Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas need to be reliably diagnosed for the optimal management. Recently, in preference to beta2-transferrin, another CSF protein, beta-trace protein (betaTP), is ...similarly used with a new method for CSF diagnosis. This study evaluates the sensitive interpretation and limits of this new betaTP test for use in routine CSF fistula diagnosis.
Nephelometric detection of betaTP has been made in nasal secretion, serum, and CSF samples from healthy individuals as well as patients with reduced glomerular filtration rate and with bacterial meningitis. Additionally, 53 patients with suspected CSF rhinorrhea are also analyzed.
The betaTP test can also be used to reliably diagnose CSF rhinorrhea even slightly better than the beta2-transferrin test. It should not be used for patients with renal insufficiency and bacterial meningitis as they substantially increase serum and decrease CSF betaTP values, respectively.
Quantitative measurement of betaTP is a noninvasive, highly sensitive, quick, and inexpensive method that can be used for the detection of CSF rhinorrhea in nasal secretions. However, in cases where there is doubt about the interpretation, the results should be proved with beta2-transferrin test or sodium-fluorescein test.
We have isolated and characterized the porcine testis-specific phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (PGK2) gene, and 1665 bp of full-length PGK2 cDNA were also compiled using modified rapid amplification ...5'-RACE and 3'-RACE information. The results of genomic and cDNA sequences of the porcine PGK2 gene demonstrated that it is a single-exon intronless gene with a complete open reading frame of 1251 bp encoding a PGK protein of 417 amino acids. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that PGK2 mRNA was solely expressed in the testis. There was a lower amount of PGK2 expression in the testis of a 10-month-old herniated boar and a very small amount of PGK2 expression in the testis of an 8-week-old cryptorchid piglet compared to an adult boar. Two SNPs in the PGK2 gene (SNP-A: T427C; SNP-B: C914A) resulting in amino acid substitutions (SNP-A: Ser^sup 102^-Pro^sup 102^; SNP-B: Thr^sup 264^-Lys^sup 264^) were detected and genotyped among six pig breeds. The nucleotide C at SNP-A responsible for the amino acid exchange to proline could lead to the loss of a casein kinase II (CK2) phosphorylation site in the PGK2 peptide. Association analyses between PGK2 genotypes and several traits of sperm quantity and quality were performed. The results showed that SNP-B has a positive significant effect on semen volume in the breed Pietrain (p=0.08), i.e., boars carrying genotype CC revealed an increased volume of 49 ml compared with boars having the genotype AA.PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Development of the anterior chordal canal Tóth, Miklós; Moser, Gerhard; Patonay, Lajos ...
Annals of anatomy,
2006, 2006-Jan, 2006-1-00, 20060101, Letnik:
188, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Resent advances have led to the reexamination of the intraosseous pathway of the chorda tympani a few years ago and they stated that the nerve never enters the mandibular fossa and its exit the skull ...base in the sphenopetrosal fissure. In our report, 58 temporal bones were investigated after maceration and formalin fixation in order to understand the development of the anterior chordal canal. Our study revealed that the chorda tympani leaves the tympanic cavity through the tympanosquamosal fissure before formation of the anterior chordal canal of Huguier. This canal is situated parallel to and in front of the musculotubal canal and formed by the processus inferior tegminis tympani and the sphenoid bone between the second and fifth years of age. Prior to the age of 2, only the exit of the bony canal exists which is gradually followed by the appearance of a groove in the growing processus inferior tegminis tympani. The borders of the groove elevate and develop to upper and lower plates which lengthen with similar plates of the sphenoid bone, completing the anterior chordal canal by the fifth postnatal year. The entrance of the canal develops above the petrotympanic fissure and similar to the canal itself, it is also completely formed in the fifth year. In case of an incomplete development the anterior chordal canal remains partially opened laterally which might allow the head of the mandibula to effect the chorda tympani mechanically causing Costen's syndrome.
The anatomy of the cochlea was investigated to obtain precise data for surgical cochlear implantation. The aim of this study has been to find the optimal site for cochleostomy, to determine the ...course of the basal turn and to define the relationship of the cochlea to the middle ear. Our study is the first to depict the cochlea in a classical coordinate system, to compare the anatomical situation to the surgical approaches, and, consequently, to offer firm anatomical basis for minimal invasive intervention. Thirty-five macerated temporal bones of otologically healthy individuals were used to study the surgical anatomy of the cochlea. The cochlea could be divided into three portions: promontorial, muscular and geniculo-tegmental, respectively. In the promontorial part, the basal turn has a characteristic turning around its own axis which is also indicated by the shifting with the bony spiral lamina. In addition to the basal turn, a small part of the second and third turns of the cochlea can be also revealed behind the promontory. The most superficial part of the cochlea forming the promontory is positioned behind the Jacobson's canal providing an optimal approach for cochleostomy. The geniculo-tegmental portion of the cochlea is almost as large as the promontorial part lying immediately under the tegmen tympani. This area is accessible only from the top using a transtemporal supralabyrinthine approach. The promontorial and muscular portions can be investigated from two directions: through the facial recess and through the external acoustic meatus.
Development of the protympanum Tóth, Miklós; Medvegy, Teréz; Moser, Gerhard ...
Annals of anatomy,
05/2006, Letnik:
188, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The protympanum, the only opening of the tympanic cavity, has enormous significance in the pathogenesis of middle ear inflammation. In our study, we analyzed 70 macerated temporal bones ...stereomicroscopically to understand the development of the protympanum. Details of this embryonic process were attained using histological sections made in frontal and horizontal planes. In contrast to recent descriptions, the present work reveals that almost the entire protympanum develops from different processes of the petrous bone. The tympanic bone takes part in forming only the posterior border of the lateral wall of the protympanum. Consequently the tympanic plate, which forms the inferior half of the mandibular fossa, is formed by two anlages. The anterosuperior quarter is formed by the petrous bone and the remainder by the tympanic bone. The main structures of the medial wall of the protympanum are the carotid canal with the internal carotid artery (ICA). The carotid canal starts to develop as two laminae of the petrous bone in the 18th fetal week. In cases of incomplete closure of these laminae the carotid canal occupies dehiscences increasing the danger of injury to the ICA. The presence of the ICA is necessary for the development of the carotid canal. If the artery takes an aberrant pathway in the tympanic cavity, or is absent, there is no sign of the carotid canal.
For detecting QTL in the whole swine genome, 1068 pigs from three F2 populations constructed by crossing European Wild boar and Pietrain (W x P), Meishan and Pietrain (M x P), and Wild Boar and ...Meishan (W x M) were genotyped for genetic markers evenly spaced at approximately 20 cM intervals. AQTL analysis was performed using a least-squares method. Here the results of the QTL analysis on the porcine chromosome 7 are presented. QTL for carcass composition (e.g. head weight, carcass length, backfat depth, abdominal fat and bacon meat) were mapped in the chromosomal region CYPA/CYPD-TNFB-S0102 in M x P and W x M, but not in W x P. The QTL explained 5.3%-27.2% of the F2 phenotypic variance in the two F2 populations. Most traits affected by the mapped QTL were related to carcass fatness. The mode of gene action of QTL was additive. Surprisingly, in contrast to the parental phenotype, the QTL alleles from fatty Meishan were associated with thinner backfat than Pietrain and Wild Boar alleles, suggesting that the genome of the fatty Meishan pig contains genes which can reduce fat content of carcass substantially.
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