The aim of the study was to analyse the deviations of the body posture and to assess the occurrence of spine deformities. Additionally, Body Mass Index in school children was related to the trend in ...postural deformities for different age groups (5-8 years old, n=112; 9-11 years old, n=205; 12-14 years old, n=212) as part of the project "Spine Lab", granted from the European Commission IPA founds, investigating the importance of public health issues.
Body posture was measured using Contemplas 3D software analyser, based on video image trajectory and BIA weight scale (Tanita BC 420). Overall, 17 variables were assessed, and differences were confirmed using MANOVA analysis.
The results showed that there is a significant difference between age groups for the measured variables (F=9.27; p<0.01; η
=0.26), suggesting a moderate difference across the age span.
The study results showed that there is a negative trend of increasing Body Mass Index within the first and youngest age group. The fact is that the trend of increasing deformity of the shoulder belt has been noted, often inclining towards the formation of milder forms of kyphotic posture. Other forms of deformity that are accentuated in the survey results are the negative trend of increasing pelvic rotation and pelvis rotation which inclines towards the formation of lordotic posture for all three age groups.
The aim of the research was to determine correlations between body composition and situational motor movements in football. The sample consisted of 22 respondents (16-18 years of age, 179.6 ± 5.0 cm, ...71.2 ± 7.2 kg), selected from junior football players that compete at the highest competition level for this category in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For the purposes of this research, a set of 7 variables was used. The Pearson correlation coeffi cient determined a medium high correlation between explosive strength of sprint type - running at 10m with body weight (r = .473; p <.05), and with body mass index 10m (r = .576; p <.01). It can be concluded that more corpulent and havier players with optimum body mass index have better results in short sprint distance at 10m. The height of players does not make a signifi cant contribution to the realization of specifi c footbal movements. Favorable body composition is not suffi cient to explain the quality of the performance of specifi c motor movements in football.
The aim of this paper is to determine the differences in the level of morphological characteristics, speed abilities and aerobic endurance according to the team positions of top female football ...players. The study included 18 female football players (age 21.33±3.67, body mass index 20.94±1.95). Female football players are classified under the following team positions: defenders (n = 7; 23±16.4 years), midfielders (n = 6, 20.5±14.3 years) and attackers (n = 5; 20±31.3 years). The following tests were used: 0-5m sprint (s), 0-10m sprint (s), 0-20m sprint (s), 0-30m sprint (s) and Beep test. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the ratio of body weight (kg) and body height (cm). Based on the Beep test, the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) was calculated and presented in its relative value (ml/kg/min). The attackers had a higher body height (170.1±7.46) and weight (59.60±8.84) than those playing in midfield and defense positions. Also, the attackers were faster in the sprint on the 5m (1.17±.06), 10m (1.91±.06), 20m (3.27±.10) and 30m (4.51±.17) than female players in midfield and defense positions. Midfield players had higher level of VO2max (50.03±2.69) than female players in defensive and offensive team positions. Test results of univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there are significant differences in the level of morphological features, speed and aerobic endurance capabilities between the top female football players, regardless of their team position (p>0.05). It is obvious that good speed abilities on short sprint sections as well as high level of aerobic endurance at high intensity are required regardless of players team position in the women’s football. It is important to note that selection for team positions can not only be based on morphological characteristics, speed abilities and aerobic endurance of players. Also, tactical tasks as well as technical characteristics of players need to be considered for selection of team positions in the women’s football.
Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the study was to analyse the deviations of the body posture and to assess the occurrence of spine deformities. Additionally, Body Mass Index in school children was ...related to the trend in postural deformities for different age groups (5-8 years old, n=112; 9-11 years old, n=205; 12-14 years old, n=212) as part of the project “Spine Lab”, granted from the European Commission IPA founds, investigating the importance of public health issues.
Methods
Body posture was measured using Contemplas 3D software analyser, based on video image trajectory and BIA weight scale (Tanita BC 420). Overall, 17 variables were assessed, and differences were confirmed using MANOVA analysis.
