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•Red propolis hydroalcoholic extract (RPHE) inhibited oxidation of tilapia salami.•0,4% RPHE inhibited putrefaction of tilapia salami.•RPHE showed weak bactericidal activity against ...the starter culture.•Tilapia salami with 0.4% RPHE was sensorially well accepted.•RPHE has the potential to replace the synthetic preservative BHT.
To reduce the number of preservatives in foods, this study evaluated the oxidative, microbiological, and sensory stability of fish salami containing a red propolis hydroalcoholic extract (RPHE) in place of the butyl hydroxytoluene (BHT) antioxidant. Initially, the RPHE was characterized chemically and biologically. Subsequently, the antimicrobial and physicochemical activity of the most accepted salami formulation in sensory analysis (F3 = 0.4% RPHE) and of the control formulations (F1 = 0.01% BHT and F5 = without antioxidant) were evaluated during the maturation. RPHE showed promising biological activity. 16 chemical compounds were identified in the RPHE, including the chemical marker formononetin. Salami with 0.4% RPHE showed high sensory acceptance and effectively delayed deterioration (19.67 mg TVB-N 100/g) and lipid oxidation of salami (0.7 mg MDA eq/kg). The use of RPHE as a natural preservative is promising to produce fish salami.
The aim of this research was to determine the phytoconstituents of the essential oil (EO) obtained from stems of Croton tricolor and to study its antifungal activity against several Candida species. ...The EO was extracted from C. tricolor stems by hydrodistillation with a Clevenger apparatus. This EO was characterized by four major components: epiglobulol, α-bisabolol, α-trans-bergamotol and β-caryophyllene. Microbiological assays were performed using the microdilution method in liquid medium to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each Candida strain. EO concentrations from 1.0 to 1024 μg/mL inhibited the growth of all tested strains. Overall, the microbiological assays showed that C. tricolor EO has significant inhibitory activity against several Candida species. Thus, the C. tricolor stem EO is a promising natural product in the treatment of candidiasis.
•Cyclolaudenol was the major constituent of the green propolis extract.•Brazilian green propolis showed great potencial for fish bilayer coating.•Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of propolis ...aid in the conservation of fish fillets.•The sodium alginate bilayer coating showed high sensorial acceptance.
Fish deterioration imposes great economic losses and serious human health hazards. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of a sodium alginate bilayer coating incorporated to the green propolis extract in shelf-life, physical–chemical properties, microbiological properties and sensory acceptance of Colossoma macropomum fillets. Additionally, the chemical composition, along with the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brazilian green propolis extract (GPE) were investigated. GPE showed promising antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Twenty-seven metabolites were identified by gas chromatography (GC–MS), which mainly comprised terpenoids (52.14%). Cyclolaudenol was the major constituent of the GPE and it is described for the first time in green propolis extracts. C. macropomum fillets treated with the sodium alginate bilayer coating showed high sensory acceptance, reduced microbial deterioration and extended shelf-life (up to 11 days) during cold storage. Taken together, these results show that GPE can be a great alternative of a natural preservative for fish coating.
The essential oils (EOs) from the Brazilian species Croton zehntneri, Pterodon emarginatus and Schinopsis brasiliensis were examined for their chemical constituents, and antioxidant and antimicrobial ...activities. The composition of EOs was determined by using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated through the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity was investigated against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (both Gram-negative), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Candida parapsilosis (fungus). The main components of C. zehntneri, P. emarginatus and S. brasiliensis were identified as estragole, trans-anethole, β-caryophyllene and myrcene. Among the EOs, P. emarginatus showed the highest antioxidant activity, with an IC
50
of 7.36 mg/mL and a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of 3748 μmol/g determined by DPPH and ORAC assays, respectively. All EOs showed low activities against the bacterial strains tested, whereas the C. zehntneri oil and its main constituent estragole exhibited an appreciable antifungal activity against C. parapsilosis.
