The development of information technology significantly affects all aspects of business. The rapid development of technology, the turbulence and the dynamics of the environment have greatly ...influenced the digitalization of business in all its spheres. Inter alia, digitalization is increasingly present in the area of accounting, financial reporting and taxation. Digitalization of accounting implies a change in storage and in a way of keeping documents, where documentation no longer exists in a traditional paper-based system but has been fully digitized in electronic form. The introduction of cloud computing has also significantly contributed to the growing trend of digitalization in the area of accounting. On the other hand, there are significant changes in the field of taxation in the context of digitalization. All until recently, the documentation for tax purposes has been submitted exclusively on paper. Globalization has significantly influenced the growth in business volume. Given the growing number of entrepreneurs, it is increasingly difficult for tax administrators to handle this level of growth. Therefore, significant innovations are introduced in the existing taxation system. Given the many positive aspects of digitalization, the paper will explore to what extent digitalization of accounting processes contributes to more efficient business operations and possible cost reduction. Digitalization of the tax system implies the possibility of filing electronic tax returns, but it is also expected that tax administrators will provide a better, streamline service and become more efficient in carrying out their work. In this way, it would leave more space for the owners of the enterprise to deal with their core business, rather than spend time and resources on the often demanding administration. However, in addition to the above, it should be noted that it is especially important to accept the risks and limitations resulting from such ways of doing business. Specifically, electronic business requires good infrastructure for all stakeholders in the process of digitalization. Based on the above, the paper will critically analyze the advantages and potential constraints of digitalization and its impact on the simplification of accounting and taxation processes. The main goal of the paper is to analyze current state and trends in the digitalization of financial reporting and taxation in Croatia. The research methodology includes secondary research of relevant literature as well as the primary desk research of the achieved degree of digitalization in the field of accounting and taxation in the Republic of Croatia. The important finding of the research show that some changes have been made. The basis for the widespread use of electronic business has been introduced. The normative acts which regulate the use of electronic signatures and issuance of e-invoices have been adopted, cloud computing is increasingly evolving, the tax administration continuously expands the offer of its electronic services. Therefore, a significant momentum can be expected in e-business of Croatian economy.
Financial statements represent a great source of information for company's financial position and business performance evaluation. Management judgment depends on the information base which is given ...at the time of judgement. Each judgement is by its nature subjective, so the results of the estimation can differ. Non-current tangible and intangible assets represent a significant proportion of assets of many companies. There is a plenty of space for applying accounting estimates in order to recognise and measure such assets. The research model confirmed the volatility of financial condition and performance of a company as a result of different accounting estimates.
ABSTRACT IN CROATIAN: Uvodenje e-poslovanja donosi brojne koristi osobama ukljucenim u takvo poslovanje. Mnoga su podrucja moguce primjene e-poslovanja kao sto su prodaja, distribucija, bankarstvo. ...Jedno od vaznih podrucja primjene e-poslovanja se odnosi na racunovodstvenu funkciju. Veliki broj malih i srednje velikih poduzeca, koji cine znacajan dio gospodarstva svake zemlje, koristi usluge racunovodstvenih servisa koji postaju znacajni izvor racunovodstvenih informacija. U radu su prezentirani rezultati empirijskog istrazivanja primjene e-poslovanja u u hrvatskim racunovodstvenim servisima koji upucuju na njihovu nedovoljnu primjenu. // ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: E-business has a wide range of benefits for its users. There are many areas of e-business application, such as sales and distribution, banking, investments, etc. An important part of e-business is e-accounting. A great number of small and medium-sized entities, which are a significant part of every country, uses accounting firms services. Therefore accounting firms consitute a key factor of quality accounting information. The paper is meant to summarize the results of the empirical survey for e-business application in the Croatian accounting firms and main features of its insufficient usage. Reprinted by permission of the Croatian Economics Association
Današnje sustave financijskog izvještavanja na međunarodnom razini karakteriziraju brojne različitosti koje uzrokuju čitav niz problema u razumijevanju financijskih izvještaja sastavljenih u ...različitim dijelovima svijeta. Upravo se zbog toga neprestano traže načini da se te razlike uklone što bi donijelo mnogobrojne koristi ne samo korisnicima financijskih izvještaja, nego i ljudima odnosno poduzećima koja ih sastavljaju i to prvenstveno u pogledu reduciranja dijela troškova u edukaciji kadrova, kao i ukidanja uobičajene svjetske prakse dvostrukog sastavljanja financijskih izvještaja sukladno različitim regulativama za kompanije koje imaju podružnice u stranim zemljama. Kako bi se mogle ukloniti razlike u financijskom izvještavanju kojih ima mnogo, potrebno ih je identificirati. U radu su razmotrene postojeće razlike u nacionalnim računovodstvenim sustavima i njihov utjecaj na financijsko izvještavanje na globalnoj razini. Također su identificirani instrumenti koji se koriste kako bi se te razlike reducirale sa svrhom što kvalitetnijeg financijskog izvještavanja.
