The aim of this research was to examine the connection of body mass index of eighth grade students and their results in motor abilities test, with the purpose of gaining insight in which tests is ...that connection more or less expressed, or there isn’t any. The sample of subjects consisted of 66 male and 64 female students from four elementary schools from the Varaždin city area, who attended eighth grade in the school year of 2018/2019 For data analysis, the results of the final testing of motor abilities were used. The sample of variables consisted of six motor tests and two anthropometrical measures, student’s age and their body mass index. For all 10 variables the basic descriptive parameters were calculated (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum), both for female and male students. Further data processing was done by linear regression analysis – 6 x regression analysis for each motor ability. The results of the regression analysis in male students showed statistically significant connection of body mass index and four variables (standing long jump, shuttle run with carrying objects, sit and reach and pull-up hold), while in female students the connection was significant only in two variables (standing long jump and pull-up hold). Overweight and obesity of children and adolescents is a growing phenomenon all over the world. Motor abilities are an important indicator of physical activity and one of the possible indicators of the level of fitness. Overweight and obesity, as well as underweight, negatively influence the condition and development of motor abilities, and the role of Physical education classes are of great importance in prevention and promotion of healthy living habits of students.
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi povezanost indeksa tjelesne mase učenika osmih razreda sa rezultatima u testovima motoričkih sposobnosti. Svrha istraživanja je dobivanje uvida u kojim je ...testovima ta povezanost više, odnosno manje izražena, ili povezanosti nema. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 66 učenika i 64 učenice iz četiri osnovne škole sa područja grada Varaždina koji su polazili 8. razred školske godine 2018./2019. Za potrebe istraživanja korišteni su rezultati finalnih provjeravanja motoričkih sposobnosti u 8. razredima šk.god. 2018./2019. Uzorak varijabli činilo je njih deset: 6 motoričkih, 2 antropometrijske, dob učenika i indeks tjelesne mase. Za svih 10 varijabli izračunati su osnovni parametri deskriptivne statistike (aritmetička sredina, standardna devijacija, minimalna i maksimalna vrijednost), posebno za učenike te učenice. Daljnja obrada podataka učinjena je pomoću regresijske analize - 6x linearna regresija za svaku varijablu (motoričku sposobnost) posebno. Rezultati regresijske analize kod učenika pokazali su statistički značajnu povezanost indeksa tjelesne mase i četiri varijable (skok u dalj s mjesta, prenošenje pretrčavanjem, pretklon raznožno i izdržaj u visu zgibom), dok se kod učenica statistička značajnost očitovala u samo dvije (skok u dalj s mjesta i izdržaj u visu zgibom). Pretilost i prekomjerna tjelesna težina djece i adolescenata rastuća su pojava u cijelom svijetu. Motoričke sposobnosti jedan su od važnih pokazatelja bavljenja tjelesnim aktivnostima te jedan od mogućih pokazatelja razine tjelesne kondicije. Prekomjerna tjelesna težina negativno utječe na stanje i razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti te je utjecaj tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture od iznimnog značaja u prevenciji i promociji zdravih životnih navika učenika.
Najozbiljniji izazov u radu kontrolnih nadležnih tijela bit će sustav revizije. To se posebice odnosi na pripremu potrebnih obrazaca i obuke revizora s ciljem uvođenja objektivnosti i ...transparentnosti.
Posebno značenje imaju evidnecije kako bi se udovoljilo zahhtjevima proizvodnje sigurne hrane, ne samo u vrijeme revizije, nego i kada kontrolna nadzorna tijela nisu prisutna.
Komunikacija je temelj uspjeha. Sve zainteresirane strane svoje prosudbe će donositi u skladu s ciljevima obuhvaćenima Zakonom o hrani (kao i zakonima o dobrobiti životinja, kada je to potrebno).
Metastability of many-body quantum states is rare and still poorly understood. An exceptional example is the low-temperature metallic state of the layered dichalcogenide 1T-TaS
in which electronic ...order is frozen after external excitation. Here we visualize the microscopic dynamics of injected charges in the metastable state using a multiple-tip scanning tunnelling microscope. We observe non-thermal formation of a metastable network of dislocations interconnected by domain walls, that leads to macroscopic robustness of the state to external thermal perturbations, such as small applied currents. With higher currents, we observe annihilation of dislocations following topological rules, accompanied with a change of macroscopic electrical resistance. Modelling carrier injection into a Wigner crystal reveals the origin of formation of fractionalized, topologically entangled networks, which defines the spatial fabric through which single particle excitations propagate. The possibility of manipulating topological entanglement of such networks suggests the way forward in the search for elusive metastable states in quantum many body systems.
