This letter considers wireless-powered cooperative jamming to secure communication between a transmitter (Tx) and an information receiver, in the presence of an energy receiver (ER), which is termed ...a potential eavesdropper. The full-duplex jammer harvests energy from the Tx's information signal and transmits jamming signal at the same time, where the jamming signal not only confounds the ER (potential eavesdropper) but also charges the ER. Our goal is to maximize the secrecy information rate by jointly optimizing the power allocation at the Tx and jammer, while maintaining the harvested energy requirement of the ER. The studied problem is non-convex and we propose the optimal solution based on the Lagrange method. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the benchmark schemes.
We herein report an organoboron compound (SBN‐1) based on N−B←N units with a balanced resonance hybrid of B, N single bond (B−N) and B, N coordination bond (B←N). Despite the different chemical ...environments of the two nitrogen atoms in the N−B←N unit, the single‐crystal structure reveals that the two B, N bonds have similar bond lengths of ca. 1.55 Å and are almost equivalent. The resonance nature of the two B, N bonds contributes to the excellent chemical stability and photostability of SBN‐1. The N−B←N units in SBN‐1 show a strong electron‐withdrawing capability and large dipole, resulting in a red‐shifted absorption spectrum, downshifted LUMO/HOMO energy levels, and drastically altered molecular packing behaviors in solid state. SBN‐1 can be used as a building block to construct small band gap conjugated polymers. The resonance of B, N bonds discovered in this work provides new insight into the design of stable organoboron small molecules and polymers for practical applications.
A compound with a resonance hybrid of B, N single and coordination bonds is reported. The organoboron compound is very stable and shows a narrow band gap. The effect of a resonant N−B←N moiety on opto‐electronic properties and the molecular packing behavior of the compound is disclosed.
The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) dramatically increases power consumption of wireless devices. Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is a promising solution for ...sustainable operation of IoT devices. In this paper, we study energy efficiency (EE) in SWIPT-based distributed antenna system, where power splitting (PS) is applied at IoT devices to coordinate the energy harvesting and information decoding processes by varying transmit power of distributed antenna ports and PS ratios of IoT devices. In the case of single IoT device, we find the optimal closed-form solution by deriving some useful properties based on Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions and the solution is no need for numerical iterations. For the case of multiple IoT devices, we propose an efficient suboptimal algorithm to solve the EE maximization problem. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes achieve better EE performance compared with other benchmark schemes in both single and multiple IoT devices cases.
OBJECTIVESTo improve diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (PMEC) through multi-detector computed tomography (MSCT) findings. METHODSMSCT findings of 27 histopathologically ...confirmed PMEC cases were retrospectively analyzed, including the location, size, margin, density, enhancement of the lesion and accompanying signs. RESULTSAmong the 27 PMEC cases, 6 (6/27, 22.2%) were the large airway pattern, 14 were (14/27, 51.9%) the pulmonary hilum pattern, and 7 (7/27, 26.9%) were the peripheral pattern. Among those 20 cases with central pattern(6 large airway and 14 pulmonary hilum patterns), 6 presented mild enhancement, 4 moderate enhancement, 5 severe enhancement, 5 heterogeneous enhancement, and 3 with calcification. 7 cases with peripheral patterns were presented as solid pulmonary nodules and masses, 3 with severe enhancement, 1 with moderate enhancement and 3 with mild enhancement. Four cases accompanied by lymph nodal metastasis, and 7 cases with distant organ metastasis. Age(t = -3.132, p = 0.005), enlarged lymph node (x2 = 9.281, p = 0.005), and distant metastasis(x2 = 7.816, p = 0.008) were statistically significant in the low-grade group and high-grade group. CONCLUSIONSMSCT images of PMEC patients demonstrated some characteristic findings, which would help improve the diagnostic accuracy of the disease.
Field experiments were conducted at the Luancheng Agro-Ecosystem Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences during the winter wheat growing seasons in 2006–2007 and 2007–2008. ...Experiments involving winter wheat with 1, 2, and 3 irrigation applications at jointing, heading, or milking were conducted, and the total irrigation water supplied was maintained at 120
mm. The results indicated that irrigation during the later part of the winter wheat growing season and increase in irrigation frequency decreased the available soil water; this result was mainly due to the changes in the vertical distribution of root length density. In ≤30-cm-deep soil profiles, 3 times irrigation at jointing, heading, and milking increased the root length density, while in >30-cm-deep soil profiles, 1 time irrigation at jointing resulted in the highest root length density. With regard to evapotranspiration (ET), there was no significant (LSD,
P
<
0.05) difference between the regimes wherein irrigation was applied only once at jointing; 2 times at jointing and heading; and 3 times at jointing, heading, and milking. Compared with 1 and 3 times irrigation during the winter wheat growing season, 2 times irrigation increased grain yield and 2 times irrigation at jointing and heading produced the highest water-use efficiency (WUE). Combining the results obtained regarding grain yield and WUE, it can be concluded that irrigation at the jointing and heading stages results in high grain yield and WUE, which will offer a sound measurement for developing deficit irrigation regimes in North China.
