The article presents experimental results of changes in the dielectric and mechanical characteristics of spheroplastics based on an organosilicon elastomer and metallized glass microspheres caused by ...static and shock compression. Two regions of the frequency dispersion of the dielectric constant are established that are associated with the metal coating of microspheres. It was found that both the low- and high-frequency dispersions of the complex dielectric constant decrease sharply at a relative compressive strain of no less than 70%. Possible causes of the detected change in the complex permittivity are discussed.
The characteristics and parameters of an overstressed high-current discharge with a duration of 100–150 ns in air, which was ignited between an aluminum electrode and a chalcopyrite electrode (CuInSe
...2
), are presented. The air pressure was 13.3 and 101.3 kPa. In the process of microexplosions of inhomogeneities on the working surfaces of electrodes in a strong electric field, aluminum vapors and chalcopyrite vapors were introduced into the interelectrode gap, which creates the prerequisites for the synthesis of thin films based on quaternary chalcopyrite: CuAlInSe
2
. The films synthesized from the products of electrode destruction were deposited on a quartz plate at a distance of 2–3 cm from the center of the discharge gap. The current and voltage pulses across the discharge gap of
d
= 1 mm, as well as the pulse energy input into the discharge, were investigated. The plasma emission spectra were studied, which made it possible to establish the main decay products of the chalcopyrite molecule and the energy states of atoms and singly charged ions of aluminum, copper and indium, which are formed in the discharge. The reference spectral lines of atoms and ions of aluminum, copper, and indium were established, which can be used to control the process of deposition of thin films of quaternary chalcopyrite. Thin films were synthesized from the degradation products of chalcopyrite molecules and aluminum vapors, which may have the composition of the quaternary chalcopyrite CuAlInSe
2
; the transmission spectra of the synthesized films in the spectral range of 200–800 nm were studied. By the method of numerical simulation of the plasma parameters of an overstressed nanosecond discharge based on aluminum and chalcopyrite vapors in air by solving the Boltzmann kinetic equation for the electron energy distribution function, the electron temperature and density, the specific power losses of the discharge for the main electronic processes and their rate constants depending on the value parameter
E
/
N
for plasma of vapor-gas mixtures based on air, aluminum vapor, and ternary chalcopyrite were modulated.
The space observatory GAMMA-400 is processed currently in accordance with the Federal Space Program of the Russian Federation for 2016–2025. The observatory includes a gamma-ray telescope for ...experimental studies of gamma rays in the energy range from ~20 MeV to ~1 TeV with high angular and energy resolution, as well as for research of electrons + positrons at energies above 100 GeV in both the main (top-down), and lateral apertures. At present time, there are experimental indications concerning the possibility of existing of spectrum break in electrons + positrons intensities about TeV energies. This point stimulates several speculations to explain such phenomena. In this paper we examined capabilities of GAMMA-400 telescope to explore this problem. The methods for electron detection in the energy range from 100 GeV up to 10 TeV from the lateral aperture of a gamma-ray telescope are presented. Also, the results of calculation for proton rejection factor and for electron acceptance are revealed.
The future space-based GAMMA-400
-ray telescope will operate onboard the Russian astrophysical observatory in a highly elliptic orbit during 7 years. Observing
-ray sources from Galactic plane,
-ray ...bursts,
-ray diffuse emission,
rays from the Sun, and
rays from dark matter particles will be performed uninterruptedly for a long time (
100 days) in point-source mode in contrast to scanning mode for Fermi-LAT and other space- and ground-based instruments. GAMMA-400 will measure
rays in the energy range from
20 MeV to several TeV units, have the unprecedented angular (
at
GeV) and energy (
at
GeV) resolutions better than for Fermi-LAT, as well as ground-based
-ray facilities, by a factor of 5–10, and perfectly separate
rays from cosmic-ray background.
The characteristics of an overstressed, high-current nanosecond discharge in atmospheric air between zinc, copper, and iron electrodes are given with a distance between the electrodes of 1–3 mm. It ...is established that this discharge is a point source of ultraviolet radiation in the spectral range of 200–300 nm and a nanoparticle stream of zinc, copper, and iron oxides. The optimization results of the UV emitter depending on the pumping conditions and parameters of the discharge medium, as well as the optical characteristics of the film nanostructures of transition metal oxides deposited on the surface of a glass substrate, are presented.
Introduction.
The changes that have occurred in recent years in Russian society have had a negative impact on the formation of spiritual and moral orientations and values of young students, and in ...general on the development of the personality of a modern growing person. Increasingly, the idols of young people are bloggers who demonstrate and popularize deviant behavior, lack of spirituality, immorality, lack of citizenship. The development of media education, information, spiritual, linguistic security, according to the authors, contribute to civic maturation and the formation of young students in a new, rather aggressive, cultural and information space, which today is becoming one of the most important means of managing the spiritual and moral basis of human life.
