This study aimed to reveal the effect of corn oil on formation of complex between rice starch and fatty acids, including lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic ...acid (C18:0). The RVA, XRD, DSC and CLSM analysis confirmed formation of starch-fatty acid complex but the starch-triglyceride complex was not detected. The addition of triglyceride promoted formation of starch-C16:0 and starch-C18:0 complexes, which might be due to more leached amylose induced by oil. However, triglyceride inhibited formation of starch-C12:0 and starch-C14:0 complexes, which might be due to high solubility of C12:0 and C14:0 in oil. In conclusion, the effect of triglyceride on formation of starch-fatty acid complex depended on the chain length of fatty acids.
•Starch-C12:0, starch-C14:0, starch-C16:0 and starch-C18:0 complexes were formed.•The starch-triglyceride complex was not detected by XRD, DSC and CLSM.•Triglyceride promoted formation of starch-C16:0 and starch-C18:0 complexes.•Triglyceride inhibited formation of starch-C12:0 and starch-C14:0 complexes.
A gel‐to‐crystal phase transition of a dipeptide supramolecular assembly mediates active water transportation in oils. The addition of water into ultrafast‐assembling dipeptide organogels can induce ...a lamellar‐to‐hexagonal structural transformation of dipeptide molecular arrangement. Consequently, a phase transition from gel to crystal occurs and in turn water is transported in the dipeptide crystal via well‐defined channels. On a macroscopic scale, water transport in the bulk system exhibits an anisotropic characteristic, which can be tuned by the presence of ions in the Hofmeister series. These favorable features enable the automatic separation of dispersed nanoparticles from dissolved electrolytes in aqueous solution. These findings demonstrate the potential of this assembled system for active filtration without external pressure.
A gel‐to‐crystal phase transition of a dipeptide supramolecular assembly creates well‐defined channels to direct water transportation through immiscible oils. This system holds great potential for the purification or concentration of dispersed particles in aqueous solution.
Enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency is very important for developing renewable energy, protecting the environment, and producing agricultural products. Efficient enhancement of ...photophosphorylation is demonstrated by coupling artificial photoacid generators (PAGs) with chloroplasts. The encapsulation of small molecular long‐lived PAGs in the thylakoid lumen is improved greatly by ultrasonication. Under visible‐light irradiation, a fast intramolecular photoreaction of the PAG occurs and produces many protons, remarkably enhancing the proton gradient in situ. Consequently, compared to pure chloroplasts, the assembled natural–artificial hybrid demonstrates approximately 3.9 times greater adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. This work will provide new opportunities for constructing enhanced solar energy conversion systems.
Photophosphorylation efficiency is enhanced by coupling artificial photoacid generators (PAGs) to a natural photosynthesis system. The in situ proton gradient of the thylakoid lumen is increased under visible light by incorporating long‐lived PAGs. An MEH/chloroplast biohybrid produces 3.9 times more adenosine triphosphate (ATP) compared to natural chloroplasts.
An experimental study on the flow rate and atomization characteristics of a new gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle was carried out to use high-concentration respirable dust in the workplace of ...high-efficiency sedimentation coal production based on the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle technology. The simulation roadway of dust fall in large coal mines was constructed, and the respirable rock dust produced by fully mechanized mining surfaces was chosen as the research object. The effects of humidity on the capture effect of respirable rock dust were analyzed in the experimental study. The results demonstrated that: (1) the distribution range of the particle size of fogdrops declines with the reduction in fogdrops D
, D
and D
, which are produced by gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzles. (2) The initial ambient humidity in the simulated roadway was 64.8% RH. After the gas-liquid two-phase flow spray was started, the ambient humidity was elevated by 23.2 to 23.5% RH within 840s and tended to be stable and no longer grew after reaching 88.0-88.3% RH. The initial growth rate of the ambient humidity in the simulated roadway was high, and then was gradually slowed down. (3) Humidity is an important factor influencing the collection of respirable dust. The humidity at 10.0 m leeward of the dust-producing point was increased by 19.6% RH, and the sedimentation rate of respirable dust was increased by 6.73%; the two growth rates were 13.1% RH and 9.90% at 20.0 m; 16.4% RH and 15.42% at 30.0 m; 18.4% RH and 11.20% at 40.0 m. In practical applications of the gas-liquid two-phase flow nozzle in coal mining activities, attention shall be paid to not only the influences of its atomization characteristics on the capture effect of respirable dust but also the influences of the flow rate of the nozzle on the humidity of the working surface. Appropriate gas and water supply pressures shall be chosen according to the space and respirable dust concentration on the working surface to realize a better dust removal effect.
