The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of exposure to meteorological conditions, including air pollution, on thyroid cancer. A nested case-control study was conducted utilizing ...4632 patients with thyroid cancer and 18,528 control subjects who were matched at a 1:4 ratio by age group, sex, income, and region of residence. Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort data from 2002 to 2015 were used. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for thyroid cancer correlated with meteorological and air pollution exposure over a moving average of 3 years before the index dates. For all participants, the adjusted ORs associated with relative humidity (1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03, P value = 0.023), ambient atmospheric pressure (1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03, P value < 0.001), and sunshine duration (1.17, 95% CI 1.04-1.31, P value = 0.007) indicated correlations with the occurrence of thyroid cancer; however, these results were inconsistent in the subgroup analyses. Overall, exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO
) (1.33, 95% CI 1.24-1.43, P value < 0.001) and particulate matter (PM
) (0.64, 95% CI 0.60-0.69, P value < 0.001) were related to thyroid cancer. These relationships persisted in the subgroup analyses. In conclusion, thyroid cancer occurrence was positively associated with NO
exposure and negatively associated with PM
exposure.
Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of ischemic heart disease related to air pollution. This study aimed to explore both the short-term and long-term effects of air pollutants on the ...risk of ischemic heart disease after adjusting for meteorological factors. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 to 2013 was used. Overall, 2155 participants with ischemic heart disease and 8620 control participants were analyzed. The meteorological data and air pollution data, including SO
(ppm), NO
(ppm), O
(ppm), CO (ppm), and particulate matter (PM)
(μg/m
), were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Subgroup analyses were performed according to age, sex, income, and region of residence. One-month exposure to SO
was related to 1.36-fold higher odds for ischemic heart disease (95% confidence interval 95% CI 1.06-1.75). One-year exposure to SO
, O
, and PM
was associated with 1.58- (95% CI 1.01-2.47), 1.53- (95% CI 1.27-1.84), and 1.14 (95% CI 1.02-1.26)-fold higher odds for ischemic heart disease. In subgroup analyses, the ≥ 60-year-old group, men, individuals with low income, and urban groups demonstrated higher odds associated with 1-month exposure to SO
. Short-term exposure to SO
and long-term exposure to SO
O
, and PM
were related to ischemic heart disease.
To evaluate the relationship among smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity and benign or malignant parotid tumors in a Korean population.
The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health ...Screening Cohort (for ≥40-year-olds) was assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 336 benign parotid tumors and 46 malignant parotid tumors were matched with controls at a ratio of 1 to 4 with respect to age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed previous histories of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity. By unconditional logistic regression analyses, the crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were investigated and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were counted.
The estimated annual incidence of the benign parotid tumors was 5.66 per 100,000, and that of the malignant parotid tumor was 0.81 per 100,000. The adjusted ORs of smoking for the benign parotid tumors was 2.52 (95% CI, 1.84 to 3.46). This finding was consistent in the subgroups of <60 years old, ≥60 years old, and men. The adjusted ORs of alcohol consumption for the benign parotid tumors showed the statistical significance only in women (adjusted OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.10 to 5.00). Obesity did not reach a statistical significance in any analysis.
Benign parotid tumor was related with smoking, and it was linked with alcohol consumption in women only.