Introdução: A esclerose hipotalâmica é uma condição rara caracterizada pela degeneração progressiva do hipotálamo, uma região crucial do cérebro responsável por diversas funções neuroendócrinas e ...autonômicas. Esta revisão integrativa tem como objetivo compreender melhor os aspectos clínicos, diagnóstico e tratamento dessa doença. Objetivo: Investigar a literatura científica atual sobre esclerose hipotalâmica, buscando compreender suas causas, manifestações clínicas, métodos de diagnóstico e opções terapêuticas disponíveis. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando bases de dados médicas, os descritores em ciências da saúde (DeCs): “Esclerose Hipotalâmica”, “Cuidados Psiquiátricos”, “Cirurgia”, “Integração de Cuidados”, combinados entre si pelos operadores booleanos AND e OR. Foram incluídos estudos que abordassem a esclerose hipotalâmica em humanos, publicados nos últimos dez anos. Resultados: A análise dos estudos selecionados revelou que a esclerose hipotalâmica pode apresentar uma ampla variedade de sintomas, incluindo distúrbios endócrinos, alterações no peso corporal, distúrbios do sono e disfunções autonômicas. O diagnóstico precoce é desafiador devido à raridade da condição e à diversidade de apresentações clínicas. O tratamento é principalmente sintomático e multidisciplinar, focado na gestão dos sintomas e na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Conclusão: A esclerose hipotalâmica é uma condição complexa e desafiadora, que requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar para diagnóstico e manejo adequados. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para elucidar melhor os mecanismos subjacentes, desenvolver métodos de diagnóstico mais precisos e identificar novas estratégias terapêuticas.
As hérnias de parede abdominal são uma condição comum e potencialmente debilitante, caracterizada pela protrusão de tecido abdominal através de uma fraqueza na parede muscular. Essa condição afeta ...milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo e pode resultar em dor, desconforto e complicações graves se não tratada adequadamente. Diante da prevalência e impacto clínico das hérnias de parede abdominal, a escolha da abordagem cirúrgica adequada é crucial para garantir resultados satisfatórios e prevenir recorrências. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é fornecer uma análise abrangente e atualizada das abordagens cirúrgicas para hérnias de parede abdominal, com foco na comparação de técnicas e resultados. Buscamos reunir evidências que possam orientar a prática clínica e ajudar os cirurgiões a tomar decisões informadas no manejo dessa condição comum. Metodologia:Os descritores de ciências da saúde utilizados incluíram "hérnia de parede abdominal", "cirurgia herniária", "técnicas cirúrgicas", "resultados cirúrgicos" e termos relacionados. A busca sistemática foi conduzida em bases de dados eletrônicas, como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, utilizando as estratégias de busca definidas. Foram incluídos estudos clínicos randomizados, estudos observacionais, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises publicados até a data da pesquisa. Resultados: A síntese das principais abordagens cirúrgicas para hérnias de parede abdominal, com base nos estudos selecionados. Foram identificadas e comparadas diferentes técnicas, incluindo hernioplastia aberta, laparoscópica e robótica, em termos de eficácia, segurança e resultados pós-operatórios. A análise dos resultados destacou as vantagens e limitações de cada abordagem, permitindo uma avaliação crítica das opções disponíveis. Conclusão: Esta revisão proporcionou uma visão abrangente das abordagens cirúrgicas para hérnias de parede abdominal, destacando a importância da escolha da técnica adequada para cada paciente. Ao considerar fatores como eficácia, segurança, tempo de recuperação e satisfação do paciente, os cirurgiões podem tomar decisões informadas que resultem em melhores resultados clínicos. Esperamos que este estudo contribua para uma prática clínica mais baseada em evidências e resultados positivos para os pacientes afetados por hérnias de parede abdominal.
