The CMS Level-1 calorimeter trigger is being upgraded in two stages to maintain performance as the LHC increases pile-up and instantaneous luminosity in its second run. In the first stage, improved ...algorithms including event-by-event pile-up corrections are used. New algorithms for heavy ion running have also been developed. In the second stage, higher granularity inputs and a time-multiplexed approach allow for improved position and energy resolution. Data processing in both stages of the upgrade is performed with new, Xilinx Virtex-7 based AMC cards.
Qu’en fut-il de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme sous l’Occupation ? Si les travaux sur la France de Vichy foisonnent, le champ architectural et urbain est longtemps resté ignoré. Les politiques ...conduites en la matière ne sauraient se mesurer à la quantité d’édifices réalisés, mais plutôt à l’ampleur des réorganisations administratives – telle la création de l’Ordre des architectes en décembre 1940 – ou à l’abondante production de textes et de plans. Les architectes furent-ils majoritairement collaborateurs et profiteurs de guerre, dans des contextes allant de la spoliation des biens des Juifs à la pressante reconstruction des villes détruites ? Quel rôle jouèrent des architectes comme Le Corbusier ou Auguste Perret ? Quelle place les langages architecturaux ont-ils réservé au moderne et à la tradition ? Quel enseignement dispensait-on dans les écoles ? Sans prétendre en dévoiler toutes les continuités et les ruptures, l’ouvrage pose de front la question des politiques architecturales et urbaines mises en oeuvre sous le régime de Vichy, de leurs origines et de leur héritage.
Dante et l’averroïsme Alain de Libera; Jean-Baptiste Brenet; Irène Rosier-Catach
Collège de France,
10/2019
eBook, Book
Odprti dostop
Dante averroïste ? Le plus grand poète du Moyen Âge fut-il le disciple du plus grand philosophe arabe ? La Divine Comédie place Averroès, l’auteur du « Grand commentaire » d’Aristote, en Enfer, et en ...Paradis son disciple latin Siger de Brabant qui, dans l’actuelle « rue du Fouarre » à Paris, mettait en syllogismes « des vérités importunes ». Jugement de Salomon ? Ce volume collectif traite en détail l’un des chapitres les plus controversés de l’histoire comme de l’historiographie de la philosophie et de la théologie médiévales. Revisitant les textes philosophiques et poétiques de Dante, de la Vita nova au Convivio, au De vulgari eloquentia et à la Monarchia, examinant les productions et les thèses de ses contemporains, interlocuteurs, amis et adversaires, médecins, philosophes et poètes, rappelant et discutant les thèses de ses lecteurs anciens et modernes, les meilleurs spécialistes des domaines concernés, philosophes et italianistes, dressent le bilan de deux siècles d’études sur Dante, mais aussi sur Cavalcanti et sur l’averroïsme latin. Suivant trois grands axes, le langage et la pensée, les émotions, la politique, c’est au coeur de l’histoire et de la culture européennes, à Paris, à Florence, sur les routes de l’exil, que les contributions ici rassemblées plongeront lectrices et lecteurs amoureux de Dante, de l’Italie et de la littérature.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are released by different cell types and participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes. EVs mediate intercellular ...communication as cell-derived extracellular signalling organelles that transmit specific information from their cell of origin to their target cells. As a result of these properties, EVs of defined cell types may serve as novel tools for various therapeutic approaches, including (a) anti-tumour therapy, (b) pathogen vaccination, (c) immune-modulatory and regenerative therapies and (d) drug delivery. The translation of EVs into clinical therapies requires the categorization of EV-based therapeutics in compliance with existing regulatory frameworks. As the classification defines subsequent requirements for manufacturing, quality control and clinical investigation, it is of major importance to define whether EVs are considered the active drug components or primarily serve as drug delivery vehicles. For an effective and particularly safe translation of EV-based therapies into clinical practice, a high level of cooperation between researchers, clinicians and competent authorities is essential. In this position statement, basic and clinical scientists, as members of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) and of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, namely European Network on Microvesicles and Exosomes in Health and Disease (ME-HaD), summarize recent developments and the current knowledge of EV-based therapies. Aspects of safety and regulatory requirements that must be considered for pharmaceutical manufacturing and clinical application are highlighted. Production and quality control processes are discussed. Strategies to promote the therapeutic application of EVs in future clinical studies are addressed.
In ∼30% of families affected by colorectal adenomatous polyposis, no germline mutations have been identified in the previously implicated genes APC, MUTYH, POLE, POLD1, and NTHL1, although a ...hereditary etiology is likely. To uncover further genes with high-penetrance causative mutations, we performed exome sequencing of leukocyte DNA from 102 unrelated individuals with unexplained adenomatous polyposis. We identified two unrelated individuals with differing compound-heterozygous loss-of-function (LoF) germline mutations in the mismatch-repair gene MSH3. The impact of the MSH3 mutations (c.1148delA, c.2319−1G>A, c.2760delC, and c.3001−2A>C) was indicated at the RNA and protein levels. Analysis of the diseased individuals’ tumor tissue demonstrated high microsatellite instability of di- and tetranucleotides (EMAST), and immunohistochemical staining illustrated a complete loss of nuclear MSH3 in normal and tumor tissue, confirming the LoF effect and causal relevance of the mutations. The pedigrees, genotypes, and frequency of MSH3 mutations in the general population are consistent with an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Both index persons have an affected sibling carrying the same mutations. The tumor spectrum in these four persons comprised colorectal and duodenal adenomas, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, and an early-onset astrocytoma. Additionally, we detected one unrelated individual with biallelic PMS2 germline mutations, representing constitutional mismatch-repair deficiency. Potentially causative variants in 14 more candidate genes identified in 26 other individuals require further workup. In the present study, we identified biallelic germline MSH3 mutations in individuals with a suspected hereditary tumor syndrome. Our data suggest that MSH3 mutations represent an additional recessive subtype of colorectal adenomatous polyposis.
PDF
