This study examines the effect of three different hypocaloric diets on the patterns of muscle and plasma amino acids in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Group I (seven patients) received 90 ...g/day of glucose, Group II (seven patients) received 70 g/day of amino acids, Group III (eight patients) received both 90 g of glucose and 70 grams of amino acids per day. Utilizing the percutaneous biopsy technique of Bergström, free amino acid patterns in muscle and plasma were analyzed pre- and postoperatively (day 4). The postoperative pattern of amino acids was characterized by elevated levels in muscle and plasma of the branched chain amino acids, phenylalanine, tyrosine and methionine. There was a marked decrease in muscle glutamine and smaller decreases in the basic amino acids in both muscle and plasma. Muscle:plasma concentration ratios increased for the neutral amino acids, decreased for glutamine and the basic amino acids and were unchanged for the acidic amino acids. The patterns seen after hip replacement are almost identical to those seen after colectomy or accidental injury. There was little effect of diet on amino acid concentrations in muscle. In plasma, concentrations of leucine, isoleucine, valine and proline were higher in Group II in the absence of glucose intake, than in the other groups. Lysine was lower in Group I with no amino acid intake than in the other groups. Thus, there is a unique amino acid pattern associated with operative trauma which is relatively unaffected by hypocaloric, intravenous nutrition.
The objectives of this study were to examine the relation between occupational and nonoccupational conditions and both incident (IBLP) and chronic low back pain (CLBP), aswellasdepression, among ...women and men. Data from a4-year follow-up of a study group consisting of 420 participants of both genders from the general Swedish population were analysed. Occupational risk indicators were predictors for both ILBP and CLBP. Depression was not found to be a predictor for either IBLP or CLBP among women, but was a predictor for CLBP among men. Among women, depression had some risk indicators in common with ILBP and appeared to be a concurrent outcome rather than a risk indicator. Low back pain in 1993 was not a predictor for depression in 1997 in either women or men. Occupational conditions are of relevance in relation to both incident and CLBP. Nonoccupational conditions were stronger predictors for CLBP than for ILBP but had some predictive value also for ILBP.
The blood pressure (BP) response during a maximal ergometer bicycle test was studied in 190 apparently healthy subjects (95 men and 95 women) aged 21-70 years. The starting load was 50 W and was ...increased by 50 W every 4 min until exhaustion. Mean physical performance expressed as cumulative work was 2276 +/- 789 W in men and 1109 +/- 276 W in women (P less than 0.0001). The maximum heart rate was similar in men and women and declined significantly with age (r = -0.78, P less than 0.001 for men and r = -0.64, P less than 0.0001 for women). The mean maximal systolic blood pressure (MSBP) was 193 +/- 23 mmHg in men and 171 +/- 21 mmHg in women (P less than 0.0001). Men aged greater than or equal to 50 years had a MSBP of 201 +/- 22 mmHg, compared to 188 +/- 22 mmHg in those aged less than 50 years (P less than 0.01). Women aged greater than or equal to 60 years had a MSBP of 190 +/- 21 mmHg compared to 166 +/- 19 mmHg in their younger counterparts (P less than 0.001). The diastolic BP showed a similar modest increase at all ages and in both sexes. SBP is dependent on age and gender and this must be taken into consideration when assessing a normal response in individual patients.
Supine and sitting lower extremity cortical somatosensory evoked potential (CSEP) examinations were performed in 30 healthy volunteers to establish normal values and to determine variations in SEP ...parameters caused by positional changes, side of stimulation, and the influence of height. CSEPs were recorded at Cz'-Fz (10-20 international EEG system) after stimulation of the saphenous, peroneal, and sural nerves at the ankle. Each nerve was tested in the supine and sitting positions. CSEP P1, N1 latencies and P1 - N1 amplitudes were recorded. The mean values of these parameters and side-to-side differences were determined for both positions. Parameter changes between the two positions were also determined. No statistically significant difference was found when comparing supine and sitting, or side-to-side values (p greater than 0.05). Regression analyses of P1 latency vs height revealed a significant positive correlation for both positions (p less than 0.0001-0.0045). Mean P1 and N1 latencies (msec) +/- 1SD, and mean P1 - N1 amplitudes (microV) +/- 1SD are as follows: peroneal nerve (n = 119) P1 = 39.5 +/- 2.98, N1 = 48.2 +/- 3.79, P1 - N1 = 1.41 +/- 0.81; sural nerve (n = 119) P1 = 41.3 +/- 4.03, N1 = 50.9 +/- 4.57, P1 - N1 = 1.31 +/- 0.61; saphenous nerve (n = 119) P1 = 41.5 +/- 4.02, N1 = 50.4 +/- 4.10, P1 - N1 = 0.87 +/- 0.30. The normative data generated by this study will help clinicians to distinguish normal variations in lower extremity CSEP parameters.
Diabetic amyotrophy. A case report Flatow, E L; Michelsen, C B
Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume,
1985-September, Letnik:
67, Številka:
7
Journal Article
This paper reviews the knowledge on crowberry (Empetrum nigrum ssp. nigrum and ssp. hermaphroditum) dominated ecosystems in the Nordic region. Empetrum leaves and litter have high phenolic content ...resulting in slow decomposition, and with the formation of an organic top soil, nutrients are kept in an organic nutrient bank in the soil mainly available for plants with ericoid mycorrhiza. Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum is a strong nutrient competitor and outcompetes most plants in late successional stages. This is due to chemical interference (allelopathy) and resource competition. Crowberry as an organism is resistant to atmospheric pollution and may even increase in vigor by high atmospheric N deposition in nemoral coastal heaths, but is very sensitive to mechanical disturbances and fire. However, there are indications that the closed nutrient cycle established when Empetrum is dominant may be disturbed after airborne inputs of inorganic N.
PDF
