This comprehensive exploration delves into the pivotal role of microRNAs (miRNAs) within the intricate tapestry of cellular regulation. As potent orchestrators of gene expression, miRNAs exhibit ...diverse functions in cellular processes, extending their influence from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The complex journey of miRNA biogenesis, involving transcription, processing, and integration into the RNA-induced silencing complex, showcases their versatility. In the cytoplasm, mature miRNAs finely tune cellular functions by modulating target mRNA expression, while their reach extends into the nucleus, influencing transcriptional regulation and epigenetic modifications. Dysregulation of miRNAs becomes apparent in various pathologies, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions. The adaptability of miRNAs to environmental signals, interactions with transcription factors, and involvement in intricate regulatory networks underscore their significance. DNA methylation and histone modifications adds depth to understanding the dynamic regulation of miRNAs. Mechanisms like competition with RNA-binding proteins, sponging, and the control of miRNA levels through degradation and editing contribute to this complex regulation process. In this review, we mainly focus on how dysregulation of miRNA expression can be related with skin-related autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. We also emphasize the multifaceted roles of miRNAs, urging continued research to unravel their complexities. The mechanisms governing miRNA functions promise advancements in therapeutic interventions and enhanced insights into cellular dynamics in health and disease.
Objective: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary
autoinflammatory disease caused by the gain of function mutations
in the MEFV gene, which encodes pyrin protein. This study aimed to
...determine single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MIR197 gene locus
in FMF patients and healthy controls in Turkish population. We have
previously identified miR-197-3p as a differentially expressed miRNA in
FMF patients according to disease severity.
Methods: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples of
six FMF patients and 12 healthy controls. The MIR197 gene region
was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing
was performed. DNA sequence analysis results were analyzed with
the Chromas (version 2.33). Additionally, open access GWAS data
(Harvard Dataverse, V2; Turkish_A1_A2.txt) covering 1011 healthy
Turkish people was analyzed using R.
Results: Genetic variants in the MIR197 region were not detected in
study group. Also, we couldn’t find any genetic variants in the MIR197
region through the analysis of a GWAS study (Harvard Dataverse, V2;
Turkish_A1_A2.txt).
Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated that the dysregulated
miR-197-3p profile seen in FMF patients is not explained by variations
in the MIR197 gene locus. These results suggest that other factors
such as promotor methylation, histone modifications, other noncoding
RNAs and alterations in post-transcriptional processing may
be involved in the changes in miRNA expression and should be investigated further.
Objective: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) Is a hereditary autolnflammatory disease caused by the gain of function mutations in the MEFV gene, which encodes pyrin protein. This study aimed to ...determine single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MIR197 gene locus in FMF patients and healthy controls in Turkish population. We have previously identified miR-197-3p as a differentially expressed miRNA in FMF patients according to disease severity. Methods: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples of six FMF patients and 12 healthy controls. The MIR197 gene region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing was performed. DNA sequence analysis results were analyzed with the Chromas (version 2.33). Additionally, open access GWAS data (Harvard Dataverse, V2; Turkish_A1_A2.txt) covering 1011 healthy Turkish people was analyzed using R. Results: Genetic variants in the MIR197 region were not detected in study group. Also, we couldn't find any genetic variants in the MIR197 region through the analysis of a GWAS study (Harvard Dataverse, V2; Turkish_A1_A2.txt). Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated that the dysregulated miR-197-3p profile seen in FMF patients is not explained by variations in the MIR197 gene locus. These results suggest that other factors such as promotor methylation, histone modifications, other non-coding RNAs and alterations in post-transcriptional processing may be involved in the changes in miRNA expression and should be investigated further. Keywords: FMF, microRNA, genetic variations, SNPs, MIR197 gene Amac: Allevi Akdeniz atesi (AAA), pyrin proteinini kodlayan MEFV genindeki fonksiyon kazanimi mutasyonlarinin neden oldugu kalitsal otoenflamatuvar bir hastaliktir. Bu calismanin amaci, Turk toplumundaki AAA hastalarinda ve saglikli kontrollerde MIR197 gen lokusundaki tek nukleotit polimorfizmlerini incelemektir. Grubumuzun daha onceki calismalarinda, miR-197-3p'nin AAA hastalarinda hastalik siddetine gore degisken ifade gosteren bir miRNA oldugu tanimlanmistir. Yontem: Alti AAA hastasi ve 12 saglikli kontrolun periferik kan orneklerinden DNA izolasyonu yapilmistir. MIR197 gen bolgesi polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile cogaltilmis ve Sanger dizilemesi yapilmistir. DNA dizi analizi sonuclari Chromas (surum 2.33) ile analiz ed il mistir. Ayrica Turk populasyonundan 1011 saglikli katilimciyi kapsayan acik erisimli GWAS verileri (Harvard Dataverse, V2; Turkish_ A1_A2.txt) R programi kullanilarak analiz edilmistir. Bulgular: Calisma gruplarinda MIR197 gen bolgesinde herhangi bir genetik varyasyon saptanamamistir. Turk toplumundan 1011 saglikli kontrolu iceren GWAS calismasinin (Harvard Dataverse, V2; Turkish_ A1_A2.txt) analizi sonucunda da MIR197 gen bolgesinde herhangi bir genetik varyant tespit edilememistir. Sonuc: Bu calismada, AAA hastalarinda gorulen miR-197-3p ifade degisikliginin nedeninin MIR197 gen lokusundaki varyasyonlarla aciklanmadigini belirlenmistir. Bu sonuclar, promotor metilasyonu, histon modifikasyonlari, diger kodlamayan RNA'lar ve transkripsiyon sonrasi modifikasyonlar gibi diger faktorlerin miRNA ekspresyonundaki degisikliklerde rol oynayabilecegini ve daha ileri arastirmalarin yapilmasi gerektigini gostermektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: AAA, mikroRNA, genetik varyasyonlar, SNPs, MIR197 geni
Left anterior descending (LAD) artery and left circumflex (LCx) coronary artery originating separately from the right sinus of valsalva is exceptionally rare and very few cases have been reported in ...the literature. Congenital coronary artery anomalies are generally incidental, uncommon, and asymptomatic. Some can cause severe potentially life-threatening symptoms such as myocardial ischemia and sudden cardiac death. The aberrant vessels that pass between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk pose a risk of sudden cardiac death, particularly if the vessel supplies the left coronary artery network. The electrocardiographically gated multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) allows accurate and non-invasive depiction of coronary artery anomalies including origin, course, and termination. We report here a rare case of all three coronary arteries separately originating from the right coronary sinus, which was detected with MDCT.
IgG4‐related disease is an inflammatory, multisystemic disease that affects the immune system. The disease progresses to fibrosis due to inflammation. Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a serious ...complication. Pancreas, biliary tract, glands, thyroid, lymph nodes, etc. may be involved. Prognosis is usually subacute, and seen in middle age and advanced men. It is characterized histopathologically by IgG4 positive plasma cells, lymphoplasmocytic cell infiltration, and storiform fibrosis. In our case, we evaluated a patient who referred to our clinic from an external center with the complaints of generalized pain, itching, tearing and redness in eyes, involvement of bilateral large joints, and impaired renal function. Diagnosis, treatment and management of the disease are important. Response to glucocorticoid therapy is good.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood psychopathologies in Turkey.
Method: A nation-wide, randomly selected, representative population of 5830 children (6-13 ...years-old) enrolled as a 2nd,3rd or 4th grade student in 30 cities were evaluated for presence of a psychiatric or mental disorder by a Sociodemographic Form, Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and DSM-IV-Based Screening Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Children and Adolescents scales. Impairment criterion was assessed via a 3 point-Likert scale by the parent and the teacher independently.
Results: Overall prevalence of any psychopathology was 37.6% without impairment criterion, and 17.1% with impairment criterion. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was the most frequent diagnosis, followed by anxiety (19.5% and 16.7% without impairment, 12.4% and 5.3% with impairment, respectively). Lower education level and presence of a physical or psychiatric problem of the parents were independent predictors of any psychopathology of the offspring.
Conclusion: This is the largest and most comprehensive epidemiological study to determine the prevalence of psychopathologies in children and adolescents in Turkey. Our results partly higher than, and partly comparable to previous national and international studies. It also contributes to the literature by determining the independent predictors of psychopathologies in this age group.
Objectives: To obtain a liver prototype by using a 3 dimensional printer for preoperative evaluation of vascular structures (hepatic artery, portal vein, hepatic vein) based on living donor ...candidate's angiographic computed tomography data in living donor liver transplantation. Materials and Methods: First, we obtained angiographic computed tomography data with a stereolithography extension of the living donor candidate. Then, we made this data suitable for the 3 dimensional printer by using a special software. We used a J750 (Stratasys) 3 dimensional printer to create the model. Results: In the three-dimensional model, macroscopic liver structure and vascular structures were obtained as planned (hepatic artery, portal vein, hepatic vein) and in accordance with angiographic computed tomography data. Conclusion: Before living donor liver transplantation, models obtained from 3 dimensional printers can be used to evaluate the anatomic structure of the donor candidate's liver. Similarly, prior to complicated liver resections, this model can provide surgeons with a different perspective for more effective preoperative planning and assessment for safer surgery. Keywords: Three dimensional printing, liver transplantation, liver surgery, prototype
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