Smoking and rates of tobacco abuse remain higher in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) persons. There has been very little scholarly inquiry about the emerging trend of use of ...electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS; e.g., vaping and eCigarettes eCigs) in LGBTQ populations. The purpose of this article is to: (a) explore the most recent prevalence data regarding smoking and tobacco abuse in LGBTQ persons, (b) reveal strategies the tobacco industry has historically used in marketing their products to the LGBTQ community, (c) review data from the few studies evaluating use of ENDS in LGBTQ persons, (d) provide evidence‐based methods public health nurses can employ to discourage use of ENDS in LGBTQ persons by addressing two identified causes of ENDS use in LGBTQ populations (harassment/discrimination in LGBTQ youth and binge drinking in LGBTQ adults), and (5) encourage cessation among those already using ENDS.
To describe the demographic characteristics and estimate the uterine leiomyomata claim rates (ULCRs) by women 18 years and older in Florida, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the 2010-2019 ...administrative claims for uterine leiomyomata and associated study variables (age, race, ethnicity, county of residence, anatomic site, length of stay, and additional diagnoses). ULCR ratios were estimated by race and ethnicity, using ULCR for non-Hispanic White women as the reference group. We identified 232,475 claims, most of which were among non-Hispanic White women in their forties. The overall ULCR estimate 95 percent CI was 284.8 284.21, 285.39 per 100,000 women 18 years and older, with a small, nonsignificant trend to increase over time (R
2
= .310; p = .094). Black, Hispanic, and other women of color presented with higher ULCR ratios (4.84, 1.87, and 1.58, respectively). Urban counties had significantly higher ULCRs than suburban and rural counties. While non-Hispanic White women had the highest frequency of ULCRs, women of color-especially Black women-presented with significantly higher ULCR ratios. The epidemiologic profile of uterine leiomyomata in terms of age, race, ethnicity, and geographic location points to unmet healthcare needs among specific demographic and geographic groups of women in Florida.
Adolescent mothers (AMs) often experience limited academic and financial attainment and higher rates of mental health disorders, which may affect their relationships with their children. Although ...children of AMs are at higher risk for developmental delays, there is no clear evidence of the relationships between mother characteristics and child outcomes. This descriptive study explored AMs’ and their children’s sociodemographic characteristics and language skills, home literacy environment, and the quality of mother–child interactions. Eight AM–child dyads were recruited from local school districts. Data were collected through questionnaires, standardized measures of language, and mother–child interactions. Most AMs demonstrated below-average language skills and most children had language scores that fell within the average range. AMs demonstrated strong affectionate behaviors, and emerging responsive, encouraging, and teaching behaviors when interacting with their children. This study provides unique data on AMs’ language characteristics that have not been clearly published in the literature.
•Chile incorporated a hexavalent acellular pertussis vaccine, only in Latin America during study.•Parental acceptability and satisfaction were significantly higher with the new hexavalent ...vaccine.•There was significantly less interruption on daily activities after the new vaccine.
To compare parental satisfaction and impact on daily life among parents of children receiving whole-cell pentavalent + oral polio vaccine (Arm1) with an acellular hexavalent vaccine (Hexaxim; Arm2).
Self-administered electronic questionnaire at vaccination and one week later in six community health clinics of metropolitan Santiago, Chile, exploring parent-reported outcomes on satisfaction, acceptability, and impact on daily life after immunization. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine differences in the responses in both groups (α = 0.05).
The study enrolled 800 participants and 65% (222 in Arm1, 296 in Arm2) were included for according-to-protocol analysis. Demographic characteristics were comparable, except for a higher proportion of mothers answering the questionnaire at the 6-month visit. Regardless of the study arm, parental knowledge and perception of the immunization practices were good, and there were no differences in vaccination experiences in the prior 5 years. However, satisfaction with vaccination and intention to vaccinate were statistically significantly higher in Arm2 after the 6-month visit. Also, more parents in Arm2 reported no disruption in several aspects of the everyday activities of the parent, the child, and other children in the household. Parents in Arm2 were more likely to be satisfied with the vaccine received (OR 2.82; 95% CI, 1.22–7.07); return for other vaccine dose (OR 2.62; 95% CI, 1.45–4.84); follow a healthcare professional recommendation (OR 2.24; 95% CI, 1.57–3.21); and, to be confident that the vaccine will not disrupt the family’s daily routine (OR 1.89; 95% CI, 1.32–2.71).
Overall, satisfaction, intention for future vaccination, and lower impact on the family daily routine were significantly better in the group receiving the hexavalent vaccine. We also found that health care providers’ recommendations to vaccinate and participants’ access to health services were important factors favoring immunization.
•The largest meta-analysis of dietary inflammatory index among cancer survivors.•Inclusion of three outcomes, 13 studies, and 14,920 adult cancer survivors.•Inflammatory diet can increase all-cause ...mortality by 34% among cancer survivors.•Only post-diagnosis diet had a significant association with all-cause mortality.
