The main aim of this study was to analyze the effects of availability of key information and intergenerational leadership on burnout divided into physical symptoms of burnout and emotional symptoms ...of burnout and work engagement regarding the firm size during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The empirical study included 583 older employees in Slovenia who participated in the survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the effects between constructs. We analyzed structural paths for the entire sample and for the two groups (small and large companies). According to the results concerning both groups, the impact of the availability of key information on emotional burnout is negative only for small companies. Contrary to that the negative impact of intergenerational leadership on emotional burnout is much stronger in large companies. Concerning the impact of physical burnout on emotional burnout, the positive impact of physical burnout exists in both types of companies but is stronger in small companies. The findings will contribute to a clearer picture and the adoption of further measures to prevent burnout in the workplace and increase work engagement concerning the firm size, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Perceived service quality is a well-researched concept in the marketing literature. Several measurement scales have been proposed, including for banking services, but most apply to the physical ...service environment. On the other hand, there is a lack of instruments available to measure the quality of banking services in a digital environment. Nowadays, especially pushed by the COVID-19 situation and sustainable development goals promoted by the United Nations, digitalization of services is a new normal. It is often perceived as a green banking practice and a prerequisite to contribute to the SDGs and environment per se. The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a perceived quality scale of e-banking services. The proposed measurement model was tested on a convenience sample of 335 respondents from Slovenia and Croatia via web-based questionnaires. Content validity, construct validity, dimensionality, and discriminant validity were assessed with EFA and CFA. The results prove that the instrument is appropriate for measuring the perceived quality of e-banking services. It measures six dimensions: efficiency, availability, contact, design, security, and fulfillment. Additional group analysis shows that the scale applies to different cultural contexts. The main limitation of the research is that the instrument measures only the perceived quality of e-banking services provided through online channels. The main theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed.
In addressing the nuanced interplay between consumer attitudes and Artificial Intelligence (AI) use readiness in physical retail stores, the main objective of this study is to test the impacts of ...prior experience, as well as perceived risks with AI technologies, self-assessment of consumers’ ability to manage AI technologies, and the moderator role of gender in this relationship. Using a quantitative cross-sectional survey, data from 243 consumers familiar with AI technologies were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) methods to explore these dynamics in the context of physical retail stores. Additionally, the moderating impacts were tested after the invariance analysis across both gender groups. Key findings indicate that positive prior experience with AI technologies positively influences AI use readiness in physical retail stores, while perceived risks with AI technologies serve as a deterrent. Gender differences significantly moderate these effects, with perceived risks with AI technologies more negatively impacting women’s AI use readiness and self-assessment of the ability to manage AI technologies showing a stronger positive impact on men’s AI use readiness. The study concludes that retailers must consider these gender-specific perceptions and attitudes toward AI to develop more effective strategies for technology integration. Our research also highlights the need to address gender-specific barriers and biases when adopting AI technology.
The paper's main aim is to analyze five constructs of organizational culture, AI-supported leadership, AI-supported appropriate training of employees, teams' effective performance, and employee ...engagement, and their relationship through the prism of artificial intelligence on a sample of large and medium-sized Slovenian companies. The second aim of the paper is to test the proposed model with two different statistical techniques in the scope of structural equation modeling (SEM) that enable us to assess linear (PLS-SEM) and non-linear relationships (CB-SEM) among the constructs. The empirical research included 437 medium-sized and large Slovenian companies. From each company, a CEO or owner participated in our research. The findings of the research with both techniques show that organizational culture had no impact on AI-supported appropriate training of employees and was not significant as well as that organizational culture had an impact on AI-supported leadership. The impact of AI-supported leadership on AI-supported appropriate training of employees were supported only for the PLS-SEM model. The impact of AI-supported leadership for employees on teams was positive. Contrary to that, the impact of AI-supported leadership for business solutions on teams was non-significant. In both cases, AI-supported appropriate training of employees' impact on teams was strong and positive. Also, employee engagement impact on teams was positive and statistically significant with PLS-SEM and CB-SEM methods. The research yields important implications for companies seeking to integrate artificial intelligence effectively in their operations. It emphasizes the critical role of AI-supported leadership in driving positive outcomes, such as improved employee training and enhanced team effectiveness. Companies should focus on developing leaders who can leverage AI tools to foster a skilled and engaged workforce. By adopting data-driven decision-making processes and incorporating insights from structural equation modeling, organizations can develop effective AI integration strategies. These provide valuable guidance for enhancing human resource management practices and achieving successful AI adoption across companies. The findings contribute to the formation of new views in the field of artificial intelligence implementation in the companies and show companies a broader picture of which aspects of human resource management need to be improved.
