Circular RNAs, as hopeful diagnosis markers and therapeutic molecules, have been studied, probed and applied into several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, ...leukemia, pulmonary tuberculosis, and cancer especially. Recently, mounting evidence has supported that circRNAs play a key role in the tumorigenesis, progress, invasion and metastasis in lung cancer. Its special structure-3'-5' covalent loop-allow it to execute several special functions in both normal eukaryotic cells and cancer cells. Our review summaries the latest studies on characteristics and biogenesis of circRNAs, and highlight the regulatory functions about miRNA sponge of lung-cancer-related circRNAs. In addition, the interaction of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network will also be elaborated in detail in this review. Therefore, this review can provide a new idea or strategy for further development and application in clinical setting in terms of early-diagnosis and better treatment.
Aerobic visible‐light induced intermolecular S−N bond construction has been achieved without the addition of photosensitizer, metal, or base. With this strategy, 1,2,4‐thiadiazoles can be obtained ...from thioamides. Preliminary mechanistic investigation suggested that the excited state of thioamides undergoes a single‐electron‐transfer (SET) process to afford thioamidyl radicals, which can be further transformed into a 1,2,4‐thiadiazole through desulfurization and oxidative cyclization. The reaction has good functional group tolerance and represents a green method for the construction of S−N bonds.
A green approach for S−N construction with concomitant synthesis of1,2,4‐thiadiazoles was developed by visible‐light induced oxidative cyclization of thioamides under photosensitizer‐free conditions.
Vertical Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, characterized by two‐dimensional materials and halide perovskites, have drawn extensive attention to differences in novel optoelectronic properties for ...isolated materials. In this paper, the structural, electronic, and optical properties of vdW heterostructures based on γ‐CsSnI3 and black phosphorus (BP) monolayers are investigated using first‐principle calculations. The calculated results show that the I–Cs are investigated interface heterostructure contacting the BP monolayer has a type‐I band alignment, while the I–Sn interface contacting the BP monolayer heterostructure has a type‐II alignment. In addition, CsSnI3–BP heterostructures show superior optical performance compared to CsSnI3 slabs in visible and ultraviolet spectra. This surprising result is traced to the smaller bandgap of heterostructures compared to that of isolated structures, as well as the inner electric field caused by the potential across the interface, which produces a charge redistribution at the interface and a separation of electron–hole pairs. This work offers a new view to shed light on the interface charge transfer mechanism for hybrid heterostructures with enhanced optical absorption. Therefore, a bandgap‐tunable inorganic perovskite may be attractive for optoelectric applications.
In this work, the authors construct the corresponding heterostructures by contacting black phosphorus with the two terminal surfaces of γ‐CsSnI3, and investigate the electronic and optical properties of them by first‐principles. The obtained results may provide a better perspective to understand excellent optical performance of CsSnI3‐based heterostructures and offer useful insights in designing highly responsive and unique solar cell devices.
Despite great efforts devoted to the unusual optoelectronic properties for the bulk inorganic halide perovskites, overcoming the surface effects and bringing about selective growth in the specified ...surface termination are still a challenge. In this paper, we investigate the electronic structures, effective masses, carrier mobility, and optical properties of γ-CsSnI3 with different terminations by employing density functional theory calculations. The calculated results show that the range of values of hole mobility is from 370.50 to 584.39 cm2/V s. Our results are close to the experimental data 400 cm2/V s. Moreover, we further predicted that the perfect CsI termination may exhibit better photovoltaic characteristics than the SnI2 termination. On the basis of the stability of different surfaces and surface vacancies, an appropriate condition was obtained to suppress the I vacancies and promote the growth of perfect CsI-termination surface. This work also indicates that the electronic and optical properties of inorganic halide perovskites are tuned by selecting the proper surface, which is an important technique in the design of other optoelectronic devices.
Two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskite materials have attracted considerable attention due to their unique performance and enhanced stability for photovoltaic ...and photoluminescent devices. However, the optoelectronic properties of 2D all-inorganic RP perovskites remains unclear because of hard-to-experiment synthesis. Therefore, the two-dimensionality how to affect the photoelectric properties of all-inorganic perovskites remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the electrical and optical properties, including the band structures, carrier mobility, optical absorption spectra, and exciton-binding energies for newly synthesized all-inorganic 2D-layered RP perovskite Cs2PbI2Cl2 using density functional theory. The results demonstrate the thickness-dependence of photoelectric properties in 2D-layered RP perovskite Cs2PbI2Cl2. The carrier mobilities and absorption coefficients in the visible spectrum of Cs2PbI2Cl2 are smaller than those of MAPbI3 and Si crystal photovoltaic materials, whereas the exciton-binding energies increase with the decrease in the number of layers, which are obviously higher than those of MAPbI3 and Si crystal. The results show that Cs2PbI2Cl2 is a good material for luminescent devices rather than for photovoltaic cells. This study provides a theoretical basis for other ultra-thin two-dimensional perovskite materials with potential applications in photoluminescent devices.