This study was aimed to compare the risk of pneumonia between patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and those without CRS (control) in a Korean population. The population aged 40 years or over ...was included from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. Participants with CRS (n = 6393) and controls (n = 25,572) were selected by 1:4 matching for age, sex, income, region of residence, and history of pneumonia for the previous 1 year. The index date (ID) of the controls was set as the treatment date of their matched CRS participants. The incidence of pneumonia after the ID was measured from 2003 to 2015. Simple and multiple linear regressions were performed to calculate estimated values (EVs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 1-y post-ID pneumonia, 2-y post-ID pneumonia, and 3-y post-ID pneumonia in CRS participants compared to controls. Statistical significance was noted in the 3-y post-ID period (EV = 0.017, 95% CI = 0.002-0.031, P = 0.030). In the subgroup analyses according to age and sex, statistical significance was seen in the younger age group (< 60 years old) in the 3-y post-ID period and in the female group in the 1-y and 3-y post-ID periods. This study revealed an increased risk for pneumonia following a diagnosis of CRS.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association of previous stain use with hearing impairment in an adult population. Data from the ≥ 40-year-old population in the Korean National Health ...Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort were used. The hearing impairment group was classified based on the national registry of hearing-impaired persons. Control participants were randomly selected and matched for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The number of days of statin prescription during the 2 years before the diagnosis of hearing impairment was compared between the hearing impairment group and the control group using conditional logistic regression analysis. Additional analyses were conducted according to age and sex. The number of days of previous statin use was not different between the hearing impairment group and the control group (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.86–1.02,
P
= 0.118). According to age, in the ≥ 70-year-old group, those with hearing impairment had 11% lower rates of previous statin use than those in the control group (aOR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80–0.99,
P
= 0.039). According to sex, in the male group, 12% lower rates of previous statin use were observed among those with hearing impairment than among those in the control group (aOR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.79–0.99,
P
= 0.037). Previous statin use might have an effect on reducing the prevalence of hearing impairment in elderly individuals and men.
We hypothesized that asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) might increase the risk of chronic otitis media (COM), as asthma or COPD affects other diseases. The aim of this research was ...to investigate whether the incidence of COM is affected by a diagnosis of asthma or COPD in patients compared to matched controls from the national health screening cohort. A COM group (n = 11,587) and a control group that was 1:4 matched for age, sex, income, and residence area (n = 46,348) were selected. The control group included participants who never received treatment for COM from Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 to 2015. The crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of previous asthma/COPD before the index date for COM were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. The analyses were stratified by age, sex, income, and region of residence. The period prevalence of asthma (17.5% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001) and COPD (6.6% vs. 5.0%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the COM group than in the control group. In addition, the odds of asthma and COPD were significantly higher in the COM group than in the control group. Both asthma (adjusted OR 1.23, 95% confidence interval CI 1.16-1.31, p < 0.001) and COPD (adjusted OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.13-1.35, p < 0.001) increased the ORs for COM. This positive association between asthma/COPD and COM indicates that asthma/COPD might increase the incidence of COM.
Association between asthma and cardiovascular disease Wee, Jee Hye; Park, Min Woo; Min, Chanyang ...
European journal of clinical investigation,
March 2021, 2021-Mar, 2021-03-00, 20210301, Letnik:
51, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Background
Epidemiological studies on the association between asthma and cardiovascular disease have reported conflicting results. This cross‐sectional study evaluated the association between asthma ...and ischaemic heart disease (IHD)/stroke in Korean adults.
Materials and methods
Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study‐Health Examinees were used. Among 173 209 participants, 3162 asthmatic and 159 408 control participants were selected. Histories of asthma, IHD and stroke were obtained. Participants were categorized according to their current status of asthma management: 'well‐controlled', 'being treated', and 'not being treated'. Crude and adjusted (age, gender, body mass index, income, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and nutritional intake) odds ratios (ORs) for IHD and stroke in asthmatic patients were analysed using a multiple logistic regression model.
Results
Participants with asthma reported a significantly higher prevalence of IHD (6.0% vs 3.0%) and stroke (2.3% vs 1.4%) than those without asthma (P < .001). Asthmatic participants had a higher OR (1.46, 95% confidence interval CI = 1.251‐1.71, P < .001) for IHD than those without asthma. The association between asthma and IHD was significant only in patients aged ≥53 years (men: adjusted OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.01‐1.70, P = .046; women: adjusted OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.32‐2.03, P < .001) according to age and sex and in the 'not being treated' asthma group (adjusted OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.14‐1.91, P = .003) according to the asthma management status. Stroke was not significantly associated with asthma (adjusted OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.92‐1.48, P = .203) in the adjusted model and all subgroup analyses.
Conclusion
Asthma was associated with IHD, mainly in older patients and untreated asthma patients, but not with stroke.
