Herniation of the intervertebral disc (IVDH) is the most common cause of neurological and intervertebral disc degeneration-related diseases. Since the disc starts to degenerate before it can be ...observed by currently available diagnostic methods, there is an urgent need for novel diagnostic approaches. To identify molecular networks and pathways which may play important roles in intervertebral disc herniation, as well as to reveal the potential features which could be useful for monitoring disease progression and prognosis, multi-omics profiling, including high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics was performed. Cerebrospinal fluid of nine dogs with IVDH and six healthy controls were used for the analyses, and an additional five IVDH samples were used for proteomic data validation. Furthermore, multi-omics data were integrated to decipher a complex interaction between individual omics layers, leading to an improved prediction model. Together with metabolic pathways related to amino acids and lipid metabolism and coagulation cascades, our integromics prediction model identified the key features in IVDH, namely the proteins follistatin Like 1 (FSTL1), secretogranin V (SCG5), nucleobindin 1 (NUCB1), calcitonin re-ceptor-stimulating peptide 2 precursor (CRSP2) and the metabolites N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and adenine, involved in neuropathic pain, myelination, and neurotransmission and inflammatory response, respectively. Their clinical application is to be further investigated. The utilization of a novel integrative interdisciplinary approach may provide new opportunities to apply innovative diagnostic and monitoring methods as well as improve treatment strategies and personalized care for patients with degenerative spinal disorders.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) has been intensively used in cardio surgery. The main goal of this research was to determine if Achilles tendon healing could be promoted by applying extracellular matrix ...scaffold (CorMatrix®, USA). Sixteen (n = 16) New Zealand white mature rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were randomly allocated into two groups. Following complete surgical transection, rabbits in group A (ECM applied) (n = 8) had their Achilles tendons reconstructed using both, nylon suture and extracellular matrix scaffold, whereas in group B (without ECM) the tendons were reconstructed using nylon suture only. After four weeks, the rabbits were euthanized and tendon samples harvested and stained with hematoxylin eosin, Mallory, and Gomory and subsequently histologically analyzed according to modified Bonnar scale. Group B had significantly stronger inflammatory response, including abundant cell infiltration and neovascularization. In group A collagen fibers were predominantly found, whereas in group B reticular fibers were more abundant. Extracellular matrix scaffold has been found to have the real potential for promoting tendon healing through accelerating collagen formation, which is crucial for restoring biomechanical properties of a tendon, decreasing peritendineous adhesion formation, and reducing inflammatory edema and subsequently pain.
Epinephrine and alpha 2 agonist drugs are often used with epidural anesthesia to minimize local anesthetic systemic absorption, as well as to prolong the duration of the block. The aim of the current ...study was to determine by which extent epinephrine and medetomidine influenced lidocaine systemic absorption rate following epidural application. This was achieved by monitoring the serum lidocaine concentration in a porcine model. During general anesthesia, the first group received epidurally plane lidocaine, the second received lidocaine containing epinephrine (1 : 80.000), and the third lidocaine with medetomidine (15 μg/kg). Venous blood samples were taken before and 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes following epidural administration of the anesthetic. The effects of epinephrine and medetomidine were comparable. They both failed to cause a significant decrease in serum lidocaine concentration (p>0.05). In these settings we were unable to demonstrate a greater capacity of these two adrenergic agonists for reducing lidocaine systemic uptake and, accordingly, its systemic toxicity potential.
Canine babesiosis is a relatively frequent disease in Croatia. Elevated body temperature, anemia and haemoglobinuria are the most common signs. Diagnosis is rapidly obtained by employing blood ...smears, as B. canis is present in the red blood cells of affected dogs. Treatment is favourable and without consequences. Blood work was performed initialy, prior to treatment, and on the 1st and the 7th day following treatment. Following history and examination of the dogs blood and urine samples were taken. After confirmation of B. canis in the red blood cells, alltogether 226 dogs were tretated. Out of them 80 were tretaed with Berenil® (diminazen aceturate, Hoechst), 72 were tretated with Imizol® (imidocarb dipropionate, Schering-Plough-Animal-Health) and 74 with Oxopirvedin® (fenamidine dizetionate, Merial). Clinical findings, haematological analysis and urine analysis are given and statistically assesed. After tretment with Berenil®, symptoms of babesiosis regressed within 24 hours. Health improved more slowly in the group treated with Oxopirvedin® in comparioson with the group treated with Berenil®. Contrary to the above, Imizol® displayed the slowest regression of the disease and reinfestation with B. canis within 30 days was not noted. That is not the case if treatment was provided by Berenil® and Oxopirvedin®. In all 226 cases of canine babesiosis side effects were not noted, except topically inflammed tissue at the site of subcutaneous application.
