This article uses actual word-of-mouth (WOM) information to examine the dynamic patterns of WOM and how it helps explain the box office revenue. The WOM data were collected from the Yahoo Movies Web ...site. The results show that WOM activities are the most active during prerelease and the opening week and that movie audiences tend to hold relatively high expectations before release but become more critical in the opening week. More important, WOM information offers significant exploratory power for both aggregate and weekly box office revenue, especially in the early weeks after a movie opens. However, most of this explanatory power comes from the volume of WOM and not from its valence, as measured by the percentages of positive and negative messages. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
NiTi shape memory alloys are used in practice in their polycrystalline form and usually consist of strong textures. The present research aims to understand the anisotropy in the stress–strain curve ...of a superelastic NiTi thin sheet. Tensile tests were conducted along various directions between rolling and transverse directions. It was observed for the first time that, although the shape of the stress–strain curve is strongly orientation dependent, the shape recovery strain which is as high as 9% is nearly orientation independent. Through texture and crystallographic analysis, the most favorably oriented martensite variants with respect to each deformation direction were determined and the corresponding theoretical transformation strains were calculated. The relation between the theoretical transformation strain and the shape of the stress–strain curve was further analyzed. Results show that the magnitude of the plateau-strain in the stress–strain curve is determined by the formation of the most favorably oriented martensite variants, while the magnitude of shape recovery strain which is independent of the plateau-strain is determined by the reverse transformation of both favorably and less-favorably oriented martensite variants.
Two approaches were taken to determine the most favorable martensite variants and the corresponding theoretical transformation strains. One is based on the resulted transformation strain according to austenite–martensite lattice correspondence, and the other is based on the Schmid factor. Interestingly, both methods have led to the same sets of martensite variant hence the same values of theoretical transformation strain. This is discussed based on recent observations of the stress-induced martensite in NiTi.
Data visualization plays a crucial role in illustrating results and sharing knowledge among researchers. Though many types of visualization tools are widely used, most of them require enough coding ...experience or are designed for specialized usages, or are not free. Here, we present ImageGP, a specialized visualization platform designed for biology and chemistry data illustration. ImageGP could generate generalized plots like lines, bars, scatters, boxes, sets, heatmaps, and histograms with the most common input content in a user‐friendly interface. Normally plotting using ImageGP only needs a few mouse clicks. For some plots, one only needs to just paste data and click submit to get the visualization results. Additionally, ImageGP supplies up to 26 parameters to meet customizable requirements. ImageGP also contains specialized plots like volcano plot, functional enrichment plot for most omics‐data analysis, and other four specialized functions for microbiome analysis. Since 2017, ImageGP has been running for nearly 5 years and serving 336,951 visits from all over the world. Together, ImageGP (http://www.ehbio.com/ImageGP/) is an effective and efficient tool for experimental researchers to comprehensively visualize and interpret data generated from wet‐lab and dry‐lab.
Representative visualization results of ImageGP. ImageGP supports 16 types of images (including heatmap, volcano plot, enrichment bubble plot) and four types of online analysis with up to 26 parameters for customization.
Highlights
Publication‐quality visualization results.
Easy to use and customize.
Reproducible results with scripts.
The use of formic acid (FA) to produce molecular H2 is a promising means of efficient energy storage in a fuel‐cell‐based hydrogen economy. To date, there has been a lack of heterogeneous catalyst ...systems that are sufficiently active, selective, and stable for clean H2 production by FA decomposition at room temperature. For the first time, we report that flexible pyridinic‐N‐doped carbon hybrids as support materials can significantly boost the efficiency of palladium nanoparticle for H2 generation; this is due to prominent surface electronic modulation. Under mild conditions, the optimized engineered Pd/CN0.25 catalyst exhibited high performance in both FA dehydrogenation (achieving almost full conversion, and a turnover frequency of 5530 h−1 at 25 °C) and the reversible process of CO2 hydrogenation into FA. This system can lead to a full carbon‐neutral energy cycle.
Pyridinic‐N‐tuned catalysis: An electron‐rich pyridinic‐N dopant modulates the electronic interactions between the active sites of palladium nanoparticles and the carbon support. Formic acid dehydrogenation at room temperature is significantly boosted by the pyridinic‐N‐doped palladium catalyst, presenting an efficient and reliable route to clean H2 generation and sustainable energy storage.
Summary
This paper contributes to dynamic surface asymptotic tracking for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in strict‐feedback form. By utilizing the nonlinear filters with a positive ...time‐varying integral function, an adaptive state feedback controller is explicitly designed via a dynamic surface approach, where the compensating term with the estimate of an unknown bound is introduced to eliminate the effect raised by the boundary layer error at each step. Compared with the existing results in the literature, the proposed control scheme not only avoids the issue of “explosion of complexity” inherent in the backstepping procedure but also holds the asymptotic output tracking. Finally, simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
lAt present, there are few investigations on students, especially primary school students. The subjects of this investigation are college students and primary school students.lSomatizatic symptoms ...were used as outcome variables, and the concern of epidemic situation was used as research factors.lUse the Somatic Self-rating Scale (SSS) suitable for Chinese native population.lDifferent stress manifestations of college students and primary school students were analyzed respectively, and relevant suggestions were provided.