Different data suggest that microglia may participate in the drug addiction process as these cells respond to neurochemical changes induced by the administration of these substances. In order to ...study the role of microglia in drug abuse, Swiss mice aged 8-9 weeks were treated with the CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 (40 mg/kg, p.o.) and submitted to behavioral sensitization or conditioned place preference (CPP) induced by cocaine (15 mg/kg, i.p.). Thereafter, brains were used to evaluate the effects of CSF1R inhibition and cocaine administration on morphological, biochemical and molecular changes. CSF1R inhibition attenuated behavioral sensitization, reduced the number of Iba-1
cells and increased ramification and lengths of the branches in the remaining microglia. Additionally, both cocaine and PLX3397 increased the cell body to total cell size ratio of Iba-1
cells, as well as CD68
and GFAP
stained areas, suggesting an activated pattern of the glial cells. Besides, CSF1R inhibition increased CX3CL1 levels in the striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, as well as reduced CX3CR1 expression in the hippocampus. In this region, cocaine also reduced BDNF levels, an effect that was enhanced by CSF1R inhibition. In summary, our results suggest that microglia participate in the behavioral and molecular changes induced by cocaine. This study contributes to the understanding of the role of microglia in cocaine addiction.
Background
The infections caused by fungi represent a global concern and an important cause of hospital admissions in endemic areas. The influence of socio‐environmental factors in infectious ...diseases has been documented; however, this phenomenon remains unclear regarding mycoses.
Objectives
This study aimed to analyse the spatio‐temporal dynamics of hospitalisations for mycoses (HM) and the association with socio‐economic and climate data in the Amazon‐Savanna Transition Region in the state of Maranhão, Brazil.
Methods
In this study, Spearman's correlation was applied to determine the correlation between HM, socio‐economic and climatic data obtained from national databases in the period from 1998 to 2016. Hospitalisations for mycoses data were spatialised and analysed using the local Moran's index.
Results
Our data revealed a negative and significant correlation between HM and socio‐economic data regarding population, demographic density, human development index, health facilities and sanitary sewage. Significant correlations were observed between HM and precipitation, maximum temperature and minimum temperature. The main modulating climatic variable was the minimum temperature. The spatial autocorrelation analysis showed the dynamics of HM in municipalities belonging to the different regions of the state influenced by socio‐economic conditions. We observed the presence of municipalities with high incidence of HM surrounded by others with low HM cases and vice versa.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that hospitalisations for mycoses represent an important indicator of socio‐environmental vulnerability in the Amazon‐Savanna transition region in Brazil. We encourage the adoption of measures to mitigate social and environmental impact on these diseases, especially in municipalities with low socio‐economic status.
New insights into the modulation of social, economic (HDI: human development index, health facilities, and sanitary sewage), and environmental conditions (precipitation, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature) on hospitalisations for mycoses, which represents an important indicator of socioenvironmental vulnerability. Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions together with climate variables such as precipitation and minimum and maximum temperatures may positively or negatively modulate depending on the etiologic agent of mycosis.
To assess different aspects of sexual function in men with spinal cord injury (SCI) using the Male Sexual Quotient (MSQ), a newly developed tool to assess sexual function and satisfaction.
...Cross-sectional study.
Tertiary rehabilitation center.
Patients (N=295) older than 18 years (mean age ± SD, 40.7±14.5y) with SCI for more than 1 year (median time since SCI, 3.6y; range, 1.6-7.0y) were assessed from February to August 2012. Patients completed the MSQ questionnaire and the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM).
Not applicable.
Performance in various domains of sexual function was evaluated using the MSQ and SHIM questionnaires.
Erectile function, ejaculation, and orgasm were the most severely affected domains. The median MSQ score was 40 (range, 8-66), and the median SHIM score was 5 (range, 0-16). The diagnostic properties of the 2 instruments were similar in the discrimination of sexually active subjects. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was .950 (95% confidence interval CI, .923-.979) for the MSQ and .942 (95% CI, .915-.968) for the SHIM. There was a strong correlation between the 2 instruments (r=.826; 95% CI, .802-.878).
Different domains of sexual function are severely impaired in men with SCI, although their sexual interest remains high. The MSQ and SHIM scores strongly correlate, but the MSQ provides a more comprehensive assessment of sexual dysfunction in male patients with SCI.
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