Background
Filler injection for lower eyelid rejuvenation remains a difficult subject due to many complicated anatomic changes as the face ages.
Objectives
To propose an alternative, simple, and ...effective filler injection method in lower eyelids for Asian patients.
Methods
Any patient who has tear trough deformities, infra‐orbital hollows, nasojugal grooves, dark eye circles, as well as mild eyebags is a potential candidate for this method. Our filler choice is injectable poly‐d,l‐lactic acid (PDLLA; AestheFill; REGEN). PDLLA must be reconstituted with sterile water for injection (SWFI) before administration. When the patient's troughs, grooves, or volume deficit are classes II and III, 3–4 ml of SWFI and 1 ml of lidocaine are used. When the deficits are class I, 5–7 ml of SWFI and 1 ml of lidocaine are used. With the fanning injection technique, a wide region that covers all the deficits is evenly injected. The depth is under the dermis layer. The total amount of filler injection is not more than 2 ml on each side.
Results
Since 2019, we have injected more than 100 patients by following these steps in Taiwan. The level of patient satisfaction is high. Only some mild and transient post‐injection complications such as edema, erythema, and ecchymosis were found.
Conclusions
We propose an alternative, simple and effective method for non‐surgical lower eyelid rejuvenation for Asian patients. However, anyone who wants to perform this procedure should be well‐trained and knowledgeable about the anatomy, product, and procedure to prevent adverse events.
Chalcones found in fruits and vegetables have promising cancer chemopreventive properties. This study attempts to identify the anticancer efficacies of chalcone flavokawain B (FKB) in the rhizomes of ...Alpinia pricei Hayata by examining key molecular events in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (A549) cells. Our results indicated that in human A549 cells, FKB (0–15 μg/ml) decreases cell viability and colony formation, dysregulates the Bax:B‐cell lymphoma 2 ratio and increases apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Mitochondrial (caspase‐9/‐3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase PARP) signaling was found to be involved in FKB‐induced apoptosis. In addition, FKB‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and N‐acetylcysteine attenuated FKB‐induced apoptotic cell death. Moreover, FKB triggered autophagy, as evidenced by the improved acidic vesicular organelle formation, lipidated light chain 3 (microtubule‐related light chain 3) accumulation, and ATG7 expression and the decreased mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation. Furthermore, FKB suppressed ROS‐mediated ATG4B expression. Inhibiting autophagy using 3‐methyladenine/chloroquine diminished FKB‐induced cell death, indicating that autophagy is triggered as a death mechanism by FKB. In summary, FKB has a crucial role in the execution and propagation of ROS‐mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Flavokawain B (FKB)‐induced autophagy was evidenced by a large accumulation of lipidated light chain 3 and acidic vesicular organelles. Mitochondrial (caspase‐9, capase‐3, and PARP) signaling was found to be critically involved in FKB‐induced apoptosis. FKB plays a crucial role in the execution and propagation of ROS‐mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Inspired by animals in nature, such as chameleons, frogs, and cephalopods, the remarkable capability of changing one's skin color has drawn considerable interests due to its wide applications in ...camouflage, warning methods, and visual communications. Today, research on electronic skins (e‐skins), imitating biological skin by quantifying external stimuli, to mimic this unique color‐changing function has been achieved based on the integration of a matrix of displays and sensors; however, integrated systems possess bulky and complicated fabrication processes. Here, the first attempt to demonstrate a single user‐interactive e‐skin device with color‐changing response upon applied external strain is made, while using a cost‐effective and space‐saving method, which promises to open new possibilities for the development of next‐generation e‐skins with visual response.
User‐interactive e‐skin devices with color‐changing response upon applied external strain, based on a single device are demonstrated. These unique features are accomplished by the mixed quantum dots as the emission layer of the quantum dots light emitting diode and the implementation of a piezoelectric thin film. The fabrication process is cost‐effective and space‐saving compared with previous reports of a discrete displays and sensors array.
