The high-value patent identification (HVPI) and the standard-essential patent identification (SEPI) are two important issues in the fields of intellectual property and the standardization, ...respectively. Almost all the HVPI and the SEPI are based on the single-task learning. In this paper, we unify the HVPI and the SEPI in a multi-task learning framework in consideration of the mutual reinforcement of the two tasks. In our model, we extract the patent structured features and embed the patent textual features using the pre-training model. Given these features, we explore a multi-task learning based identification model to identify the high-value patents and the standard-essential patents. We evaluate our model by comparing with two state-of-the-art models on the 5 balanced datasets and 2 imbalanced datasets. The results show our multi-task learning based model outperforms significantly these single-tasking learning based models in the measurements: precision, recall, F1 and accuracy. On the balanced datasets, the average increments of measurements are 1.3%, 1.29%, 1.28% and 1.28% respectively. On the imbalanced datasets, the average increments of measurements are 2.24%, 1.62%, 1.75% and 0.66% respectively.
Cellular structures have been widely studied and employed in engineering because of their excellent mechanical properties. To enrich the geometric diversity of cellular structures, we proposed two ...novel chiral cellular structures composed of half-periodic and full-periodic cosinoidal beams respectively in this paper. The in-plane elastic properties were studied by a combination of the energy method and the finite element analysis, and verified by the experimental test. The influences of geometric parameters on the elastic constants were analyzed. Then, the elastic properties of the two structures as well as the V-shaped chiral structure were compared. Finally, error analysis was carried out on the theoretical models. Results show that: (1) the two structures own considerably low equivalent elastic moduli and extremely high strain capabilities, and possess certain in-plane elastic coupling effects; (2) the elastic properties of the two structures are highly tunable with the variations of geometric parameters; (3) the elastic moduli of the two structures are lower than that of the V-shaped structure, and the structure with half-periodic beams exhibits the lowest in-plane stiffness and the highest strain capabilities; (4) the theoretical models without considering the internal axial force are convincible in predicting the elastic properties when the corresponding chord ratio is larger than 0.2. Generally, the proposed structures have great potential as flexible structures for morphing application.
This paper proposes a novel bilateral adaptive control scheme to achieve position and force coordination performance of underwater manipulator teleoperation system under model uncertainty and ...external disturbance. A new nonlinear model reference adaptive impedance controller with bound-gain-forgetting (BGF) composite adaptive law is designed for the master manipulator force tracking of the slave manipulator. The reference position in task space is obtained from the linear second-order impedance model whose input is the force error of the master and the slave. The adaptive terminal sliding mode control based on adaptive uncertainty compensation is proposed to achieve the master position tracking of the reference position. The radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) local approximation method is proposed for the slave manipulator's position tracking. The RBFNN based on Ge-Lee (GL) matrix is adopted to directly approximate each element of the slave manipulator dynamic, and the robust term with a proper update law is designed to suppress the error between the estimate model and the real model, and the external disturbance. The asymptotic tracking performance and global stability of the teleoperation system are proved with Lyapunov stability theorem. The simulation and experiment verify the performance of the proposed controller in teleoperation manipulator model. The results show that the teleoperation system has a good ability of position and force coordination.
•A new nonlinear model reference adaptive impedance controller with bound-gain-forgetting (BGF) composite adaptive law is designed for the master manipulator force tracking of the slave manipulator.•The adaptive terminal sliding mode control based on adaptive uncertainty compensation is proposed to achieve the master position tracking of the reference position.•The RBFNN based on Ge-Lee (GL) matrix is adopted to directly approximate each element of the slave manipulator dynamic, and the robust term with a proper update law is designed to suppress the error between the estimate model and the real model, and the external disturbance.•The asymptotic tracking performance and global stability of the teleoperation system are proved with Lyapunov stability theorem.•The simulation and experiment verify the performance of the proposed controller in teleoperation manipulator model.
•A distinctive 2D chiral cellular structure is studied through energy-based method.•The in-plane elastic constants and coupling effects are comprehensively investigated.•The effects of the parameters ...on the in-plane elasticity are concretely discussed.•The structure shows great potential for a wide range of engineering applications.
A 2D chiral cellular structure, the unit cell of which is composed of four V-shaped wings, is studied through the energy-based method. The closed-form solutions of the in-plane elastic constants are obtained as functions of geometric parameters and verified through finite element analysis. Furthermore, the influences of geometric parameters on the elastic constants are discussed. Results show that the equivalent moduli of the structure can be several orders of magnitude lower than those of the base material, and the maximum global strains can be dozens of times those of the base material. Besides, the structure shows significant in-plane elastic coupling effects: (1) the maximum ratio of the shear to elastic strain beyond 17.2°/% and (2) the maximum ratio of the elastic to shear strain exceeding 1.52%/° (x-direction) and 1.64%/° (y-direction). As a distinctive 2D chiral cellular structure, the structure shows great potential as a candidate selection for flexible structures in engineering applications.
•Propose an optimal distribution systems operation method of coordinating reconfiguration technique and demand response program in the presence of stochastic wind power in electricity market.•Due to ...the diversity of TCL system, the parameters of TCL model are not certainly defined. The uncertainty of TCL model’s parameters has been considered and risk of exceeding customers’ comfort limit is measured by CVaR index.•Under the specific demand response program, analyze the synergistic effect of coordinating BES and TCL in the purpose of optimizing operation cost.
