Twin pregnancies (TP) have shown a greater risk of adverse perinatal outcomes than singletons have. However, there is still no consensus about whether the TP achieved by assisted reproduction ...techniques (ART) have worse perinatal outcomes compared with TP achieved spontaneously.
Compare the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes (preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, anemia, weight and destination of the newborn) in Mexican women with TP achieved spontaneously vs those with TP achieved by ART.
Historical cohort study with two sample groups: group 1, women with TP achieved spontaneously, and group 2, women with TP achieved by ART. Women with TP achieved by TRA were matched 1:1 with women with EG achieved spontaneously for age, weeks of gestation, chorionicity and body mass index at admission to prenatal care. Adverse perinatal outcomes were compared between the two groups and the odds ratio (OR) had a 95% confidence interval.
There were 57 women per group. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups except for nulliparity (38.6% in group 1 vs 82.5% in group 2 (p < 0.0001)). In group 2 there was a higher incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (group 1 (19.3%) vs. group 2 (42.1%), OR 2.5 (95% CI 1.07-5.8)). Newborns in group 2 were admitted to nursery more often than those in group 1 (49.1% vs. 35.1% OR 1.7 IC 95% 1.04-3.04). There was no difference in other adverse perinatal outcomes.
Mexican women with TP achieved by ART had higher risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to women with TP achieved spontaneously.
Background Recurrent infection syndrome (RIS) results from repeated interactions between hosts and environmental infectious agents and is considered normal (NRIS) because of its benign evolution and ...positive effects in the development of normal immune responses. Abnormal RIS (ARIS) is characterized by the unusually high frequency of severe infections, either as a result of anatomical or functional abnormalities or due to primary or secondary immunodeficiencies (PIDs and SIDs, respectively). Recurrent mucocutaneous infections (MCIs) can be manifestations of RIS or ARIS and could be more frequent in primary immunodeficiencies. Similarly, etiologic agents might vary from what is observed in the general population.
Methods We carried out a descriptive study to determine the prevalence of aerobic bacterial and fungal mucocutaneous infections in 452 patients with recurrent infections, using clinical records to establish immunological status associated with the presence and characteristics of the infections. Microbiological analyses from mucocutaneous lesions were used to confirm the etiology.
Results We found mucocutaneous infections in 50 patients for a total of 62 episodes (bacterial or fungal infections in 38 vs. 12 patients, respectively). Mucocutaneous infections were more frequent (21.8% vs. 9.1%; OR = 2.8) and recurrent (8.7% vs. 0.2%; P= 0.000) in primary immunodeficient patients. Furthermore, those with defects in phagocytic cells presented more mucocutaneous infections (56.2%) than patients with other primary immunodeficiencies (11.3%; OR = 10.1).
Conclusions Bacterial and fungal mucocutaneous infections are more frequent and severe in primary immunodeficient patients, particularly those with defective phagocytosis. Early and adequate assessment of the nature of mucocutaneous infections in ARIS should impact the ability of physicians to treat promptly, avoid complications and reduce the costs of medical assistance.
Background. Aortic diseases pose an important morbidity and mortality risk. The use of fluoroquinolones has been associated with an increased risk of aortic aneurism. The aim was to evaluate the ...relationship between fluoroquinolone therapy and the risk of developing aortic aneurysms or dissections in a population affiliated with the Colombian Health System. Methods. A case-control study using a systematized database with Colombian Health System affiliates. Patients with diagnoses of aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection were selected as cases, and four controls were matched to each case. Past, or any prior-year use of fluoroquinolone. The periods of fluoroquinolone exposure were divided into recent (30 days prior to diagnosis) and prior (between 31 and 365 days prior to diagnosis) exposures. The main outcomes and measures was the risk of developing aortic aneurysm or dissection. Results. We identified 847 cases and 3388 controls. The mean age was 68.0 years, and 52.4% of the patients were male. We identified 79 cases and 446 controls exposed to fluoroquinolones. Statistical analysis indicated that fluoroquinolones were associated with protection against developing aneurysms (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.55-0.85). This association was conserved in the conditional logistic regression model, for prior fluoroquinolone exposure and for patients of any age. Conclusions. Previous use of fluoroquinolones was associated with providing a protective factor greater than 30% for the development of aneurysms. Additional studies are needed to clarify the effect that these antibiotics have on the development of aneurysms and aortic dissections and the underlying mechanisms.Table 1. Characteristics of the aortic dissection and aneurysm cases and their respective controls, Colombia 2015.
