This investigation developed a hierarchical multiple regression model to assess the potential risk factors for suicidality in youths 7 to 17 years old. Variables were assessed in three domains: ...self-perceptions, demography and diagnosis, and home/environment. The model controlled for major depressive disorder (MDD), which has confounded previous investigations, by evaluating potential risks in a diagnostically heterogenous sample, and then evaluating these risks in a subsample with MDD. Conduct problems and depressive thinking emerged as the most powerful predictors in both samples. Hopelessness, life stress, and maternal psychopathology predicted suicidality only in the total sample. Separation anxiety protected MDD youths. These results suggest that suicidal MDD youths may comprise a distinct subgroup of depressed youths.
Recombinant human inducible nitric-oxide synthase (rH-iNOS) was expressed in the baculovirus system and purified by a novel immunoaffinity column. rH-iNOS and its native counterpart from ...cytokine-stimulated primary hepatocytes exhibited similar molecular mass of 130 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, recognition by antipeptide antibodies, specific activities, and IC50 values for inhibitors. The active dimeric form exhibited a specific activity range of 114-260 nmol/min/mg at 37 degrees C and contained 1.15 +/- 0.04 mol of calmodulin/monomer. The enzyme exhibited a Soret lambdamax at 396 nm with a shoulder at 460 nm and contained 0. 28-0.64 mol of heme/monomer. Dithionite reduction under CO yielded an absorbance maximum at 446 nm, indicating a P450-type heme. Imidazole induced a type II difference spectrum, reversible by L-Arg. 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine (ADT) was competitive versus L-Arg (Ki = 22.6 +/- 1.9 nM), reversed the type II difference spectrum induced by imidazole (Kd = 17.7 nM), and altered the CO-ferrous absorbance of rH-iNOS. L-Arg did not perturb the CO-ferrous adduct directly, but it partially reversed the ADT-induced absorbance shift, indicating that both bind similarly to the protein but interact differently with the heme.
The global financial crisis led to a variety of proposals to levy taxes on the financial sector (Alworth and Arachi 2012; Hemmelgarn and Nicodème 2012; Lloyd 2012). Some proposedcorrective or ...Pigoviantaxes that would raise the private cost of financial choices that impose broader social costs. By analogy, economists have long proposed to curb air pollution efficiently by imposing taxes that make the polluter pay the social costs of sulfur emissions (Schultze 1977 ). In addition to regulating banks to limit leverage or dependence on short-term funding, the government could tax borrowing or short-term debt (Masciandaro and Passarelli 2012).
Insecure attachment relations have been theorized to play a significant role in the development of depressogenic modes of adaptation and to thus form a vulnerability factor for the emergence of ...depressive disorder in children. This study examined security of parent and peer attachment among four groups of early adolescents: clinically depressed, nondepressed psychiatric controls, nonpsychiatric controls, and adolescents with resolved depression. Depressed adolescents reported significantly less secure parent attachment than either of the control groups, and less secure peer attachment than the nonpsychiatric control group. Attachment security of adolescents with resolved depression was on a par with the nonpsychiatric control group. Among all psychiatric patients, security of attachment to parents was negatively correlated with severity of depression according to interview and self-report ratings. Less secure attachment to parents, but generally not to peers, was also related to more maladaptive attributional styles, presence of separation anxiety disorder, and history of suicidal ideation.
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 229-244).
This thesis is concerned with ...the extension of Maxwell's equations to situations far removed from standard electromagnetism, in order to discover novel phenomena. We discuss our contributions to the efforts to describe quantum fluctuations, known as Casimir forces, in terms of classical electromagnetism. We prove that chirality in metamaterials can have no appreciable effect on the Casimir force, and design an alternative metamaterial in which the structure can have a strong effect on the Casimir force. We present a geometry that exhibits a repulsive Casimir force between metallic objects in vacuum, and describe our efforts to enhance this repulsive force using the numerical techniques that we and others developed. We then show how our techniques can be extended to study the physics of near-field radiative heat transfer, computing for the first time the exact heat transfer and power flux profiles between a plate and non-spherical objects. We find in particular that the heat flux profile is non-monotonic in separation from the cone tip. Finally, we demonstrate how techniques to compute photonic bandstructures in periodic systems can be extended to certain types of quasi-periodic structures, termed photonic-quasicrystals (PQCs).
by Alexander P. McCauley.
Ph.D.
Magnetic reconnection between open and closed magnetic field in the corona is believed to play a crucial role in the corona/heliosphere coupling. At large scale, the exchange of open/closed ...connectivity is expected to occur in pseudo-streamer structures. However, there is neither clear observational evidence of how such coupling occurs in pseudo-streamers, nor evidence for how the magnetic reconnection evolves. Using a newly-developed technique, we enhance the off-limb magnetic fine structures observed with AIA and identify a pseudo-streamer-like feature located close to the northern coronal hole. After extrapolating the magnetic field with the PFSS model, we obtain a pseudo-streamer magnetic topology, null-point related topology bounded by open field. We compare the magnetic configuration with the UV observations and identify the magnetic structures expected to be involved in the event. Using an 3D MHD simulation of interchange reconnection, we showed that the evolution of the UV structures follows the magnetic field dynamics and the UV emitting structures have a pattern very similar to the plasma emission derived from the simulation. Our results highlight that the exchange between open and closed in the pseudo-streamer topology related to an observed event occurs at least partially at the null-point, similarly to the interchange reconnection in a single null-point topology. However, our results also indicate that the interchange reconnection in pseudo-streamers is a gradual physical process which opposes to the impulsive reconnection of the solar-jet model.
Very low interest rates in major currencies have raised concerns over international credit flows to robustly growing economies in Asia. This paper examines three components of international credit ...and highlights several of the policy challenges that arise in constraining such credit. Our empirical findings suggest that international credit enables domestic credit booms in emerging markets. Furthermore, we demonstrate that higher levels of international credit on the eve of a crisis are associated with larger subsequent contractions in overall credit and real output. In Asia today, international credit generally is small in relation to overall credit - as was not the case before the Asian crisis. So even though dollar credit is growing very rapidly in some Asian economies, its contribution to overall credit growth has been modest outside the more dollarised economies of Asia.
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