Poor treatment responses of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are in large part due to tumor heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive desmoplastic tumor stroma that impacts interactions with ...cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Thus, there is a pressing need for models to probe the contributions of cellular and noncellular crosstalk. Organoids are promising model systems with the potential to generate a plethora of data including phenotypic, transcriptomic and genomic characterization but still require improvements in culture conditions mimicking the TME. Here, we describe an INTERaction with Organoid-in-MatriX ("InterOMaX") model system, that presents a 3D co-culture-based platform for investigating matrix-dependent cellular crosstalk. We describe its potential to uncover new molecular mechanisms of T cell responses to murine KPC (LSL-Kras
/Trp53
/p48
) PDAC cells as well as PDAC patient-derived organoids (PDOs). For this, a customizable matrix and homogenously sized organoid-in-matrix positioning of cancer cells were designed based on a standardized agarose microwell chip array system and established for co-culture with T cells and inclusion of stromal cells. We describe the detection and orthogonal analysis of murine and human PDAC cell populations with distinct sensitivity to T cell killing that is corroborated in vivo. By enabling both identification and validation of gene candidates for T cell resistance, this platform sets the stage for better mechanistic understanding of cancer cell-intrinsic resistance phenotypes in PDAC.
In order to explore one truly green and environment-friendly gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), the natural biopolymer of lignin is firstly all over the world used as matrix to prepare GPE. The ...electrolyte membrane based on lignin can be easily fabricated just with lignin, liquid electrolyte and distilled water. Through comprehensive investigation of obtained GPE, it is found that the liquid electrolyte uptake reaches up to 230 wt.%; before 100 °C, GPE does not lose any weight and is thermal stable; at room temperature the ion conductivity is 3.73 mS cm−1; the amazing property of lithium ion transference number is high up to 0.85; GPE expresses complete electrochemical stability before 7.5 V and favorable compatibility with lithium anode; the outstanding cell performance of C-rate and cycle capacity. All these remarkably excellent performances endow lignin with application potential in GPE used in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with higher performances.
In order to explore one true green and environment-friendly gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), the natural biopolymer of lignin is firstly all over the world used as matrix to prepare GPE. Both super simple preparation technology of electrolyte membrane and unbelievable outstanding comprehensive performances open one bran-new direction and perspective to develop lithium ion batteries with true zero environmental impact. Display omitted
•One kind of natural polymer lignin is firstly explored for gel polymer electrolyte.•The obtained GPE presents the outstanding comprehensive performances.•The super simple film formation technology demonstrates the potential application.•It is a realistic milestone for lithium ion battery with zero environmental impact.
This study uses quantile regression to examine the stock autocorrelations of eight Asian markets for the period 1990–2014. First, we find that the impacts of their previous returns are basically ...positive under most of the quantiles. Second, if we distinguish previous returns as positive or negative, the basic positive autocorrelations are strengthened. Third, when the previous return soars or plummets, the basic positive autocorrelations are not obviously changed. Last, through the cross‐comparison of two different financial crises, geographical correlations are shown to be a potentially major factor in the spread of the impact of the financial crisis.
The aim of this research is to synthesize polycaprolactone-based polyurethanes (PCL-based PUs) that can be further used for the fabrication of guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes with higher ...tensile strength and elongation at break than collagen and PTFE membranes. The PCL-based PUs were prepared by the polymerization of polycaprolactone (PCL) diol with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) at different ratios using either polyethylene glycol (PEG) or ethylenediamine (EDA) as chain extenders. The chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the synthesized polymers were determined using NMR, FTIR, GPC, DSC, and tensile tester. The PCL and polyurethanes were fabricated as nanofiber membranes by electrospinning, and their mechanical properties and SEM morphology were also investigated. In vitro tests, including WST-1 assay, SEM of cells, and phalloidin cytoskeleton staining, were also performed. It was shown that electrospun membranes made of PCL and PCL-HDI-PEG (2 : 3 : 1) possessed tensile strength of 19.84 MPa and 11.72 MPa and elongation at break of 627% and 362%, respectively. These numbers are equivalent or higher than most of the commercially available collagen and PTFE membrane. As a result, these membranes may have potential for future GBR applications.
