Abstract This study aimed to understand the meanings that homosexual and bisexual women give to the state of health and illness and the way they evaluate their own state of well-being. It is a ...qualitative research study consisting of the accounts of 14 women from the municipality of Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil. Medical anthropology and gender studies contributed to analyzing the categories “Dimensions of health and disease” and “Looking at one’s own health”. These sections discuss the dualistic mind-body perspectives that etiologically characterized the health-disease process in these interlocutors’ view. In addition, the sociocultural context was understood as shaping the way they translated and evaluated their own health condition, a context crossed by their bisexual and lesbian experience. Therefore, the interviewees’ sexual identities and behaviors challenge the rigid way the health-disease process is interpreted by biomedical knowledge, questioning practices that marginalize these women in health care services.
Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender os sentidos que mulheres homossexuais e bissexuais dão ao estado de saúde e doença e a forma como avaliam o seu próprio quadro de bem-estar. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa constituída pelos relatos de 14 mulheres do município de Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brasil. A antropologia médica e os estudos sobre gênero contribuíram para analisar as categorias “Dimensões da saúde e da doença” e “O olhar sobre a própria saúde”. Nessas seções, são discutidas as perspectivas dualistas mente-corpo que caracterizavam etiologicamente o processo saúde-doença na visão dessas interlocutoras. Ademais, o contexto sociocultural foi compreendido como formatador da maneira como traduziam e avaliavam a sua própria condição de saúde, contexto esse atravessado pela vivência bissexual e lésbica. Portanto, as identidades e os comportamentos sexuais das entrevistadas friccionam a rigidez como o processo saúde-doença é interpretado pelo saber biomédico, questionando práticas que marginalizam essas mulheres nos serviços de assistência à saúde.
Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender os sentidos que mulheres homossexuais e bissexuais dão ao estado de saúde e doença e a forma como avaliam o seu próprio quadro de bem-estar. ...Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa constituída pelos relatos de 14 mulheres do município de Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brasil. A antropologia médica e os estudos sobre gênero contribuíram para analisar as categorias “Dimensões da saúde e da doença” e “O olhar sobre a própria saúde”. Nessas seções, são discutidas as perspectivas dualistas mente-corpo que caracterizavam etiologicamente o processo saúde-doença na visão dessas interlocutoras. Ademais, o contexto sociocultural foi compreendido como formatador da maneira como traduziam e avaliavam a sua própria condição de saúde, contexto esse atravessado pela vivência bissexual e lésbica. Portanto, as identidades e os comportamentos sexuais das entrevistadas friccionam a rigidez como o processo saúde-doença é interpretado pelo saber biomédico, questionando práticas que marginalizam essas mulheres nos serviços de assistência à saúde.
Abstract This study aimed to understand the meanings that homosexual and bisexual women give to the state of health and illness and the way they evaluate their own state of well-being. It is a qualitative research study consisting of the accounts of 14 women from the municipality of Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil. Medical anthropology and gender studies contributed to analyzing the categories “Dimensions of health and disease” and “Looking at one’s own health”. These sections discuss the dualistic mind-body perspectives that etiologically characterized the health-disease process in these interlocutors’ view. In addition, the sociocultural context was understood as shaping the way they translated and evaluated their own health condition, a context crossed by their bisexual and lesbian experience. Therefore, the interviewees’ sexual identities and behaviors challenge the rigid way the health-disease process is interpreted by biomedical knowledge, questioning practices that marginalize these women in health care services.