This paper discusses the optimal distribution system operation in the presence of wind power by coordinating network reconfiguration and demand response method. Under the specific demand response program, the paper proposes an optimal control method of coordinating thermostatically controlled load (TCL) and battery energy storage (BES). The TCL of the demand response can be controlled in the premise of not hurting customer comfort. The risk of exceeding thermal customer comfort limit is measured by conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) index. Under the requirement of timely wind power balancing, the hourly reconfiguration plan is adopted. Because of the stochastic characteristics of wind power, this is a risk-constrained optimization problem with the objective of minimizing operation cost. Due to the time interdependence of wind power, a Markov Decision Process (MDP) formulation in combination with dynamic programming is adopted to solve the multi-stage stochastic optimization problem. The results show that coordinating reconfiguration and demand response method could significantly contribute to compensating for the forecast error of wind power, therefore, bringing considerable economic savings on operation cost in real-time electricity market.
Display omitted
In this study, galactosamine-modified poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (Gal-PEG-PLA) polymers were synthesized and Gal-PEG-PLA/D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate ...(TPGS) micelles named as GPP micelles were designed to promote the oral absorption of a hydrophobic drug, curcumin (CUR). CUR-loaded Gal-PEG-PLA/TPGS micelles (CUR@GPP micelles) were fabricated using the thin-film dispersion method. CUR@GPP micelles had a size of about 100 nm, a near-neutral zeta potential, drug loading (DL) of 14.6%, and sustained release properties. GPP micelles with high Gal density (GPP3 micelles) were superior in facilitating uptake in epithelial cells and improving intestinal permeation. In situ intestinal absorption studies suggested that the jejunum and ileum were the best absorption segments in the intestinal tract. Additionally, biodistribution results revealed that GPP3 micelles could be remarkably taken up by the jejunum and ileum. Pharmacokinetics revealed that the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0–24) for CUR@GPP3 micelles were both significantly increased, and that the relative bioavailability of CUR@GPP3 micelles to CUR-loaded mPEG-PLA/TPGS micelles (CUR@PP micelles) was 258.8%. Furthermore, CUR-loaded micelles could reduce damage to the liver and intestinal tissues. This study highlights the importance of Gal content in the design of targeting nanocarrier Gal-modified micelles, which have broad prospects for oral delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Therefore, they could serve as a promising candidate for targeted delivery to the liver.
•An anti-tetrachiral cellular structure composed of flexible beams is proposed.•Closed-form solutions of elastic constants of the structure are obtained.•The light-weight structure shows highly ...tunable elastic moduli and Poisson's ratio.
To provide better solutions for compliant structures, in this paper, an anti-tetrachiral cellular structure with low in-plane stiffness and high auxeticity is proposed. Closed-form solutions of the structure's elastic indicators are theoretically obtained via the energy method, and then numerically verified by using finite element method. The in-plane elastic performance is also discussed through parameter analysis. Results show that the structure has very much low effective moduli and negative Poisson's ratio, exhibiting significantly enhanced deformability and auxeticity. Compared with the conventional anti-tetrachiral structure with rigid central rings, the proposed structure with fully flexible beams shows superior in-plane compliance. As a kind of auxetic structure with highly tunable effective moduli and Poisson's ratio, the proposed structure has great engineering potential in developing new types of morphing, protecting or buffering structures in aerospace, marine, medical and other fields.
In this paper, we develop a novel file sharing system based on a mixture distribution model working in the BitTorrentlike p2p networks. The BitTorrent's built-in "tit-for-tat" unchoking mechanism ...delays the initial file sharing process for newly joined peers as well as brings the problem of free-riding that peers only download from others but never contribute to the network. We demonstrate a file sharing mechanism which allows peers to share pieces according to different mixture distributions. The mechanism utilizes the historical contributions of peers in the network to inspire cooperation among peers, Along with the mixture distribution model, the peers can only obtain the whole file by contributing to the network continuously which deters the free-riding behaviors. We theoretically prove that the peers take the truthful revealing as their dominant strategy and our system can speed up the initial process of file sharing. The experiments show that the proposed system performs well and has good scalability, as well as prevents the free-riding problem elegantly.
The objective of this letter is to find a distance metric between reflectance spectra that is not sensitive to the variations on the soil reflectance induced by the geometry of solar-view angles. ...This is motivated by the fact that differences between spectra measured for the same soil under different observation and illumination configurations can lead to misclassifications. Using 26 soils of different compositions simulated with Hapke's model and 92 soils of different compositions measured under 28 solar-view angle geometries in laboratory conditions, we tested three metrics, namely, root-mean-square error, spectral angle mapper, and R 2 (the coefficient of determination), and we compared their efficiency. The best results are obtained with the coefficient of determination with 93% of good classifications.
Objective: The objective of this paper was to identify the disrupted pathways associated with colon cancer at a network level based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and pathway analysis.
...Materials and Methods: First of all, the Affymetrix microarray data of colon cancer, human PPIs relationships, and human pathways existed in the database were recruited and preprocessed. Second, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between colon cancer and normal controls were identified. In the following, an objective PPI network was constructed using these DEGs. Ultimately, we calculated the disrupted pathways based on the intersection between pathway network and the objective network. Meanwhile, the topological centrality (degree) analysis was performed to explore the hub genes in the objective network.
Results: In our study, an objective network consisted of 2288 PPI pairs by 574 DEGs were constructed. In addition, ten disrupted pathways whose number of intersection was not <22 between objective network and each pathway, as well as P < 0.05, was selected. Furthermore, a total of 22 hub genes in the objective network were selected based on degree >30. Last, seven out of the above ten pathways were validated to involve in the intersections of pathway network and objective network. Moreover, cell cycle was the most significant disrupted pathway.
Conclusions: We successfully identified several biologically disrupted pathways, and these pathways might be potential biomarkers in detection and treatment for colon cancer.
PDF