Increasingly, academics are called upon to demonstrate the value of linguistics and explain their research to the wider public. In support of this agenda, Communicating Linguistics: Language, ...Community and Public Engagement provides an overview of the wide range of public engagement activities currently being undertaken in linguistics, as well as practically focused advice aimed at helping linguists to do public engagement well. From podcasts to popular writing, from competitions to consultancy, from language creation to community projects, there are many ways in which linguists can share their research with the public. Bringing together insights from leading linguists working in academia as well as non-university professions, this unique collection: • Provides a forum for the discussion of challenges and opportunities of public engagement in linguistics in order to shape best practice. • Documents best practice through a summary of some of the many excellent public engagement projects currently taking place internationally. • Celebrates the long tradition of public engagement in linguistics, a discipline which is often misunderstood despite its direct and fundamental importance to everyday life. Breaking down long-standing divisions between universities and the wider community, this book will be of significant value to academics in linguistics but also teachers, policy makers and anyone interested in better understanding the nature and use of language in society.
This theoretical and practical guide to using corpus linguistic techniques in stylistic analysis focuses on how to use off-the-shelf corpus software, such as AntConc, Wmatrix, and the Brigham Young ...University (BYU) corpus interface.
Over recent years, the use of corpora in stylistic analysis has grown in popularity. However, questions still remain over the remit of corpus stylistics, its distinction from corpus linguistics ...generally and its capacity to explain complex stylistic effects. This article argues in favour of an integrated corpus stylistics; that is, an approach to corpus stylistics that integrates it with other stylistic methods and analytical frameworks. I suggest that this approach is needed for two main reasons: (i) it is analytically necessary in order to fully explain stylistic effects in texts, and (ii) integrating corpus methods with other stylistic tools is what will distinguish corpus stylistics from corpus linguistics. My argument is supported by reference to examples from Mark Haddon’s no vel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time and the HBO TV series Deadwood. Both these examples rely for their explanation on a combination of corpus stylistic analytical techniques and other stylistic methods of analysis.
This theoretical and practical guide to using corpus linguistic techniques in stylistic analysis focuses on how to use off-the-shelf corpus software, such as AntConc, Wmatrix, and the Brigham Young ...University (BYU) corpus interface.
Mapping seizure pathways in the temporal lobe McIntyre, Dan C.; Gilby, Krista L.
Epilepsia (Copenhagen),
March 2008, Letnik:
49, Številka:
s3
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Summary
Interest in temporal lobe seizure pathways has a long history based initially on the human condition of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). This interest in TLE has extended more recently into ...explorations of experimental models. In this review, the network structures in the temporal lobe that are recruited in animal models during various forms of limbic seizures and status epilepticus are described. Common to all of the various models is recruitment of the parahippocampal cortices, including the piriform, perirhinal, and entorhinal areas. This cortical involvement is seen in in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological recordings throughout the network, in trans‐synaptic neuroplastic changes in associated network structures manifest at the molecular level, in network energy utilization visualized by
14C
2‐deoxyglucose uptake, and finally, in the behavioral consequences of network lesions. The conclusions of the animal models reviewed here are very similar to those described for the human condition presented recently in the 2006 Lennox lecture by Warren Blume, and addressed 53 years ago in the quadrennial meeting of the ILAE in 1953 by Henri Gastaut.
The epileptogenic‐prone (FAST) and epileptogenic‐resistant (SLOW) rat strains have become a valuable tool for investigating neural plasticity. The strains were generated by breeding the rats that ...required the fewest amygdala stimulations to elicit a stage‐5 convulsive seizure (FAST) and rats requiring the most stimulations (SLOW). Previous studies have shown differences in behavior and amygdala physiology in the two strains. This study examined the dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons in the brains of adult male and female rats of the two strains. The brains were stained with the Golgi–Cox method and the length and branching from layer III pyramidal cells were measured in parietal cortex (Zilles Par1), medial frontal cortex (Zilles Cg3), and orbitofrontal cortex (Zilles AID) in these two strains of rats. We observed significantly longer dendrites in Cg3 in the FAST group but longer dendrites in the SLOW group in AID and Par1. There was also a sex difference (M > F) in Par1 in both strains. These morphological differences can provide insights into the neurobiological basis of the behavioral differences and suggest that localized changes in the amygdala do not occur independently of changes in other brain regions, and especially prefrontal cortex.