•Thickness-dependence photoelectric properties for 2D RP perovskite Cs2PbI2Cl2.•2D RP perovskite Cs2PbI2Cl2 is a good material for luminescent.•Two-dimensional perovskite with potential applications in photoluminescent devices.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex disease characterized by three-dimensional structural deformities of the spine. Its pathogenesis is associated with osteopenia. Bone-marrow-derived ...mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play an important role in bone metabolism. We detected 1919 differentially expressed mRNAs and 744 differentially expressed lncRNAs in BMSCs from seven patients with AIS and five patients without AIS via high-throughput sequencing. Multiple analyses identified bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP6) as a hub gene that regulates the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in AIS. BMP6 expression was found to be decreased in AIS and its knockdown in human BMSCs significantly altered the degree of osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, CAP1-217 has been shown to be a potential upstream regulatory molecule of BMP6. We showed that CAP1-217 knockdown downregulated the expression of BMP6 and the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Simultaneously, knockout of BMP6 in zebrafish embryos significantly increased the deformity rate. The findings of this study suggest that BMP6 is a key gene that regulates the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in AIS via the CAP1-217/BMP6/RUNX2 axis.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity characterized by changes in the three‐dimensional structure of the spine. It usually initiates during puberty, the peak period of ...human growth when the secretion of numerous hormones is changing, and it is more common in females than in males. Accumulating evidence shows that the abnormal levels of many hormones including estrogen, melatonin, growth hormone, leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin, may be related to the occurrence and development of AIS. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary and critique of the research published on each hormone over the past 20 years, and to highlight areas for future study. It is hoped that the presentation will help provide a better understanding of the role of endocrine hormones in the pathogenesis of AIS.
This article proposes a lightweight biometric sensing system using ubiquitous narrowband radio frequency (RF) links for path-dependent walker classification. The fluctuated received signal strength ...(RSS) sequence generated by human motion is used for feature representation. To capture the most discriminative characteristics of individuals, a three-layer RF sensing network is organized for building multiple sampling links at the most common heights of upper limbs, thighs, and lower legs. The optimal parameters of sensing configuration, such as the height of link location and number of fused links, are investigated to improve sensory data distinctions among subjects, and the experimental results suggest that the synergistic sensing by using multiple links can contribute a better performance. This is the new consideration of using RF links in building a biometric sensing system. In addition, two types of classification methods involving vector quantization (VQ) and hidden Markov models (HMMs) are developed and compared for closed-set walker recognition and verification. Experimental studies in indoor line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios are conducted to validate the proposed method.
Solid-state lithium batteries require the high energy density, easy processing and flexibility of electrolyte membranes. However, the low-temperature ionic conductivity and high interfacial impedance ...are still hindering the further application. Therefore, we developed the solution pouring method by using lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) to prepare the PEO/LiBOB/LLZTO solid electrolyte for room-temperature solid-state lithium battery. Compared with the traditional LiPF
6
as a lithium additive, the solid-state electrolytes with LiBOB as additive hold higher ionic conductivity and electrochemical window. Moreover, the fabricated solid-state LiFePO
4
|Li batteries own higher specific capacity and excellent cycle performance at room temperature (165.9 mAh g
−1
with capacity retention of 84.6% after 100 cycles). The large volume of LiBOB could effectively decrease the crystallization state of PEO to improve the conductivity of Li
+
ion by the increase in the amorphous region in the whole polymer electrolyte system. This study offers a feasible strategy of preparing solid electrolytes for room-temperature solid-state lithium battery with high performance.
Large-scale entangled states are important physical resources, which can be generated from small-scale ones via quantum state fusion. Measurement in fusion operation will cause particle and ...efficiency loss, so a fusion scheme without qubit loss is expected to be the most efficient one, but counter-intuitively it is not the case. So in this paper we reveal the essence of the fusion mechanism, and answer this counter-intuitive question. The results show that any fusion mechanism is basically a generalized measurement (POVM), and the POVM essence shows why the qubit-loss-free fusion scheme for standard W state is not the most efficient one. A more efficient fusion mechanism targeting at large-scale W state is proposed, where two unequally-weighted W states are fed into the fusion mechanism, and it beats all the current fusion schemes. The universality of the POVM essence of the fusion mechanism makes it applicable to any multipartite entangled state.
•The essence of quantum state fusion mechanism was revealed: generalized measurement.•The mechanism is applicable to any kind of multipartite entangled states.•Reveal why the qubit-loss scheme is more efficient than the qubit-loss-free one.•More efficient fusion schemes for generating large-scale W/W-like states.•Beat all the current fusion schemes by a huge margin in the resource cost.
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