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death globally. Chronic inflammatory environments promote the growth of tumors, and the intake of certain food items can increase systemic inflammation. This study examined the relationship between the inflammatory potential of diet, measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and recurrence, all-cause, and cancer-specific mortality among cancer survivors. Web of Science, Medline, CINHAL, and PsycINFO databases were searched in April 2022. Two independent reviewers screened all searches. Of the 1,443 studies, 13 studies involving 14,920 cancer survivors passed all the screening stages. Three studies reported cancer recurrence, 12 reported all-cause mortality, and six reported cancer-specific mortality. Seven studies calculated DII from pre-diagnosis diets, five from post-diagnosis diets, and one from both pre-and post-diagnosis diets. A random-effects model meta-analysis showed that high DII was not associated with an increased risk of recurrence (HR = 1.09, 95 % CI = 0.77, 1.54, n = 4) and all-cause (HR = 1.08, 95 % CI = 0.99, 1.19, n = 14) and cancer-specific mortality (H = 1.07, 95 % CI = 0.92, 1.25, n = 6). Analysis by the timing of dietary assessment showed that only post-diagnosis DII was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.34, 95 % CI = 1.05, 1.72, n = 6) by 34 %; however, cancer type did not modify these associations. The quality of the study assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale indicated all but one studies were good. The risk of all-cause mortality among cancer survivors could be reduced by consuming more anti-inflammatory diets after cancer diagnosis.
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This study examined the relationship between sexual identities and perception of risks associated with illicit drug use among a nationally representative sample of US adults.
We analyzed data from ...five waves of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH 2015-2019), with 205,418 adult participants. Six survey questions assessing participants’ perceptions of the risks associated with illicit drug use (LSD, heroin, and cocaine) were subjected to principal component analysis. Sex-stratified ordered logistic regressions were used to explore potential disparities in perceptions regarding the risk associated with illicit drug use among sexual minority identifiers.
Among male participants, approximately 11.3% and 1.8% of them perceived illicit drug use as moderate and low risks, respectively. About 6.0% of female participants perceived illicit drug use as moderate risks, and 1.1% of female participants perceived it as low risk. The sex-stratified regression models demonstrated that participants who identified as lesbian/gay or bisexual all had higher odds of reporting low perception of illicit drug use risks as compared to their heterosexual counterparts (all p < 0.01).
Illicit drug use prevention strategies should consider risk perception disparities by sexual minority populations.
This study aims to analyze the prevalence and likelihood of overweight, obesity, and elevated body mass index (BMI) among sexual minority men (i.e., men who have sex with men MSM, men who have sex ...with men and women MSMW, and all sexual minority men), using men who have sex with women (MSW) as the reference group. Studies reporting mean BMIs or prevalence or likelihood of obesity, overweight, or elevated BMI categorized by sexual orientation were included. Data were pooled and analyzed to report mean differences (MDs) of BMIs, prevalence rates, odds ratios (ORs), and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Forty-three studies were included, with a median of 26,507 participants (median 3.37% sexual minority men). The respective mean overweight, obesity, and elevated BMI prevalence rates among MSM (36%, 23%, and 39%) and MSMW (33%, 27%, and 47%) were lower than those of MSW (44%, 26%, and 55%). This finding was consistent with a significantly lower BMI (MD −1.50 −1.93, −1.08 kg/m2) and a decreased likelihood of overweight (OR 0.75 0.64, 0.88) and obesity (OR 0.84 0.78, 0.90). Sexual minority men present with a lower prevalence and likelihood of obesity and overweight than their heterosexual counterparts. The obesity paradox—a sustained catabolic state presenting with lower BMI—is a feasible explanation for this phenomenon, although further research exploring paradoxical cardiovascular findings is granted.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) involves use of antiretroviral medications to prevent HIV infection in higher-risk adolescent and adult populations. PrEP regimens conventionally used daily oral ...emtricitabine/tenofivir fumarate (FTC/TDF) or emtricitabine/tenofivir alafenamide (FTC/TAF). However, on December 20, 2021, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved use of injectable cabotegravir for PrEP in adolescents and adults. This article discusses indications and contraindications of injectable cabotegravir as PrEP, provides an overview of injectable cabotegravir’s safety, efficacy, and regimen, contrasts traditional oral PrEP regimens with the injectable cabotegravir regimen, and examines cost and accessibility.
In 2022, mpox, an orthopoxvirus first isolated in 1958 in cynomolgus monkeys, became a global public health threat. While the virus can be communicated through skin‐to‐skin contact from any infected ...person to non‐infected person, most cases in the United States have been in gay and bisexual men. Consequently, early public health and community‐based efforts concentrated on reducing infections in this population. This article explores current mpox case count epidemiologic data and trends. In addition, vaccination indications, contraindications, adverse events, and national administration data are provided along with directions for nurses and other clinicians moving forward in the outbreak.
