The recent developments of MOF-based materials, especailly their structure-property relationship for advanced electrochemical sensing applications are systematically summarized in this review. The ...different strategies used for the rational design and controllable synthesis of versatile MOF-based materials based on the specific requirements of the final electrochemical sensing applications are also outlined.
Display omitted
•Recent development in MOF-based materials for electrochemical sensor is reviewed.•The structure-property relationship are emphasized.•Strategies for improving the sensing performance are discussed.•The current challenges and perspectives in this research area are also discussed.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are surprisingly porous materials that have attracted enormous attention in recent years owing to their fascinating structures and widespread potential applications. In this review, the recent developments of MOF-based materials for advanced electrochemical sensing applications are systematically summarized. A detailed discussion about the structure-property relationship, and the different strategies used for the rational design and controllable synthesis of versatile MOF-based materials based on the specific requirements of the final electrochemical sensing applications are outlined. The challenges and opportunities of developing MOF-based materials as novel electrochemical sensing platform are also discussed. Hopefully, this review will provide some creative inspiration to advance future studies on MOF-based materials in this emerging field.
Ionic conducting eutectogels have attracted enormous attention as an alternative to the conventional temperature‐intolerant hydrogels and costly ionic liquid gels in constructing flexible electronic ...devices. However, current eutectogels prepared via cross‐linked polymer or low‐molecular‐weight gelators suffer from limited stretchability and insufficient surface‐adaptive adhesion. Herein, a low‐molecular‐weight supramolecular network is introduced into a covalent polymer network in a eutectogel architecture, and a novel supramolecular‐polymer double‐network (SP‐DN) strategy is demonstrated to fabricate conductive SP‐DN eutectogels with high stretchability (>4000% elongation) and toughness (≈800 J m−2), as well as self‐healing, self‐adhesive and anti‐freezing/anti‐drying characteristics. These unique features lead to the successful realization of SP‐DN eutectogels in wearable self‐adhesive strain sensors, which can conformally deform with the skin and dynamically monitor body movements with high sensitivity and long‐term stability over a wide temperature range (−40 to 60 °C). Furthermore, the strain sensors can accurately detect body movements along two opposite directions (bend up or bend down), which are rarely reported in the literature. Distinct from the widely explored polymer double‐network (P‐DN) hydrogels, the developed SP‐DN eutectogel platform is capable of well‐regulating molecular‐scale noncovalent and covalent interactions, providing a paradigm for the creation of smart soft materials with versatile performance and high environmental adaptability.
A novel low‐molecular‐weight supramolecular‐polymer double‐network (SP‐DN) strategy is developed to fabricate conductive SP‐DN eutectogels with high stretchability and excellent toughness, as well as self‐healing, self‐adhesive, and anti‐freezing/anti‐drying characteristics. These unique features allow for the successful application of SP‐DN eutectogels for self‐adhesive and bidirectional sensors with high sensitivity and long‐term stability over a wide temperature range (−40 to 60 °C).
Falls are the leading cause of injury in stroke patients. However, the cause of a fall is complicated, and several types of risk factors are involved. Therefore, a comprehensive model to predict ...falls with high sensitivity and specificity is needed.
This study was a prospective study of 112 inpatients in a rehabilitation ward with follow-up interviews in patients' homes. Evaluations were performed 1 month after stroke and included the following factors: (1) status of cognition, depression, fear of fall and limb spasticity; (2) functional assessments walking velocity and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM); and (3) objective, computerized gait and balance analyses. The outcome variable was the number of accidental falls during the 6-month follow-up period after baseline measurements.
The non-faller group exhibited significantly better walking velocity and FIM scale compared to the faller group (P < .001). The faller group exhibited higher levels of spasticity in the affected limbs, asymmetry of gait parameters in single support (P < .001), double support (P = .027), and step time (P = .003), and lower stability of center of gravity in the medial-lateral direction (P = .008). Psychological assessments revealed that the faller group exhibited more severe depression and lower confidence without falling. A multivariate logistic regression model identified three independent predictors of falls with high sensitivity (82.6%) and specificity (86.5%): the asymmetry ratio of single support adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 2.2, 95% CI (1.2-3.8), the level of spasticity in the gastrocnemius aOR = 3.2 (1.4-7.3), and the degree of depression aOR = 1.4 (1.2-1.8).
This study revealed depression, in additional to gait asymmetry and spasticity, as another independent factor for predicting falls. These results suggest that appropriate gait training, reduction of ankle spasticity, and aggressive management of depression may be critical to prevent falls in stroke patients.
Supramolecular eutectogels, an emerging class of materials that have just developed very recently, offer a new opportunity for generating functional supramolecular gel materials in biocompatible ...anhydrous or low‐water media. As the first example of supramolecular G4 eutectogels, complexes of natural guanosine and H3BO3 exhibited excellent gelation capacity in choline chloride/alcohol deep eutectic solvents. The as‐prepared supramolecular eutectogels displayed unexpected solvent‐induced chiral inversion and significantly high ionic conductivity (up to 7.78 mS cm−1), as well as outstanding thixotropic/injectable properties, high thermal stability and excellent electrochromic activity. These features make these versatile supramolecular G4 eutectogels promising candidates for developing next‐generation flexible electronics with low environmental impact.
