The Lights4Violence project was created to promote healthy relationships among adolescents using a school intervention in which participants developed video-capsules where they highlighted skills to ...resolve situations of dating violence. This study aims to assess the results of the Lights4Violence training program by identifying different types of violence and positive development assets that Spanish adolescents use in their video-capsule scripts.
A thematic analysis of the Lights4Violence video capsules was carried out. Open coding was used to identify violence patterns. A deductive analysis was used to identify student assets using the "Positive Youth Development Model".
Adolescents describe different patterns of violence, such as psychological violence, sexist violence or verbal violence that is present on the scripts. However, they showed themselves capable of resolving these situations using language and personal empowerment skills as resources. Family, friends and community were identified in adolescents' scenarios as the most frequent assets to address situations of conflict.
Adolescents can promote healthy relationships using protective factors against violence. Interventions that use this approach can potentially be useful in preventing violence.
Purpose
Main question
The aim of this study is to describe and analyze the frequency of acute perioperative (intraoperatively and 30 days after) complications of open/MISS thoracolumbar spine ...surgery.
Secondary questions
Describe the treatment of choice for every kind of complication mentioned.
Perform a bibliographic search and compare the complications described and their frequency with those studied in the manuscript.
Methods
A retrospective cohort of 816 patients undergoing spinal surgery over a two year period was analyzed. Acute complications of 59 patients are described whether those with a greater number of levels required longer periods of hospitalization.
Results
The frequency of acute complications was 7.2%. The most common was infection (2.7%), followed by dural tear (1.7%), and screw malpositioning (1%), which is consistent with the current literature. No statistically significant results were observed when comparing the mean length of hospital stay among patients operated on a greater number of levels compared to the rest (
P
: 0.344; 95% CI: -3.88–10.93).
Conclusions
The subsidiary patient of spinal surgery is getting older and has more comorbidities, and therefore, has a higher risk of complications. Although there are models predicting the risk of complications, they are not used in routine clinical practice. It would be necessary to unify the main criteria and establish guidelines for risk detection and therapeutic algorithms based on new high-quality studies.
BACKGROUND: Maternal diet has been associated with fetal growth outcomes; however, evidence is scarce on the role of dietary quality. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the effect of diet quality ...during the first trimester of pregnancy, as measured by the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) adapted for pregnancy, on fetal growth. DESIGN: We studied 787 women and their newborns from a Spanish cohort study. Diet quality was assessed by using a modification of the AHEI. Adjusted birth weight, birth length, and head circumference were used as continuous outcomes. We used a customized model to define fetal growth restriction in weight, length, and head circumference. RESULTS: After adjustment of multivariate models, a positive association was observed between diet quality and adjusted birth weight and adjusted birth length. The greatest differences were found between the fourth and first quintiles of the AHEI. Newborns of women in the fourth quintile were on average 126.3 g (95% CI: 38.5, 213.9 g) heavier and 0.47 cm (95% CI: 0.08, 0.86 cm) longer than those in the lowest quintile (P for trend = 0.009 and 0.013, respectively). Women with the highest AHEI scores had a significantly lower risk of delivering a fetal growth-restricted infant for weight (odds ratio: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.55; P for trend = 0.001) than did women in the lowest quintile, but this was not the case for fetal growth restriction in length (P for trend = 0.538) or head circumference (P for trend = 0.070). CONCLUSION: A high-quality diet in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with birth size and the risk of fetal growth restriction.
Symptom management remains challenging in cancer care. Emerging from nutritional science, nutritional metabolomics has seen exponential growth over recent years, aiming to discern the relationship ...between dietary habits and health consequences. This protocol aims to present the rationale and methodology for conducting a scoping review to summarize the extent of evidence on synbiotics utilization in cancer symptom management among adults. The scoping review will be undertaken in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) principles and the research process guided by the PRISMA 2020 scoping reviews extension. The following electronic databases will be searched from the inception: PubMed, Cinahl, Web of Science and Scopus. The authors expect to map the literature regarding the clinical outcomes, including patient-report measures and patient-experience measures, on which the effects of probiotics were tested, and identify potential gaps. This protocol presents a rigorous methodological approach to map the literature on the clinical outcomes that the utilization of synbiotics might improve. This analysis will shape future researchers to examine the efficacy of probiotics on specific clinical outcomes in oncology care. Nurses are uniquely positioned to influence cancer symptom management through the selection and use of appropriate interventions in the field of nutritional supplements, along with nutritional counseling.
Tinnitus has been associated with several psychiatric disorders, however there are still several questions regarding such association.
To assess the scientific evidence on the associations between ...symptoms of depression, depression, and tinnitus.
A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Lilacs, and SciELO scientific databases. This review included studies published in Portuguese, Spanish, or English correlating tinnitus with depression; letters to the editor and case reports were excluded.
A total of 64 studies were identified, of which only 20 met the inclusion criteria and only 2 were case-control clinical trials. The majority of the studies (n = 18) found that depression is associated with tinnitus, either as a predisposition - resulting in poor adaptation to tinnitus or as a consequence of severe disease.
An overall assessment of all of the selected studies suggests at least 3 possible associations between depression and tinnitus: depression affecting tinnitus, tinnitus predisposing individuals to depression, and tinnitus appearing as a comorbidity in patients with depression. There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with tinnitus, but the mechanisms by which depression and tinnitus mutually interact, are not fully understood.
