Summary Adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs) from various anatomical sites harbor a translocation t(6;9)(q22-23;p23-24), resulting in MYB-NFIB gene fusion. This gene fusion is not well studied in mammary ...ACCs, and there are no studies examining this abnormality in solid variant of ACC with basaloid features (SBACC), a high-grade variant thought to behave more aggressively than ACCs with conventional histologic growth. Our aim was to investigate the frequency of MYB-NFIB gene fusion in mammary ACCs with a focus paid to SBACC. MYB rearrangement and MYB-NFIB fusion were assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Histologic features and the presence of MYB rearrangement were correlated with clinical outcome. MYB rearrangement was present in 7 (22.6%) of 31 mammary ACCs (5/15 33.3% ACCs with conventional growth; 2/16 12.5% SBACCs). One patient with conventional ACC developed distant metastasis, and no patients had axillary lymph node involvement by ACC (mean follow-up, 34 months; range, 12-84 months). Two patients with SBACC had axillary lymph node involvement at initial surgery, and 2 additional patients experienced disease recurrence (1 local, 1 distant; mean follow-up, 50 months; range, 9-192 months). MYB-NFIB fusion status did not correlate with clinical outcome in studied patients. We confirm that MYB - NFIB gene fusion is observed in mammary ACCs and that a subset lacks this abnormality. This study is the first to confirm the presence of MYB rearrangement in SBACC. Additional validation with long-term follow-up is needed to determine the relationship, if any, between MYB-NFIB gene fusion and clinical outcome.
Mammary myofibroblastoma is a benign spindle cell tumor that can show variable morphologic patterns and lines of differentiation. Myofibroblastoma belongs to a family of CD34-positive tumors with ...similar morphology that show a deletion of 13q14, which includes RB1 and FOXO1A genes. A subset of these tumors demonstrates distinct smooth muscle differentiation which can be confused with other smooth muscle tumors of the breast, itself constituting a rarified morphological subgroup. We aimed to characterize 4 cases of the leiomyomatous variant of myofibroblastoma arising in the breast by clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular means. All 4 examples arose in women aged 41–62 years (median, 46.5 years). Tumors ranged in size from 1.7 to 2.5 cm (median, 2.2 cm). Morphologically, all tumors were characterized by bundles of smooth muscle cells with elongated cigar-shaped nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. All four tumors showed diffuse positive staining with desmin, caldesmon, smooth muscle actin (SMA), estrogen receptor (ER), and Bcl-2. CD34 staining was diffusely positive in two cases, weak and patchy in one case, and was negative in one case. Two of four (50%) tumors showed deletion of RB1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Loss of Rb staining was seen in one tumor with RB1 deletion by FISH, while intact Rb staining was observed in one non-deleted case studied. In conclusion, this rare variant of myofibroblastoma is a distinct subgroup of tumors among an already uncommon category of (smooth muscle) breast tumors. Some reported examples of “parenchymal leiomyoma” may represent the leiomyomatous variant of myofibroblastoma.
Ultrasound is a critical non-invasive test for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Deep learning is making advances in image-recognition tasks; therefore, we aimed to develop a deep ...convolutional neural network (DCNN) model that automates evaluation of ultrasound images and to facilitate a more accurate diagnosis of ovarian cancer than existing methods.
In this retrospective, multicentre, diagnostic study, we collected pelvic ultrasound images from ten hospitals across China between September 2003, and May 2019. We included consecutive adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with adnexal lesions in ultrasonography and healthy controls and excluded duplicated cases and patients without adnexa or pathological diagnosis. For DCNN model development, patients were assigned to the training dataset (34 488 images of 3755 patients with ovarian cancer, 541 442 images of 101 777 controls). For model validation, patients were assigned to the internal validation dataset (3031 images of 266 patients with ovarian cancer, 5385 images of 602 with benign adnexal lesions), external validation datasets 1 (486 images of 67 with ovarian cancer, 933 images of 268 with benign adnexal lesions), and 2 (1253 images of 166 with ovarian cancer, 5257 images of 723 benign adnexal lesions). Using these datasets, we assessed the diagnostic value of DCNN, compared DCNN with 35 radiologists, and explored whether DCNN could augment the diagnostic accuracy of six radiologists. Pathological diagnosis was the reference standard.
For DCNN to detect ovarian cancer, AUC was 0·911 (95% CI 0·886–0·936) in the internal dataset, 0·870 (95% CI 0·822–0·918) in external validation dataset 1, and 0·831 (95% CI 0·793–0·869) in external validation dataset 2. The DCNN model was more accurate than radiologists at detecting ovarian cancer in the internal dataset (88·8% vs 85·7%) and external validation dataset 1 (86·9% vs 81·1%). Accuracy and sensitivity of diagnosis increased more after DCNN-assisted diagnosis than assessment by radiologists alone (87·6% 85·0–90·2 vs 78·3% 72·1–84·5, p<0·0001; 82·7% 78·5–86·9 vs 70·4% 59·1–81·7, p<0·0001). The average accuracy of DCNN-assisted evaluations for six radiologists reached 0·876 and were significantly augmented when they were DCNN-assisted (p<0·05).
The performance of DCNN-enabled ultrasound exceeded the average diagnostic level of radiologists matched the level of expert ultrasound image readers, and augmented radiologists’ accuracy. However, these observations warrant further investigations in prospective studies or randomised clinical trials.
