The history of surgery on the vestibular labyrinth is rich but sparsely documented in the literature. The story begins over a century ago with the labyrinthectomy in an era that consisted exclusively ...of ablative surgery for infection or vertigo. Improved understanding of vestibular physiology and pathology produced an era of selective ablation and hearing preservation that includes semicircular canal occlusion for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. An era of restoration began with a discovery of superior semicircular canal dehiscence and its repair. The final era of vestibular replacement is upon us as the possibility of successful prosthetic vestibular implantation becomes reality.
There is no consensus on the second-line treatment of patients with progressive high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs G3) and large-cell lung neuroendocrine carcinoma. These patients generally ...have poor performance status and low tolerance to combination therapy. In this trial, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of temozolomide given every other week in patients with advanced platinum-pretreated NENs G3.
This trial is an open-label, non-randomized, phase II trial. Patients with platinum-pretreated metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma were treated with 75 mg/m2/day of temozolomide for 7 days, followed by 7 days of no treatment (regimen one week on/one week off). The primary endpoint was the overall response rate. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety and tolerability.
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04122911.
From 2017 to 2020, 38 patients were enrolled. Among the patients with determined Ki67, 12 out of 36 (33.3%) had a Ki67 index <55% and the remaining 24 out of 36 (66.6%) had an index ≥55%. Overall response rate was 18% (7/38), including one complete response and six partial responses. The median PFS was 5.86 months 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.8 months-not applicable) and the median OS was 12.1 months (95% CI 5.6-20.4 months). The 1-year PFS rate was 37%. No statistically significant difference in median PFS hazard ratio 1.3 (95% CI 0.6-2.8); P = 0.44 and median OS hazard ratio 1.1 (95% CI 0.5-2.4); P = 0.77 was observed among patients with Ki67 <55% versus ≥55%. Only G1-G2 adverse events were registered, the most common being G1 nausea, diarrhea and abdominal pain.
One week on/one week off temozolomide shows promising activity in patients with poorly differentiated NEN. The good safety profile confirmed the possibility of using this scheme in patients with poor performance status.
•Currently, there is no consensus on the second-line regimen for patients (pts) with metastatic NECs.•Pts with progressed metastatic NEC, generally have a low PS and are not candidates for combination therapies.•TMZ showed activity at the standard dose in pretreated pts with NENs as both monotherapy and combination therapy.•Here, one week on/one week off TMZ showed a promising activity and a good safety profile in NENs-G3 pts.
Measurements of charged current neutrino and anti-neutrino nucleon
interactions in the CCFR detector are used to extract the structure functions,
F_2, xF_3(nu), xF_3(nubar) and R(longitudinal) in the ...kinematic region
0.01<x<0.6 and 1<Q^2<300 GeV^2. The new measurements of R in the x<0.1 region
provide a constraint on the level of the gluon distribution. The x and Q^2
dependence of R is compared with a QCD based fit to previous data. The CKM
matrix element |V_cs| is extracted from a combined analysis of xF_3 and dimuon
data.
In this paper, a new analytical method for detection of extraneous fats fraudulently added to butter is proposed. Such determination is carried out by gas chromatographic analysis of butter ...triglycerides, using a capillary column for triglycerides having 65% phenyl methyl silicone as stationary phase. During the last twenty years, different methods for evaluation of butter genuineness were proposed. The presence of plant oils mixed with butter is based on sterol analysis; the revelation of plant sterols in butter represents a clear evidence of fraud. The Official EU method for detection of animal fats in butter, as lard and tallow, is time consuming, it often brings to not easily reproducible results and it is not of great accuracy, specially in the cases of small additions of extraneous fats. The method proposed in this paper allows to detect the presence of extraneous plant and animal fats in a simple, rapid, and precise way, even if the quantities added to butter are very low. The analysis is based on the best resolution, actually achievable, of single triglyceride components and their comparison with those present in certainly genuine butters, taken as reference
In questo lavoro viene proposta una nuova metodica analitica che consente di individuare la presenza di grassi estranei aggiunti fraudolentemente al burro. Tale determinazione viene condotta mediante analisi gascromatografica dei trigliceridi del burro, utilizzando una colonna capillare per trigliceridi con fase stazionaria 65% fenil metilsilicone. Nel corso degli ultimi vent'anni, sono state proposte diverse metodiche per la valutazione della genuinita' del burro. Il riconoscimento di grassi vegetali, in miscela con il burro, procede in base all'analisi della frazione sterolica; il ritrovamento degli steroli vegetali nel burro costituisce prova inequivocabile di frode. Il metodo ufficiale UE per l'individuazione di grassi animali nel burro, quale strutto e sego, risulta essere lungo e laborioso e spesso conduce a risultati non sempre riproducibili e allo stesso tempo poco accurati, specie per piccole aggiunte di grassi estranei. La metodica proposta in questo lavoro consente di individuare in maniera semplice, rapida e accurata la presenza di grassi estranei vegetali e animali, anche se presenti in tracce, nel burro. L'analisi si basa sulla migliore risoluzione, attualmente ottenibile, dei trigliceridi nei singoli componenti e sul confronto di tali composti con quelli presenti in burri sicuramente genuini, presi come riferimento
Ranunculus asiaticus is an excellent ornamental species for use as cut flowers, potted plants, or in the garden. This species is very sensitive to photothermoperiodism. Dry nondormant tuberous roots ...of two cultivars of Ranunculus were placed in pots both under greenhouse (5/12) and outside conditions (15/12). We studied plants responses to different cultivation environments and combinations of forcing techniques (photoperiod and gibberellic acid). In the greenhouse supplementary photoperiodic light was applied as extension of daylength (natural winter short-day +3 or +6 hours). Plant grown under greenhouse conditions produced flowering stems of superior quality. GA3 (50 and 100 ppm) has improved the earliness and the number of flowers. Under long days, floral initiation was slightly advanced, but the accelerated elongation of the inflorescence produced shorter, lighter, and fewer flowers