Abdominal tuberculosis can mimic many processes resulting in delayed diagnosis and unnecessary surgery. We describe a child of Moroccan parents with an abdominal mass caused by Mycobacterium bovis. ...The case stresses the need for increased awareness of M. bovis tuberculosis (TB) in general and extrapulmonary TB in the setting of foreign-born individuals who travel periodically to TB-endemic regions.
RESUMEN Introducción: Los valores de la frecuencia cardiaca normales y anormales registrados en los equipos electrocardiográficos ambulatorios o continuos han sido caracterizados mediante nuevas ...metodologías diagnósticas, las cuales se han desarrollado en el contexto de la teoría de los sistemas dinámicos y la entropía. Objetivo: Evaluar la dinámica cardiaca de adultos, teniendo en cuenta su comportamiento en el contexto de la teoría de sistemas dinámicos y las proporciones de la entropía mediante un estudio ciego. Métodos: Se realizó una prueba diagnóstica mediante un estudio ciego de 500 Holter, aplicando una nueva metodología basada en las proporciones de la entropía del atractor numérico construido con los valores registrados en el Holter. Para esto, los valores máximos y mínimos de la frecuencia cardiaca para cada hora, así como el número de latidos, fueron tomados de cada Holter durante, mínimo, 18 horas. Con estos valores se generó un atractor numérico que cuantificó la probabilidad de parejas de frecuencias cardiacas consecutivas. Se evaluó cada dinámica a partir de los valores de entropía y de sus proporciones. Posteriormente, estos resultados fueron comparados con la evaluación clínica convencional estimando la sensibilidad y especificidad, así como el coeficiente Kappa. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias entre la dinámica de casos normales y anormales, en las dinámicas cardiacas evaluadas en 18 horas, hallando valores de sensibilidad y especificidad del 100 % y coeficiente Kappa de uno, respecto al diagnóstico clínico convencional. Conclusiones: Los valores de entropía y de sus proporciones permiten diferenciar cuantitativamente la normalidad de la enfermedad en la dinámica cardiaca, durante un mínimo de 18 horas.
Metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (mPHEO/PGL) are frequently associated with succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) mutations. Cyclophosphamide-dacarbazine-vincristine (CVD) regimen is ...recommended as standard chemotherapy for advanced mPHEO/PGL. There is limited evidence to support the role of metronomic schemes (MS) of chemotherapy in mPHEO/PGL treatment. We report 2 patients with SDHB-related mPGL who received a regimen consisting of MS temozolomide (TMZ) and high-dose lanreotide after progression on both CVD chemotherapy and high-dose lanreotide. Molecular profiling of the tumor tissue from both patients revealed hypermethylation of the O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter. In one patient, progression-free survival was 13 months and the second patient remained under treatment after 27 months of stabilization of metabolic response of his disease. Treatment was well tolerated, and adverse effects were virtually absent. A modification in the scheme of TMZ from standard schemes to MS is safe and feasible and can be considered in patients with progressive mPHEO/PGL refractory to dacarbazine in standard doses.
Several epidemiological studies have reported that some organochlorine compounds (OCs), such as polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (4,4′-DDE), may alter ...thyroid function.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of maternal serum OC concentrations of 4,4′-DDE and the sum of seven PCB congeners (PCB 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) with thyroid hormone (TH) status.
We measured OC concentrations in 157 maternal serum samples at 12 weeks of pregnancy in a cohort from Valencia (Spain). Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured as biomarkers of thyroid function in the same samples. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed between OCs and TH levels, and variables were log transformed.
Mothers with higher levels of 4,4′-DDE had higher odds of having TSH levels >2.5mIU/L (OR=2.53; 95% CI=1.36; 4.73; p=0.004), and we found a significant negative association between serum 4,4′-DDE concentrations and FT4 levels (β=−0.03; 95% CI=−0.05; 0.00; p=0.050) after adjustment for covariates and total lipids. No association was found between sum of PCBs and TH levels.
Serum concentrations of 4,4′-DDE were associated with increased TSH and reduced FT4 but not TT3 levels. Our results suggest that some environmental chemicals may interfere with the thyroid system of pregnant women. The major role that maternal THs may play in fetal neurodevelopment makes these findings especially relevant.
Objetivo. El artículo responde a la interrogante ¿Es similar la distribución de las opiniones sobre las reglas de las investigación científica entre los investigadores de las diferentes disciplinas ...de ciencias sociales? Método. Se realizó un estudio de opiniones, piloto, entre 137 investigadores de cinco disciplinas de ciencias sociales de tres universidades públicas de México. Sus diferencias estadísticas fueron analizadas mediante la prueba de la ji cuadrada. Resultados. Los hallazgos provisionales prueban que entre los científicos sociales de diferentes disciplinas existen opiniones similares sobre las reglas de la investigación. Sin embargo, se presentan dos discrepancias importantes: la primera, “Estudiar la realidad”, entre los psicólogos tienen la menor aceptación (63%), en contraste con los economistas (93%). La segunda regla es “seguir el método científico”. La aceptación de los investigadores de las disciplinas de Sociología (61%) e Historia (50%) contrasta con los de las disciplinas de Antropología (11%) y Administración (27%).
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