Movement behaviours, including physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep have been shown to be associated with several chronic diseases. However, they have not been objectively measured in ...large-scale prospective cohort studies in low-and middle-income countries. We aim to describe the patterns of device-measured movement behaviours collected in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study.
During 2020 and 2021, a random subset of 25,087 surviving CKB individuals participated in the 3
resurvey of the CKB. Among them, 22,511 (89.7%) agreed to wear an Axivity AX3 wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer for seven consecutive days to assess their habitual movement behaviours. We developed a machine-learning model to infer time spent in four movement behaviours i.e. sleep, sedentary behaviour, light intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Descriptive analyses were performed for wear-time compliance and patterns of movement behaviours by different participant characteristics.
Data from 21,897 participants (aged 65.4 ± 9.1 years; 35.4% men) were received for demographic and wear-time analysis, with a median wear-time of 6.9 days (IQR: 6.1-7.0). Among them, 20,370 eligible participants were included in movement behavior analyses. On average, they had 31.1 mg/day (total acceleration) overall activity level, accumulated 7.7 h/day (32.3%) of sleep time, 8.8 h/day (36.6%) sedentary, 5.7 h/day (23.9%) in light physical activity, and 104.4 min/day (7.2%) in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. There was an inverse relationship between age and overall acceleration with an observed decline of 5.4 mg/day (17.4%) per additional decade. Women showed a higher activity level than men (32.3 vs 28.8 mg/day) and there was a marked geographical disparity in the overall activity level and time allocation.
This is the first large-scale accelerometer data collected among Chinese adults, which provides rich and comprehensive information about device-measured movement behaviour patterns. This resource will enhance our knowledge about the potential relevance of different movement behaviours for chronic disease in Chinese adults.
Maternal vitamin D deficiency has been a worldwide concern in recent years. However the epidemiological data of vitamin D deficiency among large group of Chinese pregnant women is limited. This study ...is to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in Shanghai, China and to analyze the association of vitamin D status with some pregnancy outcomes (gestational diabetes and low birth weight).
A total of 34,417 pregnant women in Shanghai were included in this study from January 2014 to December 2017, and the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D concentrations were measured at 16th week of gestation by electrochemiluminescence assay. Seventy five grams of glucose was used to conduct oral glucose tolerance test during 24-28th week of gestational in all enrolled persons and the birth weight of newborns was recorded.
The median serum 25(OH) D concentration in the pregnant women during 4 years was 42.87 nmol/L (32.88-51.90 nmol/L). 9.9% of the population were severe vitamin D deficient 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L, 60.1% were deficient 25 nmol/L ≤ 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L, 28.4% were insufficient 50 nmol/L ≤ 25(OH)D < 75 nmol/L and only 1.6% of the enrolled population reached the level of adequate 25(OH)D ≥ 75 nmol/L. Serum 25(OH) D concentrations showed significant difference among seasons with the highest level in winter and the lowest level in summer. Women with advanced maternal age were more likely to have better vitamin D status compared with younger women. The 25(OH) D levels were significantly different among 2014-2017. The year of 2017 had the highest 25(OH) D level with the median serum concentration reaching 47.80 nmol/L (41.00-55.00 nmol/L), while the lowest appeared in 2016 which has median 25(OH) D concentration at 38.87 nmol/L (28.76-49.97 nmol/L). No relations were found between the 25(OH) D status and the rate of gestational diabetes or low birth weight of newborns.
Pregnant women in Shanghai were generally deficient in vitamin D status and the level of vitamin D was related to season and age. No evidence showed vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women contributes to the rate of gestational diabetes or low birth weight of newborns in this study. These results suggest that most of the pregnant women may need vitamin D supplementation to achieve adequate vitamin D level.
Ginsenosides, which contain one triterpene and one or more sugar moieties, are the major bioactive compounds of ginseng. The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a specific and reliable ...ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of twelve different resources of ginseng. The six marker compounds of ginsenoside Rb
, ginsenoside Rb
, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Re, and ginsenoside Rg
, as well as an internal standard, were separated by a reversed-phase C-18 column with a gradient elution of water and methanol-acetonitrile. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to quantify and identify twelve market products. The results demonstrated that not only is the logarithm of its partition coefficient (cLog P; octanol-water partition coefficient) one of the factors, but also the number of sugars, position of sugars, and position of the hydroxyl groups are involved in the complicated separation factors for the analytes in the analytical system. If the amount of ginsenoside Rb
was higher than 40 mg/g, then the species might be
based on the results of the marker ginsenoside contents of various varieties. In summary, this study provides a rapid and precise analytical method for identifying the various ginsenosides from different species, geographic environments, and cultivation cultures.