Abstract The association between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and hyperlipidemia remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between CDAI and ...hyperlipidemia. The data used in this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset spanning from 2005 to 2020. Based on 24-h dietary recall interviews, the CDAI was calculated using the intake of six dietary antioxidants. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to investigate the relationship between CDAI and the occurrence of hyperlipidemia. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was utilized to investigate potential non-linear relationships between the CDAI and risk of hyperlipidemia. The final analysis included 30,788 adults in the United States, among whom 25,525 (82.91%) were diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. A significant negative correlation was observed between the CDAI and hyperlipidemia in the unadjusted (Odds ratio OR 0.97 95% CI 0.96, 0.98) and multi-variable adjusted (OR 0.98 95% CI 0.97, 0.99) models. When the CDAI values were analyzed as a categorical variable, individuals in the highest quartile (OR 0.82 95% CI 0.73, 0.92) exhibited a nearly one fifth decreased risk of hyperlipidemia compared to those in the lowest quartile. Additionally, RCS analysis revealed a linear relationship between CDAI and hyperlipidemia ( P for nonlinearity = 0.124). The results remained consistent across subgroups except for individuals under the age of 60 or those with diabetes mellitus. There was a significant negative correlation between the CDAI and risk of hyperlipidemia, indicating that maintaining an optimal CDAI level could effectively reduce the incidence of hyperlipidemia.
Total body irradiation (TBI) is frequently used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is associated with many complications due to radiation injury to the normal cells, including ...normal stem cells. Nevertheless, the effects of TBI on the mesenchymal stromal stem cell (MSC) are not fully understood. Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) isolated from normal adults were irradiated with 200 cGy twice daily for consecutive 3 days, a regimen identical to that used in TBI-conditioning HSCT. The characteristics, differentiation potential, cytogenetics, hematopoiesis-supporting function, and carcinogenicity of the irradiated BM-MSCs were then compared to the non-irradiated control. The irradiated and non-irradiated MSCs shared similar morphology, phenotype, and hematopoiesis-supporting function. However, irradiated MSCs showed much lower proliferative and differentiative potential. Irradiation also induced clonal cytogenetic abnormalities of MSCs. Nevertheless, the carcinogenicity of irradiated MSCs is low in vitro and in vivo. In parallel with the ex vivo irradiation experiments, decreased proliferative and differentiative abilities and clonal cytogenetic abnormalities can also be found in MSCs isolated from transplant recipients who had received TBI-based conditioning previously. Thus, TBI used in HSCT drastically injury MSCs and may contribute to the development of some long-term complications associated with clonal cytogenetic abnormality and poor adipogenesis and osteogenesis after TBI.
The effects of consuming specific types of nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs) on adiposity changes in children have remained inconsistent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the intake ...of different kinds of NNSs on long-term adiposity changes during pubertal growth. Furthermore, we examined the above relationships among different sexes, pubertal stages, and levels of obesity. A total of 1893 6-15-year-old adults were recruited and followed-up every 3 months. The NNS-FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) was conducted and urine samples were collected to investigate the effects of the selected sweeteners, which included acesulfame potassium, aspartame, sucralose, glycyrrhizin, steviol glycosides, and sorbitol. Multivariate linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the relationship between NNS intake and body composition. The consumption of aspartame, sucralose, glycyrrhizin, stevioside, and sorbitol was associated with decreased fat mass and increased fat-free mass. In the highest tertile group, the effects of NNS consumption on fat mass corresponded to values of -1.21 (95% CI: -2.04 to -0.38) for aspartame, -0.62 (95% CI: -1.42 to 0.19) for sucralose, -1.26 (95% CI: -2.05 to -0.47) for glycyrrhizin, -0.90 (95% CI: -2.28 to 0.48) for stevioside, and -0.87 (95% CI: -1.67 to -0.08) for sorbitol, while the effects on fat-free mass corresponded to values of 1.20 (95% CI: 0.36 to -0.38) for aspartame, 0.62 (95% CI: -0.19 to 1.43) for sucralose, 1.27 (95% CI: 0.48 to 2.06) for glycyrrhizin, 0.85 (95% CI: -0.53 to 2.23) for stevioside, and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.08 to 1.67) for sorbitol. Particularly, aspartame and sorbitol revealed a dose-responsiveness effect. The above finding was more prominent among girls than boys. Moreover, fat mass was significantly reduced in normal-weight children who consumed a moderate amount of aspartame and a large amount of glycyrrhizin and sorbitol compared with obese children. In conclusion, the NNS-specific and sex-specific effects of long-term NNS consumption revealed associations of decreasing fat mass and increasing fat-free mass for children undergoing pubertal growth.
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