Mick Short is Professor Emeritus of English Language and Literature at Lancaster University, UK. He studied English at the University of Lancaster from 1965, just one year after the university first ...opened, to 1968. He returned to teach at Lancaster in 1972, retiring in 2012. As an undergraduate he was taught by the early stylistician and poet Anne Cluysenaar,
1
who was instrumental in setting him on track for an academic career in stylistics. In 1979 he, Katie Wales, Ron Carter and others founded the Poetics and Linguistics Association. Then, in 1992 he became the first editor of Language and Literature. In this interview, he explains how he came to be interested in stylistics, as well as how his academic career began. He discusses what it was like to teach and research stylistics in its early days, the influence of structuralism on stylistics, the beginnings of discourse and pragmatic stylistics and the importance of corpus tools for moving stylistics forwards. He also sets out some concerns about current stylistics and how these concerns might be met in future.
Katie Wales was Professor of English Language at Royal Holloway College, University of London, before moving to the University of Leeds to become Professor of Modern English Language. She later moved ...to the University of Sheffield and is currently Honorary Professor in the School of English at the University of Nottingham. She is a co-founder of the Poetics and Linguistics Association (PALA) and was instrumental in setting up the journal Language and Literature, serving as its second editor between 1996 and 2004. In this interview she explains how she found out about stylistics as an undergraduate student; how she established an academic career; and how she was able to integrate stylistics into her teaching in the face of resistance from the literary establishment. She discusses her long-standing interest in dialectology and the importance of incorporating a historical perspective into stylistic work. She also discusses the importance of PALA as a support network for stylisticians, particularly in the light of the current assault on the humanities in the UK and elsewhere.
Fowler's (Linguistics and the novel, Methuen, 1977) original definition of mind style emphasised consistency as a defining feature of the phenomenon, something that is (i) difficult to measure, and ...(ii) often missed in qualitative analyses. In this paper we investigate how a computational semantic analysis might be used to address this difficulty, with particular reference to McIntyre's (Journal of Literary Semantics 34: 21–40, 2005) analysis of the deviant mind style of the character of Miss Shepherd in Alan Bennett's play
. To do this we analyse the speech of all the characters in
using Wmatrix (Rayson, Matrix: A statistical method and software tool for linguistic analysis through corpus comparison, Lancaster University PhD thesis, 2003, Wmatrix: A web-based corpus processing environment, Lancaster University, 2008), to see whether it provides quantitative support for the interpretative conclusions reached by McIntyre. Wmatrix utilises the UCREL Semantic Annotation System (USAS) which has been designed to undertake the automatic semantic analysis of English. The initial tag-set of the USAS system was loosely based on McArthur's
(McArthur, Longman, 1981), but has since been considerably revised in the light of practical tagging problems met in the course of previous research, and now contains 232 category labels (such as
, etc.). We use Wmatrix's facility for identifying key semantic domains in pursuit of our two main aims: (i) to determine whether Miss Shepherd's odd mind style is consistent, as Fowler's definition suggests it should be; and (ii) to determine the usefulness of computational semantic analysis for investigating mind style.
Summary It was questioned whether amygdala kindling, a model of temporal lobe epilepsy, is under genetic control, and is associated with comorbid behavioral features. Initially, rats were ...selectively bred for speed of amygdala kindling, and, in subsequent generations, were assessed in behavioral paradigms to measure activity, emotionality, impulsivity, and learning. Clearly kindling was under genetic control, as two strains were developed to be either Fast or Slow to kindle, and each was associated with different neurological, electrophysiological and behavioral features. Behaviorally, the Fast rats appear much like humans with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), showing easy distraction, hyperactivity and impulsivity, compared to Slow rats.
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