National Key Basic Research Program of China, National Sci-Tech Support Projects, and National Natural Science Foundation of China.
Abstract Background Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) improves skin flap function and inhibits partial necrosis induced by ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Our study aimed to evaluate the mechanism ...underlying HBO regulation of the antiapoptosis factors associated with I/R injury of skin flaps. Methods The rats were divided into sham surgery, I/R, and HBO groups. Rats from the HBO group received HBO preconditioning followed by I/R surgery. Blood perfusion of the skin flaps was measured with laser Doppler flowmeters. Tissue morphology and apoptosis were subsequently assessed based on hematoxylin-eosinhe and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining. Protein expression of phosphorylated apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (pASK-1), phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (pJNK), B-cell lymphoma- 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax) was examined by immunodetection, and Bcl-2 messenger RNA expression was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, caspase-3 activity was also measured. Results The result of microcirculation analysis showed that the survival and blood perfusion rates significantly increased in the skin flap after HBO exposure. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining revealed that cell apoptosis was significantly attenuated in the HBO group. Furthermore, HBO preconditioning increased the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibited pASK-1, pJNK, and Bax expression as determined by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Caspase-3 activity and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio declined in the HBO group. Conclusions HBO preconditioning effectively ameliorates I/R injury by regulating the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 and/or c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway and anti- and proapoptosis factors.
CXCL12 and CXCR4 in adenocarcinoma of the lung: Association with metastasis and survival Wagner, Patrick L., MD; Hyjek, Elizabeth, MD; Vazquez, Madeline F., MD ...
Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery/The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery/The journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery,
03/2009, Letnik:
137, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Objectives Although the chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 have been implicated in metastasis of non–small cell lung carcinoma, the prognostic significance of these molecules is poorly defined. ...This study aimed to determine whether expression of these molecules is associated with clinicopathologic features and disease-free survival in non–small cell lung carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical staining for CXCL12 and CXCR4 was performed on 154 primary non–small cell lung carcinomas. Staining intensity was compared with tumor histotype, TNM stage, and disease-free survival; correlation was assessed by using the Fisher's exact test, and Kaplan–Meier and Cox multivariate proportional hazards regression analysis. Results Intense CXCL12 immunostaining was associated with nodal metastasis, although no difference in survival was observed. The prognostic relevance of CXCR4 was dependent on its subcellular location: in univariate analysis intense nuclear staining was significantly associated with lower T classification and improved disease-free survival in patients with adenocarcinoma, whereas cytomembranous staining was associated with distant metastasis and decreased disease-free survival. On multivariate analysis, cytomembranous CXCR4 expression conferred a significantly worse disease-free survival (relative risk, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.4–5.7; P = .004). Conclusions Cytomembranous expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in adenocarcinoma of the lung is an independent risk factor associated with worse disease-free survival, whereas nuclear staining confers a survival benefit. These findings are consistent with a model in which CXCR4 promotes tumor cell proliferation and metastasis when present in the cytoplasm or cell membrane, whereas localization of this molecule in the nucleus prevents it from exerting these effects.
A partial wave analysis is presented of
J
/
ψ
→
ϕ
π
+
π
−
and
ϕ
K
+
K
−
from a sample of 58M
J
/
ψ
events in the BES II detector. The
f
0
(
980
)
is observed clearly in both sets of data, and ...parameters of the Flatté formula are determined accurately:
M
=
965
±
8
(
stat
)
±
6
(
syst
)
MeV
/
c
2
,
g
1
=
165
±
10
±
15
MeV
/
c
2
,
g
2
/
g
1
=
4.21
±
0.25
±
0.21
. The
ϕ
π
π
data also exhibit a strong
ππ peak centred at
M
=
1335
MeV
/
c
2
. It may be fitted with
f
2
(
1270
)
and a dominant
0
+
signal made from
f
0
(
1370
)
interfering with a smaller
f
0
(
1500
)
component. There is evidence that the
f
0
(
1370
)
signal is resonant, from interference with
f
2
(
1270
)
. There is also a state in
ππ with
M
=
1790
−30
+40
MeV
/
c
2
and
Γ
=
270
−30
+60
MeV
/
c
2
; spin 0 is preferred over spin 2. This state,
f
0
(
1790
)
, is distinct from
f
0
(
1710
)
. The
ϕ
K
K
¯
data contain a strong peak due to
f
2
′
(
1525
)
. A shoulder on its upper side may be fitted by interference between
f
0
(
1500
)
and
f
0
(
1710
)
.
Study of J/ψ→ωK+K Bai, J.Z.; Ban, Y.; Chi, S.P. ...
Physics letters. B,
12/2004, Letnik:
603, Številka:
3-4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
New data are presented on J/ψ→ωK+K− from a sample of 58M J/ψ events in the upgraded BES II detector at the BEPC. There is a conspicuous signal for f0(1710)→K+K− and a peak at higher mass which may be ...fitted with f2(2150)→KK¯. From a combined analysis with ωπ+π− data, the branching ratio BR(f0(1710)→ππ)/BR(f0(1710)→KK¯) is <0.11 at the 95% confidence level.
Using data collected with the BESII detector at Beijing Electron–Positron Collider, the measurements of relative branching fractions for seven Cabibbo-suppressed hadronic weak decays D0→K−K+, π−π+, ...K−K+π+π− and π−π+π+π−, D+→K¯0K+, K−K+π+ and π−π+π+ are presented.
PDF