Materials and Methods.
Theoretical methods: comparative analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, methodological literature; method of scientific synthesis of factual materials. The methodological basis consists of systemic, personal-activity and cultural approaches.
Results.
The scientific research reveals the goals and functions of the Center for Spiritual and Moral Education and Civic Education and the Information Center.
Discussion and Conclusions.
The organization of work on the formation of students' spiritual and moral qualities of personality should be carried out in the context of spiritual, media security, psychological, linguistic security.
A bipolar nanosecond discharge with a voltage amplitude of one polarity of 15–40 kV and a current amplitude of 50–150 A in a pulse was ignited at an inter-electrode distance of 0.1 cm and the ...pressure of argon 101 or 202 kPa, at a frequency of the pulse voltage 40–100 Hz. The pulsed electric discharge power was in a range of 5–11 MW, with a plasma energy input of 0.40 and 0.44 J per pulse. Spectroscopic plasma diagnostics showed that the spectral lines of the copper atom in the range 200–230 nm and the spectral lines of the indium atom and Cu
+
and In
+
ions in a longer wavelength range of the spectrum are the most intense. The following lines from the spectral range of 300–460 nm can be used to diagnose the deposition of chalcopyrite films in real time: 307.38 nm Cu(I), 329.05 nm Cu(I), 410.17 nm In(I), 451.13 nm In(I). By solving the Boltzmann kinetic equation for the electron energy distribution function, the temperature and the density of electrons, the specific losses of the discharge power on the main electronic processes and the rate constants of the electronic processes depending on the value of the parameter of the ratio of the electric field strength
E
to the total concentration of Ar atoms and a small admixture of a Cu vapor
N
(
E
/
N
) are simulated. In a discharge in a mixture of copper vapor with argon, the electron temperature increased in a range of 300–110 000 K, with a change in the
E
/
N
parameter from 1 to 1800 Td. The electron concentration was in a range of 2.1 × 10
20
– 2.7 × 10
20
m
–3
, at a current density (612–765) × 10
6
A/m
2
on the electrode surface (at
E
/
N
= 1676 Td). Thin films of chalcopyrite were synthesized on substrates of transparent solid dielectrics, which, in a wide spectral range of 200–800 nm, absorb radiation incident of their surface quite effectively. This opens up prospects for their use in photovoltaic devices. It was shown that the smallest transmission of radiation is characteristic of chalcopyrite films synthesized at atmospheric pressure of argon and air.
A new domestic procedure is described for the installation of “Atlant” anchor piles. Characteristic features and advantages over other procedures are presented.
Despite common use of clopidogrel in patients with vascular disease, monitoring of platelet inhibition is still not conventional in clinical practice. Considering substantial response variability, ...when some patients may experience inadequate protection, and/or increased risk of bleeding, simple and reliable methods to control adequate antiplatelet regimen is mandatory. We validated a new VerifyNow-P2Y12 assay to measure inhibition of the P2Y12 platelet receptors by clopidogrel by evaluating its receptor specificity, precision, and potential interference with platelet count, hematocrit, age, cholesterol, triglycerides, and other antiplatelet agents. Platelet aggregation induced by ADP or ADP + prostaglandin E1 (ADP + PGE1) in the presence of specific P2Y12 inhibitor 2-methylthio-AMP (2MeSAMP) for the assessment of assay specificity was performed in 10 volunteers. Seventeen medications were used for the VerifyNow-P2Y12 interference testing, and assay interplay with blood constituents was evaluated in a clinical setting in 131 patients with coronary artery disease. In the presence of 2MeSAMP, the average residual aggregation level across the 10 donors was 27% for ADP and 5% for ADP + PGE1. There also was a strong agreement between ADP + PGE1 aggregometry and VerifyNow-P2Y12 assay (93% vs. 95% average inhibition across all donors). The coefficient of variation for the test precision was less than 8%. The VerifyNow-P2Y12 readings were not influenced by age, platelet count, hematocrit, fibrinogen, cholesterol, or triglycerides level. There was an interference with abciximab before P2Y12 inhibition; however, after platelet suppression with cilostazol, the interference with all tested substances was minimal. VerifyNow-P2Y12 is a reliable, simple, and sensitive device suitable for monitoring of P2Y12 platelet receptor inhibitors in the clinical arena.
The strength of adhesion of a reinforcing element to cement stone during anchor-pile installation, and its dependence on the composition of the cement grout and the surface condition of the ...reinforcing tube is examined.
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