We report on our experience with autoinjection therapy in 72 patients with erectile dysfunction. We analysed factors that have an impact on the outcome of autoinjection therapy, and we focused on ...psychological, sexological and relational issues. In 53 (74%) patients an organic aetiological factor was found. Although with the aid of injection 82% of the men were able to achieve an erection adequate for penetration, only 39% continued treatment beyond one year. Lowest drop-out rates were encountered among patients with diabetes mellitus and men without organic aetiology (50% and 53% respectively). The most important reason for discontinuation was lack of acceptance of autoinjection therapy by the partner. Other reasons were prolonged erection, haematomas, ineffectiveness and fear of self-injection. Although autoinjection provides a safe and effective long-term method for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, the drop-out rate is strikingly high. Apparently, the acceptance of the partner is the most important determinant of the result of autoinjection therapy. Therefore, the partner should be involved in the counselling and treatment from the beginning.
The development of the mother sporocyst and the differentiation of the daughter sporocyst of Schistosoma mansoni in Biomphalaria pfeifferi are described. The tegumental structure of the mother ...sporocyst, consisting of an outer layer connected to internally situated nucleated cell bodies, forms extensions which enwrap the germinal cells. The parenchyma cells, in which the germinal cells were embedded before, degenerate. When daughter sporocyst embryos develop from germinal cells they are enveloped by a primitive epithelium which is formed by fusion of the extensions of the tegumental structure of the mother sporocyst. Somatic cells located peripherally in the developing daughter sporocyst expand and coalesce beneath the primitive epithelium to form the future outer layer of the tegumental structure of the daughter sporocyst. The primitive epithelium degenerates, the newly-formed layer looses its nuclei, and becomes connected to internally situated nucleated cell bodies. Further developments in the tegumental structure of the daughter sporocyst include the formation of microvillus-like projections, a surface coat, spines, and a basement membrane.
Dans cet article on tente de démontrer qu'il existe un rapport important entre les facteurs cognitifs / affectifs et le processus d'interprétation. Le but de cette démonstration est de pouvoir ...établir un profil psycholinguistique de l'interprète. Pour ce faire, on décrira et expliquera les différents paramètres qui déterminent le processus d'interprétation et leurs liens avec, ce qui sera, le profil psycholinguistique de l'interprète.
After penetration into its snail host the trematode not only has to find a suitable environment, it also has to circumvent the activities of its host's internal defence system to survive and to ...develop normally. Immunological compatibility of snails and trematodes is dependent on the capability of the parasite to evade and/or suppress the defence activities of its host. The possible role of physicochemical properties of the surfaces of the parasite and the host defence cells in evasion of host responses remains unknown; a role is indicated for molecular mimicry in the miracidium and the young mother sporocyst and for masking in the cercaria. Strong evidence exists that trematodes secrete substances which suppress anti-trematode activities of snail haemocytes.
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