Bariatric surgery represents the most efficient approach to treatment of obesity; however, the detailed mechanism of its positive metabolic effect is still not fully understood. Cellular senescence ...arrests the cell cycle in damaged cells thus preventing further spreading of the damage. Persistence of senescent cells especially in adipose tissue can, however, contribute to the development of a number of chronic diseases including obesity and its complications. Reduction of adipose tissue after bariatric surgery can therefore reduce the number of senescent cells and their negative effects on organism.
17 patients with obesity (2nd grade and higher) scheduled for bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy) were included into the study. Subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue and plasma were collected during and 6 months after surgery. The analysis of samples included RT-qPCR (mRNA transcription in SAT) and ELISA or Luminex for detection of hormones and proteins from plasma.
Our results show that bariatric surgery reduces the amount of senescent cells in adipose tissue, which results in the decrease of oxidative stress and inflammation, partially also by reduced recruitment of pro-inflammatory macrophages. In addition, we detected lower plasma levels of soluble E-selectin and ICAM-1, molecules enhancing cardiovascular damage known to be produced by senescent cells, as well as decreased expression of ACE2, whose increased expression was detected in senescent cells. Importantly, we also observed decreased expression of ADAM17 responsible for producing a soluble form of ACE2, a newly identified predictor of cardiovascular damage.
In conclusion, reduction of senescent cells in adipose tissue after bariatric surgery contributes to improvement of inflammation and metabolic parameters in patients with obesity and decreases the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Disclosure
S.Stemberkova hubackova: None. T.Havrlantova: None. I.Simonik: None. M.Mraz: None. M.Haluzik: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk, Lilly Diabetes, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Research Support; Sanofi, Speaker's Bureau; Abbott, AstraZeneca.
Funding
Czech Health Science Foundation (NU22-01-00096); Programme EXCELES (LX22NPO5104); Czech Ministry of Health (IKEM, IN00023001)
The 4-biphenylnitrenium ion (BPN), a reactive metabolic intermediate of the tobacco smoke carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP), can react with nucleophilic sulfanyl groups in glutathione (GSH) as well ...as in proteins. The main site of attack of these S-nucleophiles was predicted using simple orientational rules of aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Thereafter, a series of presumptive 4-ABP metabolites and adducts with cysteine were synthesized, namely, S-(4-amino-3-biphenyl)cysteine (ABPC), N-acetyl-S-(4-amino-3-biphenyl)cysteine (4-amino-3-biphenylmercapturic acid, ABPMA), S-(4-acetamido-3-biphenyl)cysteine (AcABPC), and N-acetyl-S-(4-acetamido-3-biphenyl)cysteine (4-acetamido-3-biphenylmercapturic acid, AcABPMA). Then, globin and urine of rats dosed with a single ip dose of 4-ABP (27 mg/kg b.w.) was analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS2. ABPC was identified in acid-hydrolyzed globin at levels of 3.52 ± 0.50, 2.74 ± 0.51, and 1.25 ± 0.12 nmol/g globin (mean ± S.D.; n = 6) on days 1, 3, and 8 after dosing, respectively. In the urine collected on day 1 (0–24 h) after dosing, excretion of ABPMA, AcABPMA, and AcABPC amounted to 1.97 ± 0.88, 3.09 ± 0.75, and 3.69 ± 1.49 nmol/kg b.w. (mean ± S.D.; n = 6), respectively. On day 2, excretion of the metabolites decreased by one order of magnitude followed by a slower decrease on day 8. Regarding the possible formation of AcABPC from ABPC, N-acetylation of the amino group at the biphenyl moiety prior to that at cysteine appears to be very unlikely. Thus, the structure of AcABPC indicates the involvement of N-acetyl-4-biphenylnitrenium ion (AcBPN) and/or its reactive ester precursors in in vivo reactions with GSH and protein-bound cysteine. ABPC in globin might become an alternative biomarker of the dose of toxicologically relevant metabolic intermediates of 4-ABP.
Current trends in data processing have given impetus for an intense search of new concepts of memory devices with emphasis on efficiency, speed, and scalability. A promising new approach to memory ...storage is based on resistance switching between charge-ordered domain states in the layered dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2. Here we investigate the energy efficiency scaling of such charge configuration memory (CCM) devices as a function of device size and data write time τW as well as other parameters that have bearing on efficient device operation. We find that switching energy efficiency scales approximately linearly with both quantities over multiple decades, departing from linearity only when τW approaches the ∼0.5 ps intrinsic switching limit. Compared to current state of the art memory devices, CCM devices are found to be much faster and significantly more energy efficient, demonstrated here with two-terminal switching using 2.2 fJ, 16 ps electrical pulses.
PDF