Resumo Objetivos: compreender as problemáticas decorrentes da estigmatização do HIV sobre a vida profissional de trabalhadores soropositivos. Métodos: estudo de abordagem qualitativa com realização ...de entrevistas semiestruturadas, cujos dados foram categorizados utilizando a técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 15 participantes do grupo de adesão do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento de Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brasil. Os discursos foram tratados à luz da teoria do estigma proposta por Erving Goffman. Resultados: a partir da análise, emergiram três categorias: barreiras - “… porque nunca vão me querer”; perdas - “… umas me deram amizade, outros me deram preconceito”; e silêncio - “… ficar… em silêncio todo o tempo”. Discussão: as barreiras interpostas aos interlocutores contribuem para uma percepção negativa da possibilidade de reinserção no mercado de trabalho. A prática de demissões discriminatórias leva os trabalhadores a manterem silêncio constante sobre a situação soropositiva, para que o estigma do HIV não os torne alvo de discriminação no ambiente de trabalho.
Abstract Objectives: to understand the issues from HIV stigmatization over the professional life of seropositive workers. Methods: qualitative study with semi-structured interviews, whose data were categorized by using the technique of content analysis in the thematic modality. The subjects of the research are 15 participants of the Group of Adhesion of the Testing and Counseling Center of Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil. The discourses were treated in the light of the Theory of Stigma proposed by Erving Goffman. Results: from the analysis, three categories emerged: barriers - “… because they will never want me;” losses - “… some showed me friendship, some showed me prejudice;” and silence - “… keep… silent all the time.” Discussion: the barriers imposed to the interlocutors contribute to a negative perception of the possibility of reinsertion in the job market. The practice of discriminatory lay-offs leads workers to keep constant silence about the seropositive situation so that the HIV stigma does not turn them into targets of discrimination at the work environment.
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome is an, often fatal, emerging zoonotic disease in the Americas caused by hantaviruses (family: Hantaviridae). In Brazil, hantavirus routine diagnosis is based on serology ...(IgM-ELISA) while RT-PCR is often used to confirm acute infection. A Semi-nested RT-PCR and an internally controlled RT-qPCR assays were developed for detection and quantification of four hantaviruses strains circulating in the Brazilian Amazon: Anajatuba (ANAJV) and Castelo dos Sonhos (CASV) strains of Andes virus (ANDV) species; and Rio Mamoré (RIOMV) and Laguna Negra (LNV) strains of LNV species. A consensus region in the N gene of these hantaviruses was used to design the primer sets and a hydrolysis probe. In vitro transcribed RNA was diluted in standards with known concentration. MS2 bacteriophage RNA was detected together with hantavirus RNA as an exogenous control in a duplex reaction. RT-qPCR efficiency was around 100% and the limit of detection was 0.9 copies/μL of RNA for RT-qPCR and 10 copies/μL of RNA for Semi-nested RT-PCR. There was no amplification of either negative samples or samples positive to other pathogens. To assess the protocol for clinical sensitivity, specificity and general accuracy values, both assays were used to test two groups of samples: one comprising patients with disease (n = 50) and other containing samples from healthy individuals (n = 50), according to IgM-ELISA results. A third group of samples (n = 27) infected with other pathogens were tested for specificity analysis. RT-qPCR was more sensitive than semi-nested RT-PCR, being able to detect three samples undetected by conventional RT-PCR. RT-qPCR clinical sensitivity, specificity and general accuracy values were 92.5%, 100% and 97.63%, respectively. Thus, the assays developed in this study were able to detect the four Brazilian Amazon hantaviruses with good specificity and sensitivity, and may become powerful tools in diagnostic, surveillance and research applications of these and possibly other hantaviruses.
The quality and quantity of water available for both economic growth and life sustainability is one of the major challenges for the sustainable development in the 21st century. This challenge ...requires research focused on the monitoring of time changes in water properties in several spatial scales. Satellite remote sensing has been applied as an alternative for providing information on optically active components, which act as indicators of water quality. Satellite remote sensing performance, however, varies from one aquatic system to another depending on several factors, such as size, depth, optical properties. This study, therefore, aims to explore the viability of applying remote sensing for monitoring the UHE Mauá reservoir, located in Paraná State. For that, an experiment was carried out to obtain water samples at 24 random samples distributed into the reservoir. Those samples were analyzed in laboratory and optically active components, namely, total suspended solids (TSS) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration determined. Surface remote sensing reflectance provided by Landsat/OLI images almost concurrently to satellite overpass was computed for each sample in order to assess the best set of spectral bands and band combinations for estimating the concentrations of TSS and Chl-a. Results indicate that Chl-a was the optically active component spanning the widest range of variability in the Mauá reservoir and having the highest potential to be estimated using remote sensing OLI band 3 (green) explained more than 70 % in chlorophyll-a concentration. This paper is an extended version of Pereira et al. (2017), presented in XVIII Brazilian Symposium on GeoInformatics (GEOINFO 2017).