•Two studies were conducted for the association between psoriasis and depression.•The distributions were comparably matched between psoriasis and control I group.•The distributions were comparably ...matched between depression and control II group.•Depression occurred more frequently in psoriasis patients.•Psoriasis occurred more frequently in younger and older males with depression.
Few studies have investigated the bidirectional association between psoriasis and depression. The aim of our study was to identify the association between psoriasis and depression.
Data collected by the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment from 2002 to 2013 were used. In study I, psoriasis patients (n = 10,932) were matched 1:4 with control I group participants. In study II, depression patients (n = 60,383) were matched 1:4 with control II group participants. Matching was performed for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The stratified Cox-proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) with crude and adjusted models.
In study I, the adjusted HR for depression was 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.24) in the psoriasis group compared to the control I group. In study II, the adjusted HR for depression was 1.11 (95% CI = 1.00–1.22) in the depression group compared to the control II group. In the subgroup analyses, the adjusted HRs for depression were 1.24 (95% CI = 1.00 – 1.53) in females aged < 40 years and 1.31 (95% CI = 1.04 - 1.66) in males aged ≥ 60 years. In the subgroup analyses from study II, the adjusted HRs for psoriasis were 1.56 (95% CI = 1.15 – 2.12) in males aged < 40 years and 1.35 (95% CI = 1.04 – 1.75) in males aged ≥ 60 years.
We suggest that psoriasis and depression might have a bidirectional association.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of weather conditions and air pollution on the onset of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service - ...National Sample Cohort (HIRA-NSC) from 2002 through 2013 was used. A total of 5,200 participants with SSNHL were matched 1:4 for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia with 20,800 control participants. Meteorological data included daily mean temperature (°C), daily highest temperature (°C), daily lowest temperature (°C), daily temperature difference (°C), relative humidity (%), ambient atmospheric pressure (hPa), pressure, SO
(ppm), NO
(ppm), O
(ppm), CO (ppm), and PM
(μg/m
) of a mean of 60 days, 30 days, 14 days, 7 days, and 3 days before SSNHL were analyzed. Hourly measurements were taken from 94 places to assess the temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure and from 273 places to determine SO
, NO
, O
, CO, and PM
. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of meteorological data for SSNHL were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age and sex. The mean NO
and O
concentrations 14 days before the index date were different in the SSNHL group compared to those in the control group (P < 0.001 for NO
and P = 0.021 for O
). The adjusted 14-day OR for NO
(0.1 ppm) exposure was 3.12 in the SSNHL group compared to that in the control group (95% CI = 2.16-4.49, P < 0.001). The increased odds of NO
exposure for 14 days in the SSNHL group persisted in the age group older than 30 years for both sexes. Other meteorological conditions did not show differences between the SSNHL and control groups. SSNHL was associated with high concentrations of NO
The aim of this study was to evaluate an epidemiologic association of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) using a national sample cohort of the Korean population. We collected data from the ...Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Sample Cohort between 2002 and 2013, and two different case-control cohorts were designed (1st: asthmatic patients matched in a 1:1 ratio with 204,119 non-asthmatics as control I, 2nd: CRS patients matched in a 1:4 ratio with 124,020 non-CRS patients as control II). Bidirectional association was examined using Cox proportional hazard models stratified by age, sex, income, and region of residence. Patients with asthma had an increased risk of developing CRS adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.74 (1.67-1.80), both with nasal polyps 1.55 (1.36-1.78), without nasal polyps 1.74 (1.67-1.81). In the second cohort, patients with CRS had increased risk of developing asthma 1.85 (1.80-1.91) with similar results for those with and without nasal polyps. The strongest association for risk of CRS was in 20-39 years old men with asthma 2.41 (1.97-2.96), while the strongest association for increased risk of asthma in those with CRS group was also seen in this same subgroup 2.40 (2.18-2.63). CRS and asthma had a bidirectional influence on each other. CRS increased the risk of asthma, and asthma increased the risk of CRS, especially in young men.
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