This study is focused to investigate the pulsatile flow in the stenotic curved region. Nonlinear equations leading to flow analysis are modeled and simplified by the mild stenotic approximation. ...Region walls are considered to be permeable. Hemodynamic consequences of stenotic lesions are evaluated by the pressure gradient phenomena across stenotic sections. Since the consequence of nanotechnology emphasizes its applications in the medical field and results in enhanced clinical techniques, therefore, in this study, features of nanoparticles are adopted and mediated in a base fluid via hybrid nanofluid approach. From hemodynamics configurations, it is noted that mediation of nanoparticles helps to reduce the impact of stenotic magnitudes.
Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) was devised as a systematic method to assess the extent of early ischemic change on noncontrast CT (NCCT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). ...Our aim was to automate ASPECTS to objectively score NCCT of AIS patients.
We collected NCCT images with a 5-mm thickness of 257 patients with acute ischemic stroke (<8 hours from onset to scans) followed by a diffusion-weighted imaging acquisition within 1 hour. Expert ASPECTS readings on DWI were used as ground truth. Texture features were extracted from each ASPECTS region of the 157 training patient images to train a random forest classifier. The unseen 100 testing patient images were used to evaluate the performance of the trained classifier. Statistical analyses on the total ASPECTS and region-level ASPECTS were conducted.
For the total ASPECTS of the unseen 100 patients, the intraclass correlation coefficient between the automated ASPECTS method and DWI ASPECTS scores of expert readings was 0.76 (95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.83) and the mean ASPECTS difference in the Bland-Altman plot was 0.3 (limits of agreement, -3.3, 2.6). Individual ASPECTS region-level analysis showed that our method yielded κ = 0.60, sensitivity of 66.2%, specificity of 91.8%, and area under curve of 0.79 for 100 × 10 ASPECTS regions. Additionally, when ASPECTS was dichotomized (>4 and ≤4), κ = 0.78, sensitivity of 97.8%, specificity of 80%, and area under the curve of 0.89 were generated between the proposed method and expert readings on DWI.
The proposed automated ASPECTS scoring approach shows reasonable ability to determine ASPECTS on NCCT images in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke.
This article addresses velocity slip and induced magnetic field effects on heat transfer and nanofluid flow toward a curved stretching sheet. For a comprehensive and realistic analysis most commonly, ...used fluids such as water and propylene glycol are taken as the base fluids and single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are treated as the nanoparticles. Carbon nanotubes are considered due to their unusual characteristics like extraordinary thermal conductivity, viscosity, heat capacity, density, etc., which are significant in nanotechnology, electronics and material sciences. Moreover, heat transfer is discussed in the presence of heat generation and radiative heat flux. The curvilinear coordinates system has opted for mathematical formulation. The governing system of equations is simplified by employing similarity analysis. Computational analysis is performed on a reduced system by means of shooting method in computational software MATLAB. The computed distributions of velocity, induced magnetic field and temperature are examined for pertinent emerging parameters graphically. Furthermore, bar charts are drawn for the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number. Some of the major findings include: velocity increased with an increase in surface bendiness. Moreover, the increase in velocity was reported to be slightly more in case of MWCNTs. Fluid flow decelerated with an increase in slip velocity. Reciprocal magnetic Prandtl number contributed to decelerating fluid flow. Moreover, magnetic parameter and
γ
played a significant role in increasing fluid velocity. The presence of CNTs contributed to accelerating fluid flow. Furthermore, the temperature was a decreasing function of surface bendiness. Moreover, the maximum temperature was observed in the case of SWCNTs–PG, while the minimum temperature was reported for MWCNTs–
H
2
O
. Temperature rose for rising values of slip parameter. Reciprocal magnetic Prandtl number, heat generation parameter, thermal radiation and CNTs volumetric fraction contributed in up surging fluid temperature. Furthermore, the Nusselt number was an increasing function of
ϕ
,
β
and
Rd
, whereas the contrary results were noted for
k
,
κ
and
N
. Moreover, the maximum value of Nusselt number was reported for SWCNTs–
H
2
O
. Also, skin friction increased for rising values of
ϕ
, whereas it decreased with an increase in
k
,
κ
and
β
. Furthermore, maximum and minimum skin friction was noted for SWCNTs in case of both base fluids, respectively. The new-fangled results of the present investigation may be valuable in edifying research and in ceramic, plastic and polymer industry.
In the present paper, we have examined the peristaltic flow of Williamson nanofluid in a curved channel comprising compliant walls. The governing equations of a Williamson fluid model with ...nanoparticles for curved channel are derived, including the effects of curvature and heat dissipation. The highly nonlinear, partial differential equations are simplified by using the wave frame transformation, long wave length and low Reynolds number assumptions. The reduced, nonlinear, coupled differential equations are solved analytically with the help of the homotopy perturbation method. The physical features of pertinent parameters have been discussed by plotting the graphs of velocity, temperature, concentration profile and stream functions.
