Mutations in the NPHS2 gene, encoding podocin, are responsible for the majority of familial cases of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), a rare glomerulopathy that rapidly progresses to ...end-stage renal disease. We obtained peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a patient carrying the homozygous c.413G>A substitution (p.R138Q) in NPHS2 gene, which is the most prevalent mutation in the European population. The PBMCs were reprogrammed by non-integrative viral transduction of the Yamanaka’s factors. The resulting iPSCs display normal karyotype, express pluripotency hallmarks and are capable of multilineage differentiation, offering a useful tool to study pathological mechanisms of SRNS and perform drug testing.
Abstract
N
6
-threonyl-carbamoylation of adenosine 37 of ANN-type tRNAs (t
6
A) is a universal modification essential for translational accuracy and efficiency. The t
6
A pathway uses two ...sequentially acting enzymes, YRDC and OSGEP, the latter being a subunit of the multiprotein KEOPS complex. We recently identified mutations in genes encoding four out of the five KEOPS subunits in children with Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS), a clinically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disease characterized by early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly. Here we show that mutations in
YRDC
cause an extremely severe form of GAMOS whereas mutations in
GON7
, encoding the fifth KEOPS subunit, lead to a milder form of the disease. The crystal structure of the GON7/LAGE3/OSGEP subcomplex shows that the intrinsically disordered GON7 protein becomes partially structured upon binding to LAGE3. The structure and cellular characterization of GON7 suggest its involvement in the cellular stability and quaternary arrangement of the KEOPS complex.
N
-threonyl-carbamoylation of adenosine 37 of ANN-type tRNAs (t
A) is a universal modification essential for translational accuracy and efficiency. The t
A pathway uses two sequentially acting ...enzymes, YRDC and OSGEP, the latter being a subunit of the multiprotein KEOPS complex. We recently identified mutations in genes encoding four out of the five KEOPS subunits in children with Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS), a clinically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disease characterized by early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly. Here we show that mutations in YRDC cause an extremely severe form of GAMOS whereas mutations in GON7, encoding the fifth KEOPS subunit, lead to a milder form of the disease. The crystal structure of the GON7/LAGE3/OSGEP subcomplex shows that the intrinsically disordered GON7 protein becomes partially structured upon binding to LAGE3. The structure and cellular characterization of GON7 suggest its involvement in the cellular stability and quaternary arrangement of the KEOPS complex.
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