A Contabilidade pode ser considerada um sistema de informações (SI), por se caracterizar como um processo comunicativo que coleta, armazena, processa e distribui informações aos usuários. Os SI, em ...geral, são utilizados para armazenar e transformar dados em informações úteis, relevantes, claras e acuradas para o processo decisório. Os chamados Sistemas de Informações Contábeis (SIC) abrangem a organização como um todo, contemplando todos os processos de negócio. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou mensurar a satisfação de usuários de SIC e identificar as limitações por eles apontadas. Por meio do método survey, foram aplicados questionários a diversos gestores, que avaliaram os SI e apontaram as principais restrições das informações geradas por tais sistemas. A análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos questionários aponta que os usuários de SIC buscam um sistema confiável, acessível, integrado e flexível, que gere informações acuradas, concisas e claras.
Zika virus (ZIKV), an arthropod-born Flavivirus, has been associated with a wide range of neurological diseases in adults, foetuses and neonates. Since no vaccine is available, repurposing of ...antiviral drugs currently in medical use is necessary. Mefloquine has confirmed anti-ZIKV activity. We used medicinal chemistry-driven approaches to synthesize and evaluate the ability of a series of new 2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinoline derivatives to inhibit ZIKV replication in vitro, in order to improve the potency of mefloquine. We found that quinoline derivatives 3a and 4 were the most potent compounds within this series, both with mean EC50 values of 0.8 μM, which represents a potency 5 times that of mefloquine. These results indicate that new 2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinoline chemical structures may be promising for the development of novel anti-ZIKV drugs.
We synthesized and evaluated the ability of a series of new 2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinoline derivatives to inhibit ZIKV replication in vitro. Display omitted
•Mefloquine is more potent than chloroquine against Zika virus replication.•Seven analogs of 2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolones has been synthesized.•Analogs with C-4 modification were more potent than mefloquine against Zika virus replication.
Pitanga, a fruit of the pitangueira tree (Eugenia uniflora L.), is native to Brazil and has a high antioxidant capacity due to the elevated amount of anthocyanins. The present study aimed to ...investigate the chemical composition of the purple pitanga fruit and to evaluate its antioxidant effect in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We observed that the ethanolic extract of purple pitanga did not cause any toxic effects but notably increased worm lifespan. The extract improved the survival, reproduction and lifespan of the worms in pre- and post-exposure to stressors H2O2 and juglone, as well as improved the lifespan of the oxidative stress hypersensitive strain mev-1. Notably, PPE extract decreased reactive oxygen species by DCF-DA probe and protein carbonyl content from worms stressed with H2O2. The extract also affected the expression of superoxide dismutase SOD-3 and heat shock protein HSP-16.2 levels, daf 16 target genes that modulate lifespan and antioxidant metabolism. In addition, we demonstrate that these effects are dependent on DAF-16, as PPE extract did not provide protection in daf-16 mutants. Therefore, these results suggest that PPE significantly protected against oxidative stress modulating daf-16 target genes.
•Purple pitanga fruit has antioxidant power due to high anthocyanins content.•Fruit extract increase the lifespan and have no toxic effect in C. elegans.•Purple pitanga protect and reverse the damage promoted by H2O2 and juglone.•Antioxidant proteins and heat shock are modulated by the purple pitanga fruit extract.•Purple pitanga extract is able to modulate the expression of DAF-16/FOXO.
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