Background
Persons with dementia spend most time of their day not engaging in activities or social interactions. A care concept of a dementia special care unit that promotes activities and social ...interaction through a household‐like design and individualised stimuli is studied.
Aim
To evaluate the main outcomes of the care concept of a dementia special care unit, namely, engagement in activities and social interactions.
Methods
We conducted an observational study as part of a theory‐driven evaluation. The Maastricht Daily Life Observation Tool was used to collect momentary assessments multiple times per participant, including engagement in activity, type of activity, engagement in social interaction, interaction partners, location, agitation and mood. Thirty‐three residents of the dementia special care units that implemented the care concept and 54 residents with dementia of two traditional nursing homes participated in the study, resulting in 2989 momentary assessments.
Results
Residents of both settings did not engage in activities or social interaction in approximately half of the observations. Compared to residents of traditional nursing homes, residents of special care units had a significantly higher chance for engagement in activities and social interaction in the afternoon but not in the morning or evening.
Conclusion
The care concept of the special care unit facilitated engagement but had its limitations. Further research is needed to develop and evaluate appropriate interventions to enhance engagement of persons with dementia.
Posljednje izdanje izvješća Svjetskog gospodarskog foruma o budućnosti poslova navodi analitičko mišljenje i inovