To evaluate the incidence and pathologic correlation of thin-section computed tomography (TSCT) findings in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF) with pulmonary emphysema.
Our study included ...172 consecutive patients who underwent TSCT and subsequent lobectomy. TSCT findings including clustered cysts with visible walls (CCVW) and ground-glass attenuation with/without reticulation (GGAR) were evaluated and compared in nonsmokers and smokers and among lung locations. TSCT findings, especially CCVW, were also compared with histological findings using lobectomy specimens.
The incidence of CCVW and GGAR was significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (34.1% and 40.7%, respectively, vs 2.0% and 12.2%). CCVW and GGAR were frequently found in the lower and peripheral zones. Histologically, CCVW corresponded more often with SRIF with emphysema than usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP, 63.3% vs 30%). CCVW of irregular size and shape were seen in 19 of 20 SRIF with emphysema and in seven of nine UIP-manifested areas with similar round cysts. A less-involved subpleural parenchyma was observed more frequently in SRIF with emphysema.
SRIF with emphysema is a more frequent pathological finding than UIP in patients with CCVW on TSCT. The irregular size and shape of CCVW and a less-involved subpleural parenchyma may be a clue suggesting the presence of SRIF with emphysema.
Hideji Otani,1 Tomonori Tanaka,2 Kiyoshi Murata,1 Junya Fukuoka,2 Norihisa Nitta,1 Yukihiro Nagatani,1 Akinaga Sonoda,1 Masashi Takahashi3 1Department of Radiology, Shiga University of Medical ...Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 2Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 3Department of Radiology, Yujin-Yamazaki Hospital, Takegahana-cho, Hikone, Shiga, Japan Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and pathologic correlation of thin-section computed tomography (TSCT) findings in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF) with pulmonary emphysema. Patients and methods: Our study included 172 consecutive patients who underwent TSCT and subsequent lobectomy. TSCT findings including clustered cysts with visible walls (CCVW) and ground-glass attenuation with/without reticulation (GGAR) were evaluated and compared in nonsmokers and smokers and among lung locations. TSCT findings, especially CCVW, were also compared with histological findings using lobectomy specimens. Results: The incidence of CCVW and GGAR was significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (34.1% and 40.7%, respectively, vs 2.0% and 12.2%). CCVW and GGAR were frequently found in the lower and peripheral zones. Histologically, CCVW corresponded more often with SRIF with emphysema than usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP, 63.3% vs 30%). CCVW of irregular size and shape were seen in 19 of 20 SRIF with emphysema and in seven of nine UIP-manifested areas with similar round cysts. A less-involved subpleural parenchyma was observed more frequently in SRIF with emphysema. Conclusion: SRIF with emphysema is a more frequent pathological finding than UIP in patients with CCVW on TSCT. The irregular size and shape of CCVW and a less-involved subpleural parenchyma may be a clue suggesting the presence of SRIF with emphysema. Keywords: pulmonary emphysema, smoking, usual interstitial pneumonia, honeycombing, smoking-related interstitial fibrosis, airspace enlargement with fibrosis
Sixteen compounds were isolated from the bark of
Tabebuia impetiginosa, whose structures were determined using both spectroscopic and chemical methods.
The bark of
Tabebuia impetiginosa afforded ...nineteen glycosides, consisting of four iridoid glycosides, two lignan glycosides, two isocoumarin glycosides, three phenylethanoid glycosides and eight phenolic glycosides. Their structures were determined using both spectroscopic and chemical methods. Iridoid glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides and lignan glycosides had ajugol, osmanthuside H and secoisolariciresinol 4-
O-β-
d-glucopyranoside as their structural elements, respectively, whereas the aglycone moieties of the isocoumarin glycosides were considered to be (−)-6-hydroxymellein. Phenolic glycosides had 4-methoxyphenol, 2,4-dimethoxyphenol, 3,4-dimethoxyphenol, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol and vanillyl 4-hydroxybenzoate as each aglycone moiety. Additionally, the sugar chains of these isocoumarin glycosides and phenolic glycosides were concluded to be β-
d-apiofuranosyl-(1
→
6)-β-
d-glucopyranoside as well as those of osmanthuside H and above phenylethanoid glycosides.
Cisplatin causes nephropathy accompanied by two types of cell death, necrosis and apoptosis, according to its dosage. The mechanisms of necrosis are still unclear. In this study, we examined how high ...doses of cisplatin induce cell injury and whether a high affinity sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT1) has a cytoprotective function in renal epithelial LLC-PK
1 cells. Cisplatin decreased in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and increased in the number of necrotic dead cells in a time dependent manner. Phloridzin, a potent SGLT1 inhibitor, enhanced both TER decrease and increase of necrotic dead cells caused by cisplatin. Cisplatin increased in the intracellular nitric oxide, superoxide anion and peroxynitrite productions. Phloridzin enhanced the peroxynitrite production caused by cisplatin. The intracellular diffusion of ZO-1 and TER decrease caused by cisplatin were inhibited by
N-nitro-
l-arginine methyl ester, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Protein kinase C was not involved in the cisplatin-induced injury. 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrinato iron (III) and reduced glutathione, peroxynitrite scavengers, inhibited the cisplatin-induced ZO-1 diffusion, TER decrease, and increase of necrotic dead cells. These results suggest that peroxynitrite is a key mediator in the nephrotoxicity caused by high doses of cisplatin. SGLT1 endogenously carries out the cytoprotective function by the reduction of peroxynitrite production.
We investigate the Hawking radiation in the gauge Higgs–Yukawa theory. The ballistic model is proposed as an effective description of the system. We find that a spherical domain wall around the black ...hole is formed by field dynamics rather than thermal phase transition. The formation is a general property of the black hole whose Hawking temperature is equal to or greater than the energy scale of the theory. The formation of the electroweak wall and that of the GUT wall are shown. We also find a phenomenon of the spontaneous charging-up of the black hole by the wall. The Hawking radiation drives a mechanism of the charge transportation into the black hole when C- and CP-violation are assumed. The mechanism can strongly transport the hyper-charge into a black hole of the electroweak scale.
A prototype for a bone-conducted ultrasonic hearing aid was developed for the profoundly deaf. Previous studies using bone-conducted ultrasonic hearing aid revealed intelligibility only with the use ...of acoustic media in transmitting language information. In this study, we investigated the effects of visual information (lip-reading information) on intelligibility in bone-conducted ultrasound perception of normal-hearing individuals. We found that lip-reading information had clear effects on bone-conducted ultrasound perception, showing that simultaneous presentation of audio and visual information improved intelligibility to levels sufficient for speech perception. Our findings also suggested the efficacy of use of signal processing techniques in improving the intelligibility of prior consonants. NeuroReport 21:119–122
Constituents from the Bark of Tabebuia impetiginosa Warashina, Tsutomu; Nagatani, Yoshimi; Noro, Tadataka
Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin,
2006, 20060000, 2006-Jan, 2006-00-00, 20060101, Letnik:
54, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Thirteen new phenolic glycosides were obtained by further study of constituents from the bark of Tabebuia impetiginosa (MART. ex DC) Standley (Bignoniaceae). The structures of these compounds were ...determined based on NMR, mass spectral and chemical evidence. Most of them have a glycosyl unit esterified by a benzoic acid derivative.
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