The section Algarobia of genus Prosopis involves important natural resources in arid and semiarid regions of the world. Their rationale use requires a better knowledge of their biology, genetics and ...mating system. There are contradictory information about their mating system. Some authors claim they are protogynous and obligate outcrosser. However, some evidence have been shown indicating that they might not be protogynous and that they might be somewhat self‐fertile. The current paper analyses genetic structure and mating system parameters in populations of seven species of this section from South and North America based on isozyme data. In all species a significant homozygote excess was found in the offspring population but not in mother plant genotypes. Multilocus and mean single locus outcrossing rates (tm, ts) indicated that about 15 % selfing can occur in the studied populations. The heterogeneity between pollen and ovule allele frequencies was low suggesting population structuration, in agreement with the estimates of correlation of tmwithin progeny (rt) and correlation of outcrossed paternity (rp). The difference of FjS estimates between offspring and mother plants suggest some selection favouring heterozygotes between seedling and adult stages.
This paper presents an alternative procedure to solve the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) with
homogeneous fleet. The paper proposes a two-phase metaheuristic algorithm: routes design and ...fleet scheduling.
The first phase is based on heuristics and metaheuristics procedures in order to build an initial solution that is then
improved using tabu search to obtain non-dominated solutions in polynomial computational time. For the second
phase, corresponding to fleet scheduling, the problem is approached using an analogy with the identical parallel
machine scheduling problem. This procedure looks for the minimization of the fixed cost of using installed capacity
as the objective function. The proposed procedure was tested using both a random-generated instance and real
data, giving competitive results in comparison with other heuristics tested.
Este artigo apresenta um procedimento alternativo para resolver o problema de roteamento de veículos
com limitações de capacidade e frota homogênea (CVRP). Propõe-se um algoritmo metaheurístico que consta
da combinação de duas fases: desenho de rotas e planejamento da frota. A primeira fase está composta de procedimentos
heurísticos e metaheurísticos onde se constrói uma solução inicial que é melhorada mediante busca
tabu obtendo soluções não dominadas em tempo de cálculo polinomial. Para a segunda fase, correspondente ao
planejamento (scheduling) da frota, se propõe abordar o problema partindo de uma analogia com o problema
de programação de máquinas paralelas idênticas. Este procedimento tem como função objetivo minimizar o
custo fixo causado pela utilização da capacidade instalada. Esta alternativa se aplicou sobre uma instância gerada
aleatoriamente e uma instância real dando resultados significativos ao se comparar com as heurísticas avaliadas.
Este artículo presenta un procedimiento alternativo para resolver el problema de enrutamiento de
vehículos con limitaciones de capacidad y flota homogénea (CVRP). Se propone un algoritmo metaheurístico
que consta de la combinación de dos fases: diseño de rutas y planificación de la flota. La primera fase está
compuesta de procedimientos heurísticos y metaheurísticos donde se construye una solución inicial que es
mejorada mediante búsqueda tabú obteniendo soluciones no dominadas en tiempo de cálculo polinomial.
Para la segunda fase, correspondiente a la planificación (scheduling) de la flota, se propone abordar el problema
partiendo de una analogía con el problema de programación de máquinas paralelas idénticas. Este
procedimiento tiene como función objetivo minimizar el costo fijo causado por la utilización de la capacidad
instalada. Esta alternativa se aplicó sobre una instancia generada aleatoriamente y una instancia real
arrojando resultados significativos al compararse con las heurísticas evaluadas.
In this paper simulated annealing and genetic algorithms are applied to the graph partitioning problem. These techniques mimic processes in statistical mechanics and biology, respectively, and are ...the most popular meta-heuristics or general-purpose optimization strategies. A hybrid algorithm for circuit partitioning, which uses tabu search to improve the simulated annealing meta-heuristics, is also proposed and compared with pure tabu search and simulated annealing algorithms, and also with a genetic algorithm. The solutions obtained are compared and evaluated by including the hybrid partitioning algorithm in a parallel test generator which is used to determine the test patterns for the circuits of the frequently used ISCAS benchmark set.
PDF