The gear shaft needs to measure its radial runout for straightening before finishing, while it is difficult to measure the gear shaft radial runout without rotating the gear shaft by the existing ...measurement technology, which results the measurement inefficient. Present work puts forward a method of measuring a gear shaft radial runout with line structured light vision. This method can measure the radial runout value and direction online for straightening the bending of the gear shaft. The center position of the gear shaft cross section is obtained by the ellipse geometric fitting on the laser plane to eliminate the influence of projection distortion. The measurement method is tested by a specialized experiment, and the experimental results show that measurements of the method meet the requirements of straightening the gear shaft. The method can realize online measurement of the gear shaft radial runout just by a single image without rotating the gear shaft, so it features fast measurement compared with the existing measurement technology.
Control of symmetry breaking of materials provides large opportunities to regulate their properties and functions. Herein, we report breaking the symmetry of layered dipeptide crystals by utilizing ...CO2 to induce the adjacent monomolecular layers to stack from the opposite to the same direction. The role of CO2 is to cover the interlayer interaction sites and force the dipeptides to adsorb at asymmetric positions. Further, the dipeptide crystals exhibit far superior piezoelectricity after symmetry breaking and the piezoelectric voltage generated from the dipeptide‐based generators becomes more than 500 % higher than before. This work reveals a potential route to engineer structures and properties of layered materials and provides a deep insight into the control of non‐covalent interactions.
The stacking manner of monomolecular layers in dipeptide crystals has been manipulated by utilizing CO2 to cover the interlayer interaction sites and force the dipeptides to adsorb at asymmetric positions. As a result, the dipeptide crystal symmetry was broken and the piezoelectricity greatly improved.
It is commonly considered that amyloid‐β (Aβ) fibrils are heavily involved in the neurological diseases. Establishing an external model based on the core recognition motif (diphenylalanine, FF) of Aβ ...would be of significance in understanding the assembly and disassembly of Aβ fibrils in living system. Herein, supramolecular gels with structure transition from amyloid‐like β‐sheet to different supramolecular helices were obtained through the co‐assembly of a N‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl‐protected L‐FF (L‐FmocFF) with achiral pyridine derivatives. It is found that the different stacking modes (H‐ or J‐aggregates) of additives and the microenvironment of chiral carbon play vital roles for the selectively chiral transfer or amplification of L‐FmocFF. The dynamic process of helix formation was also captured. This work provides a convenient co‐assembly way to explore the structure basis of Aβ fibrils with a controlled chirality.
The co‐assembly of L‐FmocFF with two kinds of achiral molecules induce the supramolecular gel transformed from amyloid‐like β‐sheet to P‐ or M‐helicity, respectively. The different stacking modes (H‐ or J‐aggregations) of additives as well as their hydrogen bonding ability influence the microenvironment of chiral carbon in water, which caused the twist of fibers into controllable supramolecular chirality.
Control of symmetry breaking of materials provides large opportunities to regulate their properties and functions. Herein, we report breaking the symmetry of layered dipeptide crystals by utilizing ...CO
to induce the adjacent monomolecular layers to stack from the opposite to the same direction. The role of CO
is to cover the interlayer interaction sites and force the dipeptides to adsorb at asymmetric positions. Further, the dipeptide crystals exhibit far superior piezoelectricity after symmetry breaking and the piezoelectric voltage generated from the dipeptide-based generators becomes more than 500 % higher than before. This work reveals a potential route to engineer structures and properties of layered materials and provides a deep insight into the control of non-covalent interactions.
Tunable supramolecular assembly has found various applications in biomedicine, molecular catalysis, optoelectronics, and nanofabrication. Unlike traditional covalent conjugation, non‐covalent ...introduction of a photoswitchable moiety enables reversible photomodulation of non‐photosensitive dipeptide supramolecular assembly. Under light illumination, a long‐lived photoacid generator releases a proton and mediates the dissociation of dipeptide‐based organogel, thereby resulting in sol formation. Under darkness, the photoswitchable moiety entraps a proton, resulting in gel regeneration. Furthermore, accompanying the isothermal recycled gel–sol transition in a spatially controlled manner, renewable patterns are spontaneously fabricated. This new concept of light‐controlled phase transition of amino acid‐based supramolecular assemblies will open up the possibility of wide applications.
Introducing a long‐lived photoacid generator non‐covalently enables reversible photomodulation of phase transition in dipeptide supramolecular assembly. Accompanying the isothermal recycled gel–sol transition in a spatially controlled manner, renewable patterns are spontaneously fabricated.
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Development of peptide-based supramolecular materials with hierarchical morphology and tunable guest loading displays broad potential as drug carrier in view of biocompatibility and ...biodegradability. Herein, we report a facile Schiff base nanoarchitectonic for supramolecular assembly of diphenylalanine (FF) metastable gel. The addition of trace glutaraldehyde (GA)/H2O solution induces the Schiff base reaction between GA and FF accompanying by phase transition from gel to solution. FF nanoparticles and hierarchical beaded nanofibers with autofluorescence properties can be constructed by regulating the competitive assembly between FF-H2O and FF-GA oligomer. Moreover, various guest molecules with different hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties can be easily loaded into such assembled particles and its release can be triggered under weak alkaline conditions, which show the potential application of the assembled FF system as drug carriers.
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