The aim of this study was to evaluate three combinations of antibiotics applied perorally prior to laparotomy and gastrointestinal surgery and to select the most favorable combination. Research was ...performed on 24 female and male dogs divided into four groups. Following abdominal wall incision the caecum was compressed manually and 5 mL of saline solution was injected into it. Five mL of caecum contents was aspirated in a sterile syringe and only 0.1 mL was incubated into blood agar and homogenous agar. Bacterial colonies were counted and determined. Prior to surgery the control group (n=6) received no antibiotics. The group which received the combination of gentamicin and clindamycin (n=6) achieved the best reduction of E. coli whereas Enterococcus faecals was 100% destroyed. The group which received amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and metronidazole (n=6) acquired a reduction of bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, which could be sufficient for prophylaxis. The combination of gentamicin and erythromycin (n=6) failed to accomplish a reduction of the number of bacteria.
In the present study, we describe autologous blood coagulum (ABC) as a physiological carrier for BMP6 to induce new bone formation. Recombinant human BMP6 (rhBMP6), dispersed within ABC and formed as ...an autologous bone graft substitute (ABGS), was evaluated either with or without allograft bone particles (ALLO) in rat subcutaneous implants and in a posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF) model in rabbits. ABGS induced endochondral bone differentiation in rat subcutaneous implants. Coating ALLO by ABC significantly decreased the formation of multinucleated foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) in implants, as compared with ALLO alone. However, addition of rhBMP6 to ABC/ALLO induced a robust endochondral bone formation with little or no FBGCs in the implant. In rabbit PLF model, ABGS induced new bone formation uniformly within the implant resulting in a complete fusion when placed between two lumbar transverse processes in the posterolateral gutter with an optimum dose of 100‐μg rhBMP6 per ml of ABC. ABGS containing ALLO also resulted in a fusion where the ALLO was replaced by the newly formed bone via creeping substitution. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that rhBMP6, with ABC as a carrier, induced a robust bone formation with a complete spinal fusion in a rabbit PLF model. RhBMP6 was effective at low doses with ABC serving as a physiological substratum providing a permissive environment by protecting against foreign body reaction elicited by ALLO.
The objectives of the current case report are to describe and report the diagnostics and surgical treatment of colonic diverticulum in a dog. A 13-year-old intact male Labrador retriever, suffering ...from the inability to defecate for 10 days, was diagnosed with a mass between the colon and the urinary bladder, filled with faeces. The diagnosis of a colonic diverticulum was obtained using plain abdominal radiography, ultrasonography, cystography and irigography. Native and contrast abdominal radiography and ultrasonography detected an abdominal mass with a diameter of 9 cm, filled with faeces, connected to the descending colon, and an enlarged prostatic gland. The dog was treated surgically with orchiectomy, exploratory celiotomy, partial resection of the colonic diverticulum wall, followed by reconstruction of the colon using the wall of the colonic diverticulum as a flap. The dog defecated 24 hours after surgery. On the 5th postoperative day, a wound infection was observed (redness, serous discharge from the ventral midline wound). The functional outcome was satisfactory. To the best of our knowledge, such a case report has not been reported before. Key words: canine; colonic diverticulum; exploratory celiotomy Cilj rada bio je prikazati dijagnostiku i kirursko lijecenje divertikula debelog crijeva u psa. Muzjak u dobi od 13 godina pasmine labrador retriver, tijekom 10 dana nije mogao defecirati. Psu je dijagnosticirana tvorba izmedu kolona i mokracnog mjehura, ispunjena fecesom. Abdominalnom radiografijom, ultrazvukom, cistografijom i irigografijom postavljena je dijagnoza divertikula kolona. Nativna i kontrastna abdominalna radiografija i ultrazvuk otkrili su abdominalnu masu promjera 9 cm, ispunjenu fecesom i povezanu sa silaznim kolonom, kao i uvecanu prostatu. U psa je ucinjena orhiektomija, eksploratorna celiotomija i parcijalna resekcija stijenke divertikula kolona, te rekonstrukcija debelog crijeva, upotrebom stijenke crijevnog divertikula kao preklopa. Nakon 24 sata pas je defecirao. Petog dana poslije kirurskog zahvata primijecena je infekcija rane (crvenilo, serozni iscjedak iz ventralnog srednjeg dijela rane). Funkcionalni ishod bio je zadovoljavajuci. Prema nama dostupnim podacima ovakav slucaj dosad nije prikazan. Kljucne rijeci: pas; divertikul debelog crijeva; eksploratorna celiotomija
