Wittgenstein’s Turn from Models to Modeling Krkač, Kristijan; Lukin, Josip
Disputatio philosophica : international journal on philosophy and religion,
02/2022, Letnik:
23, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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We present a solution to the difference between Wittgenstein’s use of model in TLP and modeling in PI, RFM and OC by means of analysis of the difference in word choices and concept descriptions of ...the phenomena in his remarks. The method we used is conceptual analysis of Wittgenstein’s
treatments of scientific models and modeling. Additionally, textual analysis and textual comparison are used in the study of his major remarks on the subject. Given the discovered difference between model and modeling and the continuity of dependence of both concepts on the concept of picture, with the difference between picture and picturing implied, we suggest that Wittgenstein tried to incorporate his old concept of model into the new concept of modeling. The explicated difference and incorporation contribute to the clarification of the issues of Wittgenstein’s indirect and direct influence on philosophy of science (especially on Toulmin, Hanson, Kuhn and Feyerabend).
U tekstu izlažemo rješenje razlike između Wittgensteinove uporabe modela
u TLP i modeliranja u PI, RFM i OC temeljem analize razlike u izboru samih riječi i opisa pojmova fenomena u njegovim napomenama. Metoda je pojmovna analiza Wittgensteinova tretiranja znanstvenih modela i modeliranja. Dodatno, tekstualna raščlamba i poredba korištena je pri istraživanju njegovih glavnih napomena na tu temu. Ako je otkrivena razlika između modela i modeliranja i kontinuitet ovisnosti oba pojma o pojmu slike, pri čemu je razlika slike i oslikavanja uzeta kao zadana, zaključujemo kako je Wittgenstein svoj stari pojam modela nastojao inkorporirati u novi pojam modeliranja. Eksplicirana razlika i inkorporiranje pridonosi pojašnjenju teme Wittgensteinovog posrednog i neposrednog utjecaja na filozofiju znanosti (napose Toulmina, Hansona, Kuhna i Feyerabenda).
U tekstu izlažemo rješenje razlike između Wittgensteinove uporabe modela u TLP i modeliranja u PI, RFM i OC temeljem analize razlike u izboru samih riječi i opisa pojmova fenomena u njegovim ...napomenama. Metoda je pojmovna analiza Wittgensteinova tretiranja znanstvenih modela i modeliranja. Dodatno, tekstualna raščlamba i poredba korištena je pri istraživanju njegovih glavnih napomena na tu temu. Ako je otkrivena razlika između modela i modeliranja i kontinuitet ovisnosti oba pojma o pojmu slike, pri čemu je razlika slike i oslikavanja uzeta kao zadana, zaključujemo kako je Wittgenstein svoj stari pojam modela nastojao inkorporirati u novi pojam modeliranja. Eksplicirana razlika i inkorporiranje pridonosi pojašnjenju teme Wittgensteinovog posrednog i neposrednog utjecaja na filozofiju znanosti (napose Toulmina, Hansona, Kuhna i Feyerabenda).
In the paper authors present, examine, and test elements of the vital idea of the philosophical morphology as a method and a technique of philosophical investigation. The paper consists of some ...applications mostly concerning the method applied by L. Wittgenstein in PI and related later works, and of a series of examples concerning daily phenomena. In the first part the philosophical morphology is explicated as a method, and in the second and in the third part basic “commandments” of morphological technique are described and examined, namely the first one – which says that one should “look-at exhaustively”, and the second one – which says that one should “see-as and describe synoptically”. In these parts some objections and replies to crucial morphological ideas are provided and accompanied with examples.
Wittgenstein – morfolog I Krkač, Kristijan; Lukin, Josip
Synthesis philosophica,
02/2009, Letnik:
23, Številka:
2
Paper
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U prvome dijelu autori istražuju Wittgensteina kao morfologa. Objašnjavaju njegov pojam preglednog prikaza i veza viđenja (FI: 122 i povezane tekstove i komentare) kao njegov opis metode, a također ...daju neke bilješke o autorima koji su na njega utjecali po tim stvarima (Goethe i Spengler). Pored toga, autori sažimaju neka mjesta iz Wittgensteina i komentara glede njegove morfološke metode i neke očigledne primjene iste. Glavni je cilj komentirati FI: 122 i GB: 133, a jasno shvatljiva prezentacija izgleda da je pojmovno istraživanje koje se sastoji u pronalaženju sličnosti i analogija između mnogih, te na prvi pogled posve različitih i nepovezanih slučajeva (upotrebe riječi), što u stvari znači morfologiju kao metodu.
U drugome dijelu autori istražuju Wittgensteina kao morfologa. Raspravljaju narav morfologije glede gramatike, običaja i institucija, te pokušavaju učiniti smislenim prednosti i nedostatke morfologije glede metode filozfskog istraživanja. Priznavanje uloge morfologiji pomaže nam bolje razumjeti kasnog Wittgensteina. To nam daje jasno shvatljivu predstavu (barem nekih dijelova) FI. U ovome članku, autori također pokušavaju izići na kraj s nekim važnim prigovorima morfološke metode citirajući Wittgensteina. Ono što je morfološki važno jest organizacija fenomena, njihov obrazac kojeg se treba vidjeti kako bi se mogao razumjeti. Postoji također distinkcija u pojmu morfologije, naime morfologije kao metode, te morfologije kao strukture ili organizacije, kada se objašnjava iz fenomena.
The nucleobase adenine plays a pivotal role in the chemistry of life but is also becoming increasingly interesting as a building block in the synthesis of functional solid materials. Although ...commercially available as a solid, adenine’s solid-state chemistry has so far been neglected. In this comprehensive study it is shown that adenine is most often marketed as a mixture of two polymorphs, one previously known and a new polymorph. Both polymorphs exhibit layered structures with different hydrogen-bonding patterns within layers. The crystal structure of the new polymorph was elucidated using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Polymorph occurrence conditions, interconversion, and the difference in their thermodynamic stability were established theoretically and experimentally revealing the polymorph with Z′ = 2 (known) as stable relative to the polymorph with Z′ = 1 (new). The adenine layers in both polymorphs are connected by weak interactions likely resulting in stacking faults which are manifested in anisotropic line broadening of their powder diffraction patterns. Analysis of a few commercial samples of adenine revealed them all to be a polymorph mixture, which could be inconvenient in experiments where properties of the solid material could be relevant.
The exciting life of a small adenine molecule Jung, Dubravka Sisak; Stolar, Tomislav; Lukin, Stipe ...
Acta crystallographica. Section A, Foundations and advances,
08/2016, Letnik:
72, Številka:
a1
Journal Article
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