The rapid, ongoing and worldwide coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents a global public health emergency. Our objective was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on somatic symptoms among Chinese college and primary school students, to provide reference data pertaining to the mental health of this population in the context of a public health emergency. In February and March 2020, we explored the somatic symptoms and concerns regarding COVID-19 of 399 college and primary school students in Sichuan Province using the Somatic Self-rating Scale (SSS) and a novel questionnaire, respectively. Logistic regression analysis and non-parametric tests were used to analyze the data. The incidence of somatic symptoms among college students was 34.85 (mild, 26.26%; moderate, 8.59%). The incidence of somatic symptoms in primary school students was 2.39% (all mild). Among the entire cohort, concern regarding COVID-19 was positively correlated with the occurrence of somatic symptoms. Somatic symptoms were more likely among college students expressing greater concern regarding the threat to life and health posed by COVID-19, and the efficacy of prevention and control measures. Among primary school students, only the concern for life and health was associated with a higher likelihood of somatic symptoms. Our data indicate that governments and other relevant agencies should implement different measures to prevent and control mental health disorders diseases in primary school and college students.
Since December 2019, novel coronavirus infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China. In severe novel coronavirus pneumonia cases, the number of platelets, their ...dynamic changes during the treatment, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were a concern. We sought to describe the platelet feature of these cases. Single‐center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID)‐19 in Huizhou municipal central hospital from January 2020 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, blood routine results, other laboratory results, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of severe patients and nonsevere patients were compared. Univariate analysis showed that: age, platelet peaks, and PLR at peak platelet were the influencing factors in severe patients, multivariate analysis showed that the PLR value at peak platelet during treatment was an independent influencing factor in severe patients. The average hospitalization day of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was longer than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The average age of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was older than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The patients with significantly elevated platelets during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. And the higher PLR of patients during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. Single‐center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID‐19 in Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, presumed that the number of platelets and their dynamic changes during the treatment may have a suggestion on the severity and prognosis of the disease. The patient with markedly elevated platelets and longer average hospitalization days may be related to the cytokine storm. The PLR of patients means the degree of cytokine storm, which might provide a new indicator in the monitoring in patients with COVID‐19.
This study employs a multiple-case study method, identifies barriers to the adoption of low carbon production, and categorizes these barriers into four domains: structural, regulatory, cultural, and ...contextual. The two most frequently mentioned barriers were “lack of financial incentives to stimulate low carbon innovation” and “lack of a common definition of low carbon production”. The two least frequently mentioned barriers were “silos exist between planning and production” and “operational staff are often physically separated from planning staff, which isolates them from planning decisions”. Furthermore, contextual barriers were significantly related to structural and regulatory barriers, while regulatory barriers were significantly related to structural barriers. Larger firms tend to have a more structured organization and lower perceptions of the employment term barrier. However, larger structured organizations have been affected by a long history of a planning-oriented economy and hence tend to have inflexible hierarchical systems. In contrast, small firms have hierarchical systems with less effect on low carbon production than those of large enterprises. Another interesting trend is the direct size effect on cultural barriers, which is evident in a culture of risk aversion, as well as the lack of low carbon technology and the existence of silos between planning and production.
•Barriers were categorized as structural, regulatory, cultural and contextual.•Contextual barriers were significantly related to structural and regulatory barriers.•Regulatory barriers were significantly related to structural barriers.•Firm size directly affected firm hierarchical systems and cultural barriers.
Optical forces, generally arising from changes of field gradients or linear momentum carried by photons, form the basis for optical trapping and manipulation. Advances in optical forces help to ...reveal the nature of light–matter interactions, giving answers to a wide range of questions and solving problems across various disciplines, and are still yielding new insights in many exciting sciences, particularly in the fields of biological technology, material applications, and quantum sciences. This review focuses on recent advances in optical forces, ranging from fundamentals to applications for biological exploration. First, the basics of different types of optical forces with new light–matter interaction mechanisms and near‐field techniques for optical force generation beyond the diffraction limit with nanometer accuracy are described. Optical forces for biological applications from in vitro to in vivo are then reviewed. Applications from individual manipulation to multiple assembly into functional biophotonic probes and soft‐matter superstructures are discussed. At the end future directions for application of optical forces for biological exploration are provided.
Optical forces form the basis for optical trapping and manipulation, and are of critical importance in various disciplines from fundamental research to practical applications. Advances in optical forces have made significant impact for biological exploration both in vitro and in vivo, with applications from individual manipulation and analysis to multiple assembly and detection.
This paper presents a speed estimation scheme by combining a second-order sliding-mode observer (SMO) with the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) in the sensorless-vector-controlled linear ...induction motor (LIM) drives for medium-low speed maglev applications. A state space-vector model of the LIM considering the dynamic end effects is rearranged in order to be represented by the form of the super-twisting algorithm (STA). Then, an STA-SMO-based stator current observer of the LIM with Popov's hyperstability theory is designed, which is used to replace the reference model of the MRAS-based scheme. Correspondingly, the actual stator current model is regarded as the adaptive model of the MRAS for speed estimation. Meanwhile, because the variation of stator resistance associated with stator temperature may lead to a large estimated error and even system instability, a parallel stator resistance on-line identification scheme is adopted in the proposed speed estimation scheme to reduce the speed error and improve the stability of the sensorless control system. Compared to the speed estimation schemes based on the Luerberger observer with MRAS and the single-manifold SMO, the proposed speed estimation scheme exhibits better estimated performance. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed speed estimation scheme have been verified by simulation and hardware-in-the-loop tests.
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