Hybrid nanofluids are of great importance in the field of industry due to high effective thermal conductivity which causes high rates of heat transfer. The current article investigates the impact of ...variable magnetic field and chemical reaction of
MWCNT/Fe
3
O
4
–water hybrid nanofluid over an exponentially shrinking porous sheet with slip boundary conditions. Suitable transformations convert the governing equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Further, these equations are solved by the help of shooting technique. The influences of operating parameters on the flow domain as well as force coefficients and rates of heat and mass transfers are computed and shown through graphs and tables. It is found that hybridity augments the temperature and concentration profiles. Further, suction/injection parameter enriches the skin friction coefficient, but reverse trend is observed for velocity slip parameter.
The improvement of heat transport is a very important phenomenon in nuclear reactors, solar collectors, heat exchangers, and coolers, which can be achieved by choosing the nanofluid as the functional ...fluid. Nanofluids improve thermophysical properties; as a result, they have made great progress in engineering, biomedical, and industrial applications. Therefore, a numerical study has been proposed to analyze the flow and heat transport of nanoliquids over an extendable surface near a stagnation point with variable thermal conductivity under the influence of the magnetic field, due to their importance in the engineering field. Nanoliquid attributes explain the Brownian motion and the diffusion of thermophoresis. The effects of the chemical reaction and the uniform internal heat source/heat sink are also considered. The Nachtsheim‐Swigert shooting procedure based on the Runge‐Kutta scheme is used for numerical calculation. The impact of effective parameters on velocity, temperature, and volume fraction of the nanoparticles is shown in the graphs and reported in detail. The surface criteria are also estimated with respect to the shear stress and the rate of heat and mass transfer. The aspects of the Brownian moment and Lorentz force are positively correlated to the thermal field of the nanoliquid. Also, the variable thermal conductivity aspect favors the growth of the thermal boundary layer.
The irreversibility in convective nanofluid flow in the occurrence of a magnetic field (MHD) in a cavity with chamfers is calculated by numerical approach. The nanofluid flow is considered under the ...impacts of magnetic field and thermal gradient. The continuity, motion and energy equations are solved by applying COMSOL Multiphysics computer package. The impacts of
(
Ha
)
Hartmann number,
(
γ
)
elevation of magnetic field, nanoparticle volume fraction, heat transmission and entropy analysis on the flow of nanofluid are discussed. Results reveal that, the impacts of volume fraction and the magnetic force on different irreversibility are significant. Moreover, results indicate the existence of a critical
(
Ha
c
)
Hartmann number this represents the frontier between the domains where the magnetic field dominates via its intrinsic effect and its extrinsic effect.
Phase change materials (PCMs) proved to be valuable and drew the attention of numerous scientists striving to establish novel techniques to minimize energy consumption and expand heat storage; yet a ...number of challenges hampered their research. This paper provides an overall overview on how to overcome those constraints by adapting nano-enhanced phase change materials, the motivation behind their investigation, their advantages, area of applications, and their impact on thermal management and storage equipment. Recent computational and experimental studies have revealed that nanoparticles are extremely useful in terms of improving the thermo-physical properties of PCMs, allowing nano-PCMs, mainly nano-paraffin, to have a major positive influence on thermal concepts at the economical, ecological, and effectiveness levels. In this context, nano-enhanced PCMs are now able to store and release large amounts of heat in short intervals of time, which is relevant to thermal storage systems and contributes to augmenting and boosting their efficiency. It also improves the thermal performance of cooling and heating systems in buildings and regulates the operating temperature of PV systems, electronic components, and batteries.
The thermal radiation impact of MHD boundary layer flow of Williamson nanofluid along a stretching surface with porous medium taken into account of velocity and thermal slips is discussed ...numerically. This model aims to examine the phenomena of heat and mass transport caused by thermophoresis and Brownian motion. Through the help of similarity transformations, the governing system of PDEs is converted to a set of nonlinear ODE’s. Here, ordinary differential equations provide the mathematical formulation. The coupled system obtained has been analyzed using the Keller-Box technique; Newton's system dictates that the coefficients must be accurate and refined. To get a full understanding of the present situation, the effect of the flow regulating factors on relevant profiles is quantified and qualitatively assessed. The wall friction factor, heat, and mass transport coefficients are calculated graphically and tabulated. The findings reveal that when the slip and heat factor parameters improve, the boundary layer's thickness drops. Furthermore, the present findings indicate that raising the Williamson parameter enhances the concentration and temperature of the nanofluid. The validity of the outcomes is further shown by comparison to previously published data, which demonstrate good agreement.
