The ratios of mannuronic acid (M) to Guluronic acid (G) were determined in sodium alginate preparations from brown seaweeds. The M/G ratios widely varied according to the species of seaweed, ranging ...between 0.34 and 1.79. The M/G ratio of alginic acid preparation did not correlate with the intrinsic viscosity of its sodium salt solution, suggesting that the M/G ratio is not associated with the conformation of sodium alginate. On the other hand, the M/G ratios clearly correlated with its yield from a brown seaweed.
The effect of ethanol on the pyruvic acid productivity of sake yeasts in synthetic media was studied, to elucidate the mechanism of pyruvic acid in sake mash (moromi). A sake yeast, Kyokai No.9, was ...precultured in media composed of 2% glucose, 0.67% Yeast Niteogen Base w/o amino acid (pH 4.5) and ethanol of various concentrations. Resulted yeast cells were washed withwater, replaced in the fresh basal medium containing glucose as the sole carbon source at the density 1.6 x108 cells/ml, and incubated at 15°C. The pyruvic acid productivity in this culture was determined. Yeast cells grown in the preincubation with 8-10% ethanol had pyruvic acid productivity 1.8 times as high as those grown in the preincubation without ethanol. The increment in the productivity was also enhanced by the supplementation of L-lactic acid. The pyruvic acid productivity of the yeast cell depended on the ethanol concentration of the medium used for the preculture, while the productivity of the resting cells harvested from the preculture were not influenced by the concentration of ethanol in the replacement culture. The increment in the pyruvic acid productivity of the yeast cell grown in the presence of ethanol was seemed to be due to the reduction in the pyruvic acid assimilating ability.
A 68 years old male was admitted with dyspnea, wheezing and syncope fit due to cough attacks. Laboratory tests revealed marked obstructive disturbance in lung function and collapse of the trachea and ...main bronchi on expiration. Crescent moon type tracheobronchomalacia was diagnosed, and we treated by tracheoplasty. The procedure of choice was plication of the pars membranacea of trachea and main bronchi. Postoperatively his condition did not improve and he succumbed 23 days after the operation due to respiratory insufficiency. Autopsy revealed firm configuration of airway. Problems concerning the indications of surgery in such cases were discussed.
Thermal cracking of kerosene was carried out in a non-catalytic tubular cracker using steam as dilution gas, and the following conclusions were obtained under the conditions, cracking temperature ...550-570°C, dilution ratio 1.5-5.5 g-steam/g-kerosene and residence time 0.3 sec, 1) Total gas conversion and ethylene.conversion were over respective 0.7 g-gas/g-kerosene and 0.3g ethylene/g-kerosene according to conditions, and this ethylene yield of kerosene is not less than that of naphtha. 2) Thermal cracking was assumed to proceed ac cording to 1st order reaction of liquid component except severe conditions, and the rate constant was calculated as k=7.9 × 107 exp (-32 × 103/RT). 3) The effects of axial temperature distributions of tube wall on cracking progress were analysed numerically, and calculation results showed a fairly good agreement with experimental data.
In a series of 52 malignant thymic tumors at our institution between 19751986, there were 34 thymomas, 4 thymic carcinomas, 5 germ cell tumors, 1 thymic carcinoid, 1 thymic malignant fibrous ...histiocytoma, and 7 malignant lymphomas. Aggressive surgical resection of tumors combined with chemotherapy and/or irradiation were tried to perform for these tumors. Thymomas, thymic carcinomas, and a thymic carcinoid seem to be good after the treatment. On the other hand, germ cell tumors and malignant lymphomas seem to be not good. Treatment effects for complications of thymomas were not satisfactory except for myasthenia gravis. Localized recurrences could be managed by surgical resection and/or irradiation, and W-CT is a useful examination to detect recurrences of tumors at early stage.
A 42-year-old female visited the hospital because of a right breast tumor. On the first visit she had already massive local lymph nodes involvements and multiple bone metastases (T3N2M1, stage IV). ...Irradiation and chemoendocrine therapy were repeatedly performed after standard radical mastectomy, but the patient died of far advanced distant metastases at 19th month after the onset. Histological examination of the resected tumor revealed a variety of features, i.e., papillo-tubular growth, sarcomatous growth mainly composed of spindle cells, and the transition between the two. Thus, the tumor was diagnosed as papillo-tubular carcinoma with spindle cell metaplasia. Immunohistochemical stainings of the tumor showed that vimentin existed only in the sarcomatous region, and keratin was not detected in the tumor. The prognosis of patients with spindle cell carcinoma (so-called carcinosarcoma) is thought to be similar with that of common type of breast carcinoma, but it is still in controversy. Therefore, we investigated the relation between the prognosis and the existence of vimentin as a marker of sarcomatous change of the tumor in 65 patients with breast carcinoma. Vimentin was immunohistochemically detected in 7 carcinomas, in which a decrease in keratin was observed. Such findings indicated a decrease of feature of epitherial cell in the vimentin-positive carcinomas. Four out of the 7 patients with vimentin-positive tumor had metastatic lesions, and showed a poor prognosis compared to that of vimentin-negative patients.
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