Results
The results showed that there is a significant difference between age groups for the measured variables (F=9.27; p<0.01; η
Conclusion
The study results showed that there is a negative trend of increasing Body Mass Index within the first and youngest age group. The fact is that the trend of increasing deformity of the shoulder belt has been noted, often inclining towards the formation of milder forms of kyphotic posture. Other forms of deformity that are accentuated in the survey results are the negative trend of increasing pelvic rotation and pelvis rotation which inclines towards the formation of lordotic posture for all three age groups.
With the aim of establishing the latent structure of tactical elements in the attack and defense phases of soccer 117 tactical elements of soccer were defined and their importance assessed by means ...of 30 variables that determine the basic segments of the game of soccer. 93 attack and 24 defense tactical elements were chosen as the entity sample and described by the 15 variables of the attack phase and 15 variables of the defense phase. Ten competent soccer experts determined the characteristics of the aforementioned entities by means of 30 variables. The experts graded from 0 to 5 the impact of every entity (tactical technique) on the individual variables that describe soccer in its phases of either attack and defense. A high level of inter-expert agreement was reached in regard to the properties of attack and defense techniques, as demonstrated by the objectivity coefficients. According to principal component factor analysis and the Kaiser and Guttman rule a total of five significant latent dimensions were obtained: finishing efficiency, ball possession performance, counter-attack efficiency, combined defense performance, and obstruction and redirection of the opposing team's attack build-up. The research partly resolved the issue of the hypothetical structure of tactical techniques in soccer by dividing the game into phases and sub-phases, attack and defense players'positions, and types (styles) of play in the attack and defense. If it is clear which movement structures have the most significant influence on the efficiency on a particular playing position and performance in the sub-phases and styles of play, it would be possible to create such training operators that will facilitate the formation of the most important motor skills in soccer.
The aim of this study was to confirm the difference in basic motor and situational motor abilities of female handball players. Studies were conducted on 77 adult female handball players playing in ...the BiH First Federal League and the First League of the Republika Srpska. For basic-motor abilities, 18 variables were used which covered factors for estimating segmental speed, flexibility, coordination, power, repetitive power and balance. Situational motor capabilities were tested using five hypothetical latent factors which are responsible for situational efficiency in handball: speed of ball handling, precision, throwing strength, speed without the ball, and ball handling. Discriminative analysis of quantitative differences showed that statistically significant differences exist between the capabilities of players from the BiH First Federal League and the First League of the Republika Srpska. Our results can aid in better understanding, tracking, analyzing and perfecting conditioning and tactical preparation for female handball players at various levels of competition, all in the aim of achieving better quality of competition for senior handball players in BIH.
Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi razlike u bazično-motoričkim i situaciono-motoričkim sposobnostima rukometašica. Istraživanje je urađeno na 77 rukometašice, seniorskog uzrasta iz Prve ...federalne lige BIH i Prve lige Republike Srpske .U prostoru bazično-motoričke sposobnosti korišteno je 18 varijabli koje su obuhvatale faktore za procjenu segmentarne brzine, fleksibilnosti, koordinacije, eksplozivne snage, repetitivne snage i ravnoteže. Situaciono-motorički prostor je posmatran i obuhvata pet hipotetskih latentnih faktora koji su odgovorni za situacionu efikasnost u rukometu: brzina baratanja sa loptom, preciznost, snaga izbačaja lopte, brzina kretanja bez lopte, baratanje loptom. U analiza kvantitativnih razlika na multivarijantnom nivou, diskriminativnom analizom, između Prve federalne lige BIH i Prve lige Republike Srpske u situaciono-motoričkim i bazično-motoričkim sposobnostima dobili smo da se nivoi takmičenja razlikuju odnosno da postoji statistička značajnost između tretiranih nivoa takmičenja. Dobijeni rezultati mogu doprinijeti boljem razumijevanju praćenja, analiziranja te boljem usavršavanju kondicijske i tehničko-taktičke pripreme rukometašica na različitim nivoima takmičenja, a sve u cilju postizanja većeg kvaliteta takmičenja seniroskih rukometašica u Bosni i Hercegovini.
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