Supramolecular eutectogels are an emerging class of materials that offer a new opportunity for generating functional gel materials in biocompatible anhydrous or low‐water media. Two guanosine‐based supramolecular G4 eutectogels with high ionic conductivity and solvent‐induced chiral inversion were developed that can be applied to fabricate a flexible electrochromic device.
Abstract
Motivation
Since December 2019, the newly identified coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a massive health crisis worldwide and resulted in over 70 000 COVID-19 infections so far. Clinical ...drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 are urgently needed to decrease the high fatality rate of confirmed COVID-19 patients. Traditional de novo drug discovery needs more than 10 years, so drug repurposing seems the best option currently to find potential drugs for treating COVID-19.
Results
Compared with traditional non-covalent drugs, covalent drugs have attracted escalating attention recent years due to their advantages in potential specificity upon careful design, efficiency and patient burden. We recently developed a computational protocol named as SCAR (steric-clashes alleviating receptors) for discovering covalent drugs. In this work, we used the SCAR protocol to identify possible covalent drugs (approved or clinically tested) targeting the main protease (3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2. We identified 11 potential hits, among which at least six hits were exclusively enriched by the SCAR protocol. Since the preclinical or clinical information of these identified drugs is already available, they might be ready for being clinically tested in the treatment of COVID-19.
Contact
senliu.ctgu@gmail.com
As the first example of a photocatalytic system for splitting water without additional cocatalysts and photosensitizers, the comparatively cost‐effective Cu2I2‐based MOF, Cu‐I‐bpy ...(bpy=4,4′‐bipyridine) exhibited highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production (7.09 mmol g−1 h−1). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations established the electronic structures of Cu‐I‐bpy with a narrow band gap of 2.05 eV, indicating its semiconductive behavior, which is consistent with the experimental value of 2.00 eV. The proposed mechanism demonstrates that Cu2I2 clusters of Cu‐I‐bpy serve as photoelectron generators to accelerate the copper(I) hydride interaction, providing redox reaction sites for hydrogen evolution. The highly stable cocatalyst‐free and self‐sensitized Cu‐I‐bpy provides new insights into the future design of cost‐effective d10‐based MOFs for highly efficient and long‐term solar fuels production.
No additives required: A low‐cost Cu2I2‐based MOF exhibits efficient photocatalytic H2 production without additional photosensitizers and cocatalysts. DFT calculations reveal a good band alignment with the water redox energy levels. The proposed mechanism demonstrates that Cu2I2 clusters in Cu‐I‐bpy (bpy=4,4′‐bipyridine) serve as photoelectron generators to accelerate copper(I) hydride interaction for hydrogen evolution.
Next‐generation energy storage devices should be soft, stretchable, and self‐healable. Previously reported self‐healable batteries mostly possess limited stretchability and rely on healable ...electrodes or electrolytes rather than achieving full‐device self‐healability. Herein, an all‐component self‐bonding strategy is reported to obtain an all‐eutectogel soft battery (AESB) that simultaneously achieves full‐cell autonomous self‐healability and omnidirectional intrinsic stretchability (>1000% areal strain) over a broad temperature range (−20~60 °C). Without requiring any external stimulus, the five‐layered soft battery can efficiently recover both its mechanical and electrochemical performance at full‐cell level. The developed AESB can be easily configured into various 3D architectures with highly interfacial compatible eutectogel electrodes, electrolyte, and substrate, presenting an excellent opportunity for the development of embodied energy technologies. The present work provides a general and user‐friendly soft electronic material platform for fabricating a variety of intrinsic self‐healing stretchable multi‐layered electronics, which are promising beyond the field of energy storage, such as displays, sensors, circuits, and soft robots.
Most reported self‐healable batteries possess limited stretchability and unable to achieve full‐device self‐healability. Herein, an all‐component self‐bonding strategy is presented to obtain an all‐eutectogel soft battery (AESB) that simultaneously achieves full‐cell autonomous self‐healability and omnidirectional intrinsic stretchability (>1000% areal strain) even at –20 °C. The present work provides a general soft electronic material platform for fabricating next‐generation self‐healing stretchable electronics.
SEC reserves assessment is an important indicator to measure the development potential of oil companies. Based on the evaluation of SEC reserves, this paper summarizes the dynamic evaluation methods ...of SEC reserves, including analogy method, volume method, decline method, material balance method and reservoir simulation. Among them, the decline method is the most commonly used method, which has the characteristics of easy prediction of production and economic life cycle. Therefore, this paper discusses how to choose the decline method, the initial output and the determination method of the decline rate.
Negative‐SET behavior is observed in various cation‐based memories, which degrades the device reliability. Transmission electron microscopy results demonstrate the behavior is caused by the ...overgrowth of the conductive filament (CF) into the Pt electrode. The CF overgrowth phenomenon is suppressed and the negative‐SET behavior is eliminated by inserting an impermeable graphene layer. The graphene‐based devices show high reliability and satisfying performance.
PDF