La ricerca ha previsto la coltivazione di ranuncolo in vaso in due ambienti: serra fredda e piena aria. In serra il protocollo sperimentale era impostato sul confronto tra: 2 varieta' da fiore reciso del gruppo Friandine (una fucsia e una arancione), 3 trattamenti di illuminazione fotoperiodica in continuazione del giorno (0 ore, +3 ore, +6 ore) e 2 trattamenti con acido gibberellico GA3 (0 ppm, 100 ppm). Nessuna differenza e' stata registrata tra le due varieta', mentre in serra un leggero allungamento del ciclo e' da segnalare con l'applicazione del fitoregolatore. L'applicazione di GA3 ha determinato una concentrazione della fioritura nella coltura in serra, mentre l'illuminazione fotoperiodica oltre le 3 ore ha diluito la fioritura. La lunghezza degli steli fiorali e' apparsa piu' sensibile all'ambiente di coltivazione, con migliori risultati in serra. L'allungamento del fotoperiodo ha indotto una minore lunghezza degli steli. La varieta' di colore fucsia si e' dimostrata la piu' produttiva. Il trattamento con GA non ha modificato la risposta produttiva della coltura all'esterno, mentre in serra la produzione di steli per pianta e' stata maggiore senza GA3, con un effetto negativo dell'illuminazione fotoperiodica oltre le 3 ore
A search for long-lived neutral particles (N^0's) with masses above 2.2 GeV/c^2 that decay into at least one muon has been performed using an instrumented decay channel at the NuTeV experiment at ...Fermilab. Data were examined for particles decaying into the final states mu mu, mu e, and mu pi. Three mu mu events were observed over an expected Standard Model background of 0.069 +/- 0.010 events; no events were observed in the other modes.
Preoperative treatment of resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) is a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and activity of bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI ...in this setting.
Patients aged 18-75 years, PS 0-1, with resectable liver-confined metastases from CRC were eligible. They received bevacizumab 5 mg kg(-1) followed by irinotecan 180 mg m(-)(2), leucovorin 200 mg m(-)(2), 5-fluorouracil 400 mg m(-)(2) bolus and 5-fluorouracil 2400 mg m(-)(2) 46-h infusion, biweekly, for 7 cycles. Bevacizumab was stopped at cycle 6. A single-stage, single-arm phase 2 study design was applied with 1-year progression-free rate as the primary end point, and 39 patients required.
From October 2007 to December 2009, 39 patients were enrolled in a single institution. Objective response rate was 66.7% (95% exact CI: 49.8-80.9). Of these, 37 patients (94.9%) underwent surgery, with a R0 rate of 84.6%. Five patients had a pathological complete remission (14%). Out of 37 patients, 16 (43.2%) had at least one surgical complication (most frequently biloma). At 1 year of follow-up, 24 patients were alive and free from disease progression (61.6%, 95% CI: 44.6-76.6). Median PFS and OS were 14 (95% CI: 11-24) and 38 (95% CI: 28-NA) months, respectively.
Preoperative treatment of patients with resectable liver metastases from CRC with bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI is feasible, but further studies are needed to define its clinical relevance.
A search for long-lived neutral particles (N^0) which decay into at least one muon has been performed using an instrumented decay channel at the E815 (NuTeV) experiment at Fermilab. The decay channel ...was composed of helium bags interspersed with drift chambers, and was used in conjunction with the NuTeV neutrino detector to search for N^0 decays. The data were examined for particles decaying into the muonic final states mu mu, mu e, and mu pi. Three mu mu events were observed over an expected background of 0.040 +/- 0.009 events; no events were observed in the other modes. Although the observed events share some characteristics with neutrino interactions, the observed rate is a factor of 75 greater than expected. No Standard Model process appears to be consistent with this observation.
Identification of ASD biomarkers is a key priority for understanding etiology, facilitating early diagnosis, monitoring developmental trajectories, and targeting treatment efforts. Efforts have ...included exploration of resting state encephalography (EEG), which has a variety of relevant neurodevelopmental correlates and can be collected with minimal burden. However, EEG biomarkers may not be equally valid across the autism spectrum, as ASD is strikingly heterogeneous and individual differences may moderate EEG-behavior associations. Biological sex is a particularly important potential moderator, as females with ASD appear to differ from males with ASD in important ways that may influence biomarker accuracy.
We examined effects of biological sex, age, and ASD diagnosis on resting state EEG among a large, sex-balanced sample of youth with (N = 142, 43% female) and without (N = 138, 49% female) ASD collected across four research sites. Absolute power was extracted across five frequency bands and nine brain regions, and effects of sex, age, and diagnosis were analyzed using mixed-effects linear regression models. Exploratory partial correlations were computed to examine EEG-behavior associations in ASD, with emphasis on possible sex differences in associations.
Decreased EEG power across multiple frequencies was associated with female sex and older age. Youth with ASD displayed decreased alpha power relative to peers without ASD, suggesting increased neural activation during rest. Associations between EEG and behavior varied by sex. Whereas power across various frequencies correlated with social skills, nonverbal IQ, and repetitive behavior for males with ASD, no such associations were observed for females with ASD.
Research using EEG as a possible ASD biomarker must consider individual differences among participants, as these features influence baseline EEG measures and moderate associations between EEG and important behavioral outcomes. Failure to consider factors such as biological sex in such research risks defining biomarkers that misrepresent females with ASD, hindering understanding of the neurobiology, development, and intervention response of this important population.
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