The aim of the research was to determine the influence of different methods used in the therapy of retained placenta on conception rate and duration of days open in cows. Research was performed on ...241 Simmental cows aged 2-8 years divided in three groups. The first group of cows (group A) (n=82) with retained placenta was treated with manual extraction of placenta 12-24 h after parturition combined with application of intrauterine antibiotics. The second group (group B) (n=79) with retained placenta was treated with intrauterine antibiotics only 12-24 h after parturition and repeated 2-3 times in 48 h intervals. The third group (group C) (n=80) was the control group and had physiological puerperium (without retained placenta). To assess the reproductive performance of Simmental cows, interval from calving to first insemination (days open to first service, DOFS), interval from calving to pregnancy (days open to pregnancy, DOP), relative pregnancy rate (%), first service conception rate (FSCR, %) and all service conception rate (ASCR, %) were measured. The estimate of hazard ratio for DOFS in group A relative to cows in group B was 2.20 (p is less than 0.0001), implying that cows in group B had oestrus earlier and were open shorter until the first insemination, that is, the relative rate of first service decreased by 54.5% in the group A while holding all other variables constant. The variable that had a significant influence on DOFS was lactation (HR=0.99; p is less than 0.0001). The estimate of hazard ratio for DOP in group A relative to cows in group B and C was 3.53 (p is less than 0.0001) and 1.73 (p is less than 0.0001), respectively, implying that cows in group B and C were open longer until pregnancy, that is, the relative rate of pregnancy in group A decreased by 71.6% and 42.2% in comparison with group B and C while holding all other variables constant. Variables that had a significant influence on DOP were lactation (HR=0.99; p is less than 0.0001) and peripartal diseases (HR=0.48; p=0.02). The estimate of hazard ratio for DOFS and DOP between group B and C was not significant. Cows treated with intrauterine foaming tablets after RFM became pregnant earlier and had a better conception rate in contrast to cows treated with manual extraction of placentae.
Sindrom abdominalnog odjeljka u pasa Faraguna, Siniša; Kokalj, Ivo; Marinović, Marko ...
Veterinarska stanica,
04/2022, Letnik:
53, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Sindrom abdominalnog odjeljka predstavlja karakteristično stanje s povišenim vrijednostima intraabdominalnog tlaka višim od 12 mmHg, dilatacijom abdomena popraćeno zatajenjem unutarnjih organa: ...bubrega, pluća i krvožilnog sustava. Budući da se uz njega često javljaju i brojne komplikacije kao i zatajenje brojnih organskih sustava, razvoj sindroma abdominalnog odjeljka predstavlja vrlo opasno i hitno stanje s visokom stopom mortaliteta. U humanoj medicini, ovaj sindrom je prepoznat već godinama, a do sada je dobro istražena i opisana njegova klasifikacija, etiologija, patofiziologija, klinička slika, dijagnostički postupci kao i smjernice za uspješno liječenje. U veterinarskoj medicini pojava ovoga sindroma u kliničkoj praksi vrlo često prolazi nedijagnosticirano. Zbog širokog spektra nespecifičnih simptoma koji se kod ovog oboljenja javljaju u pasa, kao i zbog prilično rijetkog prakticiranja mjerenja vrijednosti intraabdominalnog tlaka, razvoj sindroma abdominalnog odjeljka često se na vrijeme ne prepoznaje i/ili se kao takav pripisuje drugim patološkim stanjima različitih organskih sustava. Iz istog je razloga u veterinarskoj medicini do sada provedeno premalo kliničkih ispitivanja i znanstvenih radova u pasa, koji bi pružali odgovor i detaljnije objasnili etiologiju, mehanizam nastanka, progresiju, adekvatne dijagnostičke postupke te smjernice u liječenju ovoga sindroma. S obzirom da u pasa još uvijek nisu jasno definirane granične vrijednosti intraabdominalnog tlaka, teško je govoriti u kojem se trenutku javlja abdominalna hipertenzija i ako se javi hoće li rezultirati pojavom navedenog sindroma. Postavljanje egzaktne dijagnoze sindroma abdominalnog odjeljka u pasa je otežano s obzirom da do razvoja sindroma može doći zbog različitih traumatskih stanja, ozljeda, opekotina i različitih organskim ili sistemskih bolesti. Smjernice za liječenje za sada u veterinarskoj medicini nisu specifične, nije opisan jasan protokol liječenja u pasa, već se on odvija prema smjernicama preuzetim iz humane medicine. Sigurno je da je potrebno provesti dodatna znanstvena i klinička istraživanja koja će pridonijeti boljem shvaćanju ovoga sindroma. Usvojena nova znanja pridonijet će njegovu lakšem prepoznavanju, dijagnosticiranju i adekvatnom liječenju na dobrobit svih budućih pacijenata.
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