International financial reporting standards are a unique set of quality accounting standards on a global level. They represent an extremely important source of information for preparing transparent ...and comparable information presented in the form of basic financial statements. International financial reporting standards application is a very complex, professional and demanding subject which connotes a certain knowledge, experience and time as well as statutory obligation for a specific kind of enterprises in the Republic of Croatia. Globalisation and accounting harmonisation processes are the main reason for the frequent changes of these standards. As a result, professional accountants have been faced with even more demanding practical use of those standards. The aim of the paper is to summarize identify and analyse problems of IFRS application in Croatian enterprises suggesting its certain improvements. Reprinted by permission of the Croatian Economics Association
An accounting information system is of a great importance for preparing quality accounting information for a wide range of users. The study elaborates the impact of information technology on ...accounting process and as a consequence on accounting information systems quality. This paper analyzes the basic characteristics of accounting information systems quality, discussing the model of AIS’s quality measurement. The perception of the quality of accounting information systems by accountants in mediumand large companies in Croatia is also presented. The paper presents the historical overview of AIS’s quality based on three empirical studies conducted in 2001, 2008 and 2012.
Uvođenje e-poslovanja donosi brojne koristi osobama uključenim u
takvo poslovanje. Mnoga su područja moguće primjene e-poslovanja kao
što su prodaja, distribucija, bankarstvo. Jedno od važnih ...područja primjene
e-poslovanja se odnosi na računovodstvenu funkciju. Veliki broj malih
i srednje velikih poduzeća, koji čine značajan dio gospodarstva svake
zemlje, koristi usluge računovodstvenih servisa koji postaju značajni izvor
računovodstvenih informacija. U radu su prezentirani rezultati empirijskog
istraživanja primjene e-poslovanja u u hrvatskim računovodstvenim servisima
koji upućuju na njihovu nedovoljnu primjenu.
U radu je analiziran uzorak od 44 srednja i velika poduzeća u grani djelatnosti Informacije i komunikacije u 2009. godini u trogodišnjem razdoblju 2007 - 2009. godine na način da se promatrao utjecaj ...likvidnosti na profitabilnost poduzeća. Analiza je napravljena primjenom horizontalne i vertikalne analize te analizom određenih financijskih pokazatelja. Utvrđeno je da povećanje vrijednosti koeficijenta tekuće likvidnosti utječe na povećanje vrijednosti bruto rentabilnosti imovine. Struktura zastupljenosti poduzeća u pojedinoj grupi ukazuje na to da u grupi koja ima manji koeficijent tekuće likvidnosti prevladavaju poduzeća koja ujedno imaju i manju bruto rentabilnost imovine, te da u grupi koja ima veći koeficijent tekuće likvidnosti prevladavaju poduzeća koja ujedno imaju i veću bruto rentabilnost imovine.
Međunarodni standardi financijskog izvještavanja jedinstveni su set kvalitetnih globalnih računovodstvenih standarda koji predstavljaju podlogu za sastavljanje transparentnih i usporedivih ...računovodstvenih informacija prezentiranih u obliku temeljnih financijskih izvještaja. Primjena Međunarodnih standarda financijskog izvještavanja kao izrazito složene, stručne i zahtjevne materije iziskuje određeno znanje, iskustvo, vrijeme ali i zakonsku obvezu za određene poslovne subjekte u Republici Hrvatskoj. Procesi globalizacije i harmonizacije na području računovodstva značajno su doprinijeli učestalim promjenama ovih standarda što dodatno otežava ionako složenu i zahtjevnu praktičnu primjenu od strane računovođa. U radu su empirijskim istraživanjem identificirani i analizirani problemi primjene MSFI-a kod poduzeća u Republici Hrvatskoj te je ukazano na moguća poboljšanja uočenog postojećeg stanja.
International Accounting Standards Board in February 2007 published on its web site the Exposure Draft of the proposed International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) for small and medium - sized ...entities and made it available to the whole economic public for analysing. This paper elaborates the most of comments regarding the Exposure Draft. Taking into consideration needs of small and medium-sized entities as well as user's needs, every creator of financial reports agrees that proposed IFRS for SMEs are significantly simplified in comparison with the full IFRS. However, they also agree that there is a lot of work to be done in order to create a standard due to the harmonization of accounting standards which is taking place globally. The paper presents an analysis of present accounting solutions for financial reporting of SMEs on the example of selected countries. This is important for analysing the possibility of IFRS for SME's implementation within the present regulatory framework for financial reporting. Reprinted by permission of the Croatian Economics Association
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