Lead-free (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.93Ba0.071-xLaxTi1-yZryO3 (BNBLTZ) ceramics were investigated for energy storage applications. In order to adjust its energy storage properties, the La and Zr co-doping ...contents varied at 0.01 ≤ x, y ≤ 0.04. BNBLTZ ceramics show a single phase perovskite structure without phase transition after La and Zr co-doping. The compact and uniform microstructure with similar grain morphology and different grain sizes is obtained. The remnant polarization and coercive field decrease with the increase of La and Zr additions, and the energy storage density increases drastically. The maximum energy storage density of 1.21 J/cm3 is obtained when x = 0.04 and y = 0.01. There are two dielectric anomalies at Tp and Tm due to the phase transformation. The results suggest that lead-free BNBLTZ ceramics should be good candidates for energy storage applications.
Adherence to healthy lifestyles is associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but uncertainty persists about the underlying lipid pathway. In a case-control study of 4681 ...participants nested in the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank, 61 lipidomic markers in baseline plasma were measured by targeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Baseline lifestyles included smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habit, physical activity, and adiposity levels. Genetic instrument was used to mimic the lipid-lowering effect of statins. We found that 35 lipid metabolites showed statistically significant mediation effects in the pathway from healthy lifestyles to CHD reduction, including very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles and their cholesterol, large-sized high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle and its cholesterol, and triglyceride in almost all lipoprotein subfractions. The statins genetic score was associated with reduced intermediate- and low-density lipoprotein, but weak or no association with VLDL and HDL. Lifestyle interventions and statins may improve different components of the lipid profile.
Background/Aims: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Although aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is widely distributed in mammalian tissues and over-expressed in NSCLC cells, ...there are limited studies on the effects of AQP3 knockdown on NSCLC cells under hypoxic conditions. Methods: The CCK-8 assay was used to calculate cell viability. Scratch-wound healing and transwell assays were used to detect cell migration and invasion. Apoptotic cells were measured by the TUNEL assay. mRNA expression levels were calculated via quantitative RT-PCR. Relative protein levels were determined by immunoblot assays. Results: AQP3 knockdown substantially reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 and NCI-H460 cells under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, AQP3 knockdown clearly induced cell apoptosis. Further analysis identified levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, Raf, phosphor-MEK, and phosphor-ERK, whose activities were significantly attenuated in the AQP3 knockdown group. Conclusions: These findings indicate that AQP3 knockdown retards the growth of NSCLC cells partially through inhibiting HIF-1α/VEGF and Raf/MEK/ERK signalling pathways.
Blood pressure (BP) categories are useful to simplify preventions in public health, and diagnostic and treatment approaches in clinical practice. Updated evidence about the associations of BP ...categories with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and its subtypes is warranted.
About 0.5 million adults aged 30 to 79 years were recruited from 10 areas in China during 2004-2008. The present study included 430 977 participants without antihypertension treatment, cancer, or CVD at baseline. BP was measured at least twice in a single visit at baseline and CVD deaths during follow-up were collected via registries and the national health insurance databases. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate the associations between BP categories and CVD mortality. Overall, 16.3% had prehypertension-low, 25.1% had prehypertension-high, 14.1% had isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), 1.9% had isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and 9.1% had systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH). During a median 10-year follow-up, 9660 CVD deaths were documented. Compared with normal, the hazard ratios (95% CI) of prehypertension-low, prehypertension-high, ISH, IDH, SDH for CVD were 1.10 (1.01-1.19), 1.32 (1.23-1.42), 2.04 (1.91-2.19), 2.20 (1.85-2.61), and 3.81 (3.54-4.09), respectively. All hypertension subtypes were related to the increased risk of CVD subtypes, with a stronger association for hemorrhagic stroke than for ischemic heart disease. The associations were stronger in younger than older adults.
Prehypertension-high should be considered in CVD primary prevention given its high prevalence and increased CVD risk. All hypertension subtypes were independently associated with CVD and its subtypes mortality, though the strength of associations varied substantially.
A Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, strain JSM 102062
, was isolated from a non-saline farm soil sample collected from Dehang ...Canyon in Hunan, PR China. Growth occurred with 0.5-20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 4-7 %) at pH 5.5-11.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and at 20-50 °C (optimum 30-35 °C). Contained cell-wall peptidoglycan based on
-diaminopimelic acid and possessed menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C
, anteiso-C
and iso-C
. The polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, five unidentified phospholipids and an unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 102062
belonged to the genus
, sharing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to
EN8d
(99.4 %) and
NHBX5
(98.3 %). The whole genomic analysis showed that strain JSM 102062
constituted a different taxon separated from the recognized
species. Combined data from phenotypic and genotypic studies demonstrated that strain JSM 102062
represents a noval species of the genus
, for which the name
sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is JSM 102062
(=CCTCC AB 2014166
= CGMCC 1.12957
=DSM 28949
=KCTC 33541
).
The MPF and MAPK genes play crucial roles during oocyte maturation processes. However, the pattern of MPF and MAPK gene expression induced by melatonin (MT) and its correlation to oocyte maturation ...quality during the process of porcine oocyte maturation in vitro remains unexplored. To unravel it, in this study, we cultured the porcine oocytes in maturation medium supplemented with 0, 10
−6
, 10
−9
, and 10
−12
mol/L melatonin. Later, we analyzed the MPF and MAPK gene expression levels by RT-PCR and determined the maturation index (survival and maturation rate of oocytes). The GSH content in the single oocyte, and cytoplasmic mitochondrial maturation distribution after porcine oocyte maturation in vitro was also evaluated. We also assessed the effects of these changes on parthenogenetic embryonic developmental potential. The oocytes cultured with 10
−9
mol/L melatonin concentration showed higher oocyte maturation rate, and MPF and MAPK genes expression levels along with better mitochondrial distribution than the 0, 10
−6
, and 10
−12
mol/L melatonin concentrations (
p
< 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the survival rates when the oocytes were cultured with different melatonin concentrations. The expression of the MPF gene in the oocytes cultured with 10
−6
mol/L melatonin was higher than with 10
−12
and 0 mol/L melatonin, and the expression of the MAPK gene in 10
−6
and 10
−12
group was higher than the control (
p
< 0.05). As far as the embryonic developmental potential is concerned, the cleavage and blastocyst rate of oocytes cultured with 10
−6
and 10
−9
mol/L melatonin was significantly higher than the 10
−12
mol/L melatonin and control. In conclusion, 10
−9
–10
−6
mol/L melatonin significantly induced the MPF and MAPK gene expression; besides, it could also be correlated with GSH content of single oocyte, mitochondrial maturation distribution, and the first polar body expulsion. These changes were also found to be associated with parthenogenetic embryo developmental potential in vitro.
Acculturation could cause grave health consequences in international students. However, there is a shortage of research into how acculturative stress might affect international students' quality of ...life in light of their academic standing and experience. The lack of research is particularly pronounced among Chinese international students, representing the largest body of international students studying in the United States (U.S.). Thus, to bridge the research gap, this study aims to examine the interplay between international students' acculturative stress, academic standing, and quality of life among a nationally representative sample of Chinese international students studying in the United States.
An online survey that gauges Chinese international students' levels of acculturative stress, academic standing, and quality of life was developed. Over 350 higher education institutions across the United States were approached, including public universities, private universities, and community colleges, among which approximately 220 institutions responded positively and supported survey distribution. A total of 751 students completed the survey. Multiple regression analyses were carried out to examine the associations between students' acculturative stress, academic standing, and quality of life.
Findings reveal that acculturative stress negatively affects all four domains of Chinese international students' quality of life, irrespective of their academic standing. Data analyses also show that compared to master's and doctoral students, undergraduates experience the highest levels of acculturative stress. Furthermore, a significant difference emerged among undergraduate and doctoral international students' acculturative stress levels, but not among undergraduate and master's students, or master's and doctoral students.
Our study found that, compared to master's and doctoral students, undergraduates had more significant acculturative stress associated with lower levels of quality of life. This finding highlights the potentially positive role of academic experience - while acculturative stress deteriorates international students' quality of life, students' academic standing and experience could be the protective factor in the equation. Future research could further examine how universities and colleges can capitalize on their academic apparatuses and resources to improve international students' academic performance and students' acculturation experience and quality of life.
PDF