Key message
SlMYB75 increased the accumulation of JA and improved the scavenging of excess H
2
O
2
to resist B. cinerea. Overexpression of SlMYB75 greatly prolongs tomato fruit storage life.
Botrytis ...cinerea
(
B. cinerea
) is a major threat to the production and storage life of tomato (
Solanum lycopersicum
) fruit around the world.
SlMYB75
is an
R2R3MYB
transcription factor associated with the biosynthesis of anthocyanidin, but little is known about its function in the resistance of tomato to
B. cinerea
. In this study, we found that the overexpression of
SlMYB75
regulated the accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) and promoted the JA-mediated signaling pathway to resist
B. cinerea
infection
.
Moreover, the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, which were activated to scavenge hydrogen peroxide produced as a result of the
B. cinerea
infection, were enhanced in the transgenic tomato plants. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the wax on the fruit skin surface was significantly decreased in the transgenic tomatoes compared with the wild type. However,
SlMYB75
prolonged fruit storage life by both enhancing resistance to
B. cinerea
and directly downregulating the fruit shelf life-related gene
SlFSR
. Collectively, this study provides a good candidate gene for breeding high-quality tomatoes with a long storage life and high disease resistance.
Molecular hydrogen (H
) has emerged as a new therapeutic option in several diseases and is widely adopted by healthy people. However, molecular data to support therapeutic functions attributed to the ...biological activities of H
remain elusive. Here, using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches coupled with biochemistry and micro-CT technics, we evaluated the effect of long-term (6 months) and daily use of H
on liver function. Rats exposed 2 h daily to H
either by drinking HRW (H
dissolved in H
O) or by breathing 4% H
gas showed reduced lipogenesis and enhanced lipolysis in the liver, which was associated with apparent loss of visceral fat and brown adipose tissue together with a reduced level of serum lipids. Both transcripts and metabolites enriched in H
-treated rats revealed alteration of amino acid metabolism pathways and activation of purine nucleotides and carbohydrate biosynthesis pathways. Analysis of the interaction network of genes and metabolites and correlation tests revealed that NADP is the central regulator of H
induced metabolic alterations in the liver, which was further confirmed by an increase in the level of components of metabolic pathways that require NADP as substrate. Evidence of immune response regulation activity was also observed in response to exposure to H
. This work is the first to provide metabolomic and transcriptomic data to uncover molecular targets for the effect of prolonged molecular hydrogen treatment on liver metabolism.
This paper is concerned with the low Mach number limit of the compressible Hall-magnetohydrodynamic model for quantum plasmas in
T
3
. It is justified rigorously that, for the well-prepared initial ...data, as the Mach number tends to zero, the classical solution of the compressible quantum Hall-magnetohydrodynamic model converges to that of the incompressible Hall-magnetohydrodynamic model.
The effects of rare-earth (RE) inoculants are excellent, but RE is rare and expensive. Consequently, it is necessary to choose other elements to reduce the use of RE. In this paper, research was done ...to investigate the effects of different content La–O–S complex inoculant on the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of ductile iron (DI) through SEM, EDS, XRD, etc. Studies have shown that the as-cast structures of the samples are graphite nodules, ferrites, and a few pearlites. The graphite core consists of oxides (Al
2
O
3
, SiO
2
, Fe
2
O
3
), sulfides (La
2
S
3
, LaS), and XO·SiO
2
·Al
2
O
3
silicate (X: Ca, Ba, Sr). The amount of graphite nodules increases firstly and then slightly decreases, ferrite increases gradually, and pearlite decreases by degrees with the increase in S or O content, which makes the Brinell hardness and tensile strength of the sample decrease, and the elongation of the sample slightly decreases after increasing. When both O and S are 0.3%, mechanical characteristics of the samples are best, Brinell hardness is 163.3 BHW, tensile strength is 513 MPa, and elongation is 16.1%.
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