The purpose of this article is to present the relationships among older employee stress, motivation, satisfaction, and relationships in the workplace using two different approaches and different ...sample sizes. Research was implemented on an initial sample of 1013 older employees. In the next step, six smaller samples were calculated using the random selection of cases, namely samples with 25, 50, 100, 250, 400, and 500 older employees. This way the possible impact of sample size on relationships between latent variables using the covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) methods was assessed. The results on the larger samples have proved to be quite robust since they were confirmed with both approaches. They indicate that stress has a strong and negative impact on employee relationships and also a negative impact on employee satisfaction. Furthermore, employee relationships have a strong and positive impact on satisfaction and a positive impact on employee motivation. In addition, satisfaction has a strong and positive impact on employee motivation. The present paper helps readers to better understand the difference between the CB-SEM and the PLS-SEM methods. Researchers should be encouraged to use both techniques, even though CB-SEM methods have had a long tradition in management and marketing research since both fields heavily rely on psychometric measurement. From the organizational point of view, conclusions highlight the importance of the impact the variables of older employee stress, motivation, satisfaction and employee relations have on each other in the workplace.
The organizational culture is a significant construct in a time of change during the organizational transition, and it plays an important role in achieving goals of social responsibilities, which is ...an important part of sustainability. The literature shows the gap of socially responsible transfer of organizational culture with the impact on employee’s well-being. The cultural changes of the organization during the transition are particularly in connection with the impact on internal communication where organizational culture presents a part of values, norms, and ethics, which influences successfully implemented changes and in such a way has an influence on the stress and work satisfaction. The main purpose of the presented study is the development of the model of socially responsible transfer of organizational culture to the foreign subsidiaries on a basis of adjusted internal communication, which reduces stress and increases work satisfaction. Impacts of organizational culture on internal communication, stress, and work satisfaction are clearly presented, as well as inter-related impacts of the constructs concerning national culture, leadership, and organizational knowledge. Thus, the new holistic model of socially responsible transfer of the parent organization culture to foreign subsidiaries clearly defines steps of organizational culture, internal communication, stress management, and work satisfaction. Managerial implications are discussed.
This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the concepts of service quality, customer satisfaction with service, and organizational reputation in the context of educational services. The ...conceptual framework for testing the relationship between the three constructs was developed and tested on a sample of 97 educational service users. The results showed no significant difference between perceived and expected service quality. However, a positive relationship was found between customer satisfaction and three subconstructs of perceived service quality. Also, a significant positive correlation between organizational reputation and three latent variables of perceived service quality and a positive relationship between satisfaction and organizational reputation.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of marketing strategy, information communication technology (ICT) marketing support, and service quality in the market orientation-performance ...relationship. Even though there are many studies considering the market orientation-performance relationship they rarely take into consideration ICT marketing support and marketing strategy, especially concerning the companies operating in B2B markets. Additionally, this study compares the impacts of the constructs between two emerging economies (Slovenia and Serbia) and one developed economy (Austria) on a random sample of 636 companies. Results were obtained based on the set hypotheses using the covariance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) and invariance testing procedure to make comparisons between the three countries. Market orientation strongly influenced the successful development and implementation of marketing strategies, ICT support, and service quality. The impact of service quality on company performance was statistically insignificant and only the indirect impact of market orientation on company performance through service quality was determined. ICT marketing support and successful development and implementation of B2B marketing strategy were also positively related to company performance. This study can help managers in B2B companies in emerging and developed markets to learn how to use specific marketing resources in order to achieve higher company performance.
In the present research, we examined whether emotional responses determine price fairness perceptions and resulting behaviours. The relationships among negative emotional response, price fairness ...perception, self-protective behaviour, and negative word-of-mouth were hypothesized and empirically investigated. Furthermore, the moderating role of moral foundation was addressed and tested. Results indicated that there is a strong relationship between negative emotions and price fairness perceptions. While the latter had no significant effect on self-protective behaviour, it had a noticeable one on negative word-of-mouth. There was also a significant positive relationship between the two types of behaviours, where self-protective behaviour positively influenced negative word-of-mouth. Furthermore, the relationship between price fairness and negative word-of-mouth was significantly greater among respondents who scored higher on the moral foundation scale. Such results indicate that behaviour of those with a higher moral foundation appears to rely more on price fairness, while the behaviour of the second group (respondents with lower moral foundation scores) is determined primarily by emotional response. Our research contributes to the knowledge of consumer behaviour by providing an insight into different customer reactions regarding what they perceive to be unfair prices.
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