This investigation aims to explain the study of heat transfer and entropy generation of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) viscous fluid flowing through a ciliated tube. Heat transfer study has massive ...importance in various biomedical and biological industry problems. The metachronal wave propagation is the leading cause behind this viscous creeping flow. A low Reynolds number is used as the inertial forces are weaker than viscous forces, and also, creeping flow limitations are fulfilled. For the cilia movement, a very large wavelength of a metachronal wave is taken into account. Entropy generation is used to examine the heat transfer through the flow. Numerical solutions are calculated by using MATHEMATICA. Exact mathematical solutions are calculated and analyzed with the help of graphs. Streamlines are also plotted. An axially symmetric flow as well as temperature profile is revealed through the graphical solutions. Both velocity and temperature profiles attain maximum value in the center of this ciliated tube that eventually declines toward the boundaries.
In the present paper, we have investigated the peristaltic flow of nano fluid in a curved channel with compliant walls. The governing equations of nano fluid model for curved channel are derived ...including the effects of curvature. The highly nonlinear partial differential equations are simplified using the long wave length and low Reynolds number assumptions. The reduced nonlinear partial differential equation is solved analytically with the help of homotopy perturbation method. The physical features of pertinent parameters have been discussed by plotting the graphs of pressure rise, velocity, temperature, nano particle volume fraction and stream functions.
The purpose of the current article is to explore the impact of thermal stratification and medium porosity on gravity-coerced transport of hybrid carbon nanotubes down an upright extending sheet ...inspired by a constant applied magnetic field along with heat transfer investigation in existence of thermal radiation, viscous dispersal, and joule heating effect. Rectangular coordinates are chosen for the mathematical interpretation of the governing flow problem. Homothetic analysis is employed for the sake of simplification process. The reduced system of coupled nonlinear differential equations is dealt numerically by dint of computational software MATLAB inbuilt routine function Bvp4c. The numerical investigation is carried out for the distinct scenarios namely, (i) Presence of favorable buoyancy force, (ii) Case of purely forced convection and (iii) Presence of opposing buoyancy force. Significant Findings: The key findings include that the presence of hybrid carbon nanotubes and medium porosity contributes significantly to upsurging surface shear stress magnitude whereas, external magnetic field and velocity slip effects in an altered manner. The present study may be a benchmark in study of fueling process in space vehicles and space technology.
The main focus of this mathematical study is to explore the gravity-driven flow of Carbon (single and multi) nanotubes influenced by applied magnetic field towards a vertical thermal sensitive porous ...sheet. Moreover, heat transfer of nanofluid flow is explored taking into the account viscous dissipation and joule heating effect. The physical flow problem is mathematically modeled in Cartesian coordinate system. The coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equations is reduced to the ordinary differential equations system by implementing similarity analysis. Computational software MATLAB built in routine Bvp4c is employed to compute numerical solutions for assisting flow
(
σ
<
0
)
as well as opposing flow
(
σ
>
0
)
. It is concluded that MWCNTs gives promising results in case of favorable buoyancy force. Moreover, presence of CNTs along with Biot number contribute to upsurge fluid temperature whereas thermal radiation influence fluid temperature in an opposite manner.
This study is focused to investigate the blood flow pattern with motion of motile gyrotactic microorganisms. Since nanoparticles play an essential factor for enhancing delivery efficiency in vascular ...flow therefore physiochemical properties of these particles are considered in this examination. Prandtl fluid characteristics are instigated to discuss the blood flow rheology. Moreover, considerations of gyrotactic microbes with nanoparticles will exaggerate the thermal features of considered base fluid. The governing model output containing coupled nonlinear systems is evaluated by HPM technique. The features of flow defining parameters in an anisotropic stenotic region with motile microbes are inspected and presented through different illustrations. It is concluded from the governing nanofluid model that with addition of gyrotactic microbe’s hemodynamics factors of stenotic lesion are enhanced. Heat transfer rate phenomena depict opposite trends for nanoparticles key parameters involved in a governing problem.
Purpose
This paper aims to study the fluid flow and heat transfer within the Casson nanofluid confined between disk and cone both rotating with distinct velocities. For a comprehensive investigation, ...two distinct nano-size particles, namely, silicon dioxide and silicon carbide, are submerged in ethanol taken as the base fluid.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper explores the disk and cone contraption mostly encountered for viscosity measurement in various industrial applications such as lubrication industry, hydraulic brakes, pharmaceutical industry, petroleum and gas industry and chemical industry.
Findings
It is worth mentioning here that the radially varying temperature profile at the disk surface is taken into the account. The effect of prominent emerging parameters on velocity fields and temperature distribution are studied graphically, while bar graphs are drawn to examine the physical quantities of industrial interest such as surface drag force and heat transfer rate at disk and cone.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no study in literature exists that discusses the thermal enhancement of nano-fluidic transport confined between disk and cone both rotating with distinct angular velocities with heat transfer.
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