An exertion is executed to explicate thermophysical aspects of viscoelastic fluid flow produced by a nonlinearized stretched surface. Here, viscoelasticity is characterized by Casson fluid model and ...expressed rheologically in momentum equation. Flow attributes of Casson fluid are thoroughly investigated under transversal magnetized field and along with provision of suction/injection to surface. Flow medium is also considered to be porous. Convective heating is supplied to the surface to depict heat transfer change within the flow domain. Nanosized particles are hanged into the Casson fluid to understand the effectiveness of Brownian motion and thermophoretic forces on the diffusion of particles. Generative chemical reactions are also considered to measure mass transport. Initially, flow narrating differential equations for concerning a problem are attained in differential equations and later on transforming into ordinary differential coupled system via similarity approach. Variations in flow associated distributions against involved parameters are divulged through graphical structures. Wall drag, thermal and mass fluxes are also calculated. Credibility of computing results is tested with the aid of comparison with previously published data in limiting sense.
The center of interest of this research study is to unfold the phenomena in the electric double layer (EDL) adjacent to the indicted peristaltic wall and its impact on a peristaltic transport of ...ionized non-Newtonian blood (Jeffrey liquid model) infused with hybridized copper and gold nanoparticles through a ciliated micro-vessel under the buoyancy and Lorentz forces’ action. The energy equation is found with consideration of viscous dissipation and internal heat source impacts. The complicated normalized flow equations are abridged by adopting lubrication and Debye–Hückel linearization postulates. The homotopy perturbation approach is devoted to yield the optimal series solutions of the resulting equations. The amendment in the pertinent hemodynamical characteristics against the significant flow parameters is canvassed via plentiful graphical designs. Outcomes confess that a higher assisting the electric body force and thin EDL significantly opposes the blood flow nearby the ciliated micro-vessel wall. The heat exchange rate for hybrid nano-blood (26% for
Cu-Au
/blood) is greatly evaluated to nano-blood (20% for
Au
-blood and 11.4% for
Cu
-blood). The trapped bolus is expanded due to thinner EDL or longer cilia length. This simulation could help to design electro-osmotic blood pumps, diagnostic devices, pharmacological systems, etc.
Current communication candidly explicates the incremental aspect of generated entropy in apermeablesquare enclosure. Porosity aspects are mathematically formulated by Darcy-Forchheimer model, whereas ...the Lorentz force law is manifested to enclose magnetic field effectiveness. Water is capitalized as base fluid and nanoparticles composed of silver with different nanoparticles volume fractions are obliged. Thermal buoyancy is generated within the flow domain by provision of heat to left boundary. Description about physical modeling of the problem is manipulated in the form of PDEs with boundary constraints. Finite element procedure is used as a solution procedure to sort out the characteristics of flow problem. Variation in thermophysical attributes is presented through stream patterns, isothermal plots against flow contributing variables. Convective heat transfer through boundaries is measured through Nusselt number calculations.
In this study, the energetic and exergetic analysis of a multi-effect desalination system with a thermal vapor compression desalination system has been numerically evaluated. For this purpose, the ...mass, energy, and exergy balance equations for the thermo-compressor, first effect as well as middle effects, and condenser have been developed. The effects of motive steam pressure and number of effects on yield, gained output ratio (GOR), performance ratio (PR) and irreversibility have been examined. Nanoparticles were used to improve the heat transfer properties at different stages. The highest rate of exergy destruction with 61.67% is concerned with thermo-compressor, owing to the large difference between the motive steam pressure and the entrained steam. The lowest exergy losses rate among the various components was 4.89% for the condenser, due to the fact that much of the final distillate steam entrained the thermo-compressor. As the number of effects increased from 1 to 7, the yield, GOR as well as PR, improved by approximately 590% and the irreversibility reduced by 1.88%. As the motive steam pressure increased from 400 to 1290 kPa, the yield decreased by 25.45% while the GOR and PR improved by 12.62 and 14.8%, respectively. From the second law viewpoint, irreversibility intensified by 16.11% which in turn diminished the second efficiency by 3.17%.
The effect on the entropy production and MHD convection of the hybrid nanofluid Al
2
O
3
–Cu/water (water with Cu and Al
2
O
3
nanoparticles) in a porous square enclosure is studied numerically via ...Galerkin finite element method. The enclosure used for flow and natural convection analysis is subjected to sinusoidal varying temperatures at the boundaries. Calculations were performed for specific parameters of the Rayleigh number (Ra = 10
3
–10
6
), porosity ratio (
ε
= 0.1–0.9), Darcy number (Da = 10
−5
–10
−2
), Hartmann number (Ha = 0–100) and nanoparticles concentration (
φ
= 0–0.08). The numerical results are presented by velocity profiles, isotherms, streamlines, and Nusselt number. They indicate that the isotherms subject to estimation variations under Ha boost from 0 to 100 as Ra enhances. At high Ha, the conduction transfer mechanism is more obvious. Also, it is seen that the convective heat transfer becomes stronger with the enhancement of the Ra while it detracts with the rise in Ha. Due to the Ra increase, the flow cell becomes stronger. For Ra = 10
6
and higher Hartmann numbers, the isotherms remain constant which is an indication of convection predominance.
