A Case of Lemierre's Syndrome in Intensive Care Unit Man, Man-Yee; Shum, Hoi-Ping; Yan, Wing-Wa ...
Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine,
02/2018, Letnik:
22, Številka:
2
Report
This study investigates the impact of different feeding methods (direct breastfeeding, expressed milk feeding, formula feeding) on the infant microbiota at 6 weeks of age.
A total of 217 healthy ...infants stool samples were collected from Hong Kong between August 2018 and December 2019.
Various microbial taxa, including the genera Enterobacter and Raoultella were identified in the expressed breast milk feeding group. The richness and composition of the major bacterial phyla showed similar abundance between direct breastfeeding and expressed breast milk.
These findings suggests that these bacteria may have colonized the milk during expression or could be introduced from other external sources. The mode of breastfeeding did not significantly alter microbiota parameters in the infant gut at 6 weeks.
Clinical deterioration during the course of community-acquired infections can occur as a result of an exaggerated immune response of the host towards the inciting pathogens, leading to ...immune-mediated tissue damage. Whether a surge in the peripheral lymphocyte count can be used as a surrogate marker indicating the onset of immunopathological tissue damage is not known. In this study, we report the clinical presentations and outcomes of a cohort of immunocompetent patients with non-tuberculous community acquired infections who experienced clinical deterioration during hospital stay (n=85). 12 (14.1%) patients had a surge in lymphocyte count preceding their clinical deteriorations, and their diagnoses included viral pneumonitis (4) , viral encephalitis (3) , scrub typhus (2) , leptospirosis (1) , brucellosis (1) , and dengue haemorrhagic fever (1) . The clinical manifestations during deterioration ranged from interstitial pneumonitis (6) , airway obstruction (1) , CNS disturbances (4) , and systemic capillary leak syndrome (1) , all of which were thought to represent immunopathological tissue damages. When compared with patients without lymphocyte surge, these patients were more likely to be infected with fastidious/viral pathogens (0 vs 12; p<0.05), in addition to having lower mean baseline lymphocyte counts (403±181 vs 1143±686 cells/ l; p<0.05). We postulate that the peripheral lymphocyte count may be a useful surrogate marker indicating the presence of immunopathological damage during clinical deterioration in certain infectious diseases.
The nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and free radicals are known to be involved in apoptosis. We studied the effects of a series of di-aryl-substituted pyrazole NF-kappaB inhibitors ...including tepoxalin on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced apoptosis in murine fibrosarcoma WEHI 164 cells. We found that potent inhibitors of NF-kappaB were also effective in attenuating apoptosis. WEHI 164 cells that had been dually treated with tepoxalin and the antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) were significantly protected from TNFalpha-induced killing. To study the role of free radicals in mediating TNFalpha-induced apoptosis, stable WEHI 164 cells overexpressing Bcl-2, an antioxidant protein, were generated. These cells were protected from TNFalpha-induced apoptosis and neither tepoxalin nor PDTC provided further significant protection. These results suggest that Bcl-2, PDTC, and tepoxalin may attenuate apoptosis in this system by affecting the same signaling pathway or converging pathways. Because tepoxalin suppresses the release of free radicals, PDTC scavenges free radicals and Bcl-2 is an antioxidant protein, free radicals are among the key mediators of this TNF-induced killing event. Tepoxalin and antioxidants may be useful in developing new therapeutics for treating neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune deficiency syndrome, and ischemia-reperfusion injuries.
U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CEOP Lawford, Richard; Bosilovich, Mike; Eden, Susanna ...
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,
07/2006, Letnik:
87, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP) is an international project that was first proposed by the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) in 1997 and was formally launched in 2001. ...Since that time it has been adopted by the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), which views it as an essential part of its strategy for developing global datasets to evaluate global climate models, and by the Integrated Global Observing Strategy Partnership (IGOS-P), which views it as the first element of its global water cycle theme. The United States has been an active partner in all phases of CEOP. In particular, the United States has taken the lead in contributing data from a number of reference sites, providing data processing, and archiving capabilities and related research activities through the GEWEX Americas Prediction Project (GAPP). Other U.S. programs and agencies are providing components including model and data assimilation output, satellite data, and other services. The U.S. science community has also been using the CEOP database in model evaluation and phenomenological studies. This article summarizes the U.S. contributions during the first phase of CEOP and outlines opportunities for readers to become involved in the data analysis phase of the project.
To assess serum antibody responses of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to nucleocapsid (N) antigen of SARS-associated coronavirus.
The serum levels of IgM and IgG antibodies to ...N antigen were measured in 200 healthy blood donors and 13 SARS patients at different time points of acute and convalescent phases using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with N fusion proteins of SARS-associated coronaviruses.
The IgM positive critical value of 0.233 and IgG of 0.239 were selected as the threshold value for positive results that equals the product of 2.1 and the mean IgM and IgG levels of 200 healthy blood donors. In 13 patients with SARS, the antibody responses to N antigen were not detectable in the first week after the onset of symptoms. The IgM and IgG seroprotection rates were 83.3% and 66.7% respectively in the second week, both reaching 100% at the third week. IgM seroprotection rates was 61.5% in the second month, and 38.5% at third month. The IgG peaked one month after t
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