The LHC machine is planning an upgrade program, which will smoothly bring the instantaneous luminosity to about \(5-7.5\times10^{34}~\mathrm{cm}^{-2}\mathrm{s}^{-1}\) in 2028, to possibly reach an ...integrated luminosity of 3000-4500 fb\(^{-1}\) by the end of 2039. This High-Luminosity LHC scenario, HL-LHC, will require a preparation program of the LHC detectors known as Phase-2 upgrade. The current CMS Outer Tracker, already running beyond design specifications, and the recently installed CMS Phase-1 Pixel Detector will not be able to survive the HL-LHC radiation conditions. Thus, CMS will need completely new devices in order to fully exploit the high-demanding operating conditions and the delivered luminosity. The new Outer Tracker should also have trigger capabilities. To achieve such goals, the R&D activities have investigated different options for the Outer Tracker and for the pixel Inner Tracker. The developed solutions will allow including tracking information at the Level-1 trigger. The design choices for the Tracker upgrades are discussed along with some highlights on the technological choices and the R&D activities.
This paper presents an approach to develop a smartphone augmented reality application for automation and control education. This approach is based on the client/server architecture. On the server ...side, the standard academic research software LabVIEW platform is used for real time pattern recognition processing, enabling the quick augmented reality application creation. Adobe Flash technology is used to get a well-designed friendly graphical client interface. The employment of this application provides students in an amusing and straightforward way, all the information they required to both facilitate and increase their learning process. The computer-generated content that overlays the real-world environment is relates to the laboratory practices and equipment. Besides that, this application has incorporated innovative features that make augmented reality sensible, not only by the real-world environment, but also by the date it is being used. In other words, supplementary computer-generated content may vary according to the date the student uses the application.
The measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry in Z -> c cbar and Z -> b
bbar decays are among the most precise determinations of sin^2(theta)_W. In
this paper the results obtained by the DELPHI ...experiment at LEP with three
different analyses are reviewed together with the impact of the combined LEP
result on the global Electroweak fit.
The measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry in Z -> c cbar and Z -> b bbar decays are among the most precise determinations of sin^2(theta)_W. In this paper the results obtained by the DELPHI ...experiment at LEP with three different analyses are reviewed together with the impact of the combined LEP result on the global Electroweak fit.
We reviewed available evidence in medical literature concerning experimental models of exposure to ionizing radiations (IR) and their mechanisms of producing damages on living organisms. The ...traditional model is based on the theory of "stochastic breakage" of one or both strands of the DNA double helix. According to this model, high doses may cause the breaks, potentially lethal to the cell by damaging both DNA strands, while low doses of IR would cause essentially single strands breaks, easily repairable, resulting in no permanent damages. The available evidence makes this classical model increasingly less acceptable, because the exposure to low doses of IR seems to have carcinogenic effects, even after years or decades, both in the exposed individuals and in subsequent generations. In addition, the cells that survived the exposure to low doses, despite being apparently normal, accumulate damages that become evident in their progeny, such as nonclonal chromosomal aberrations, which can be found even in cells not directly irradiated due to the exchange of molecular signals and complex tissue reactions involving neighboring or distant cells. For all these reasons, a paradigm shift is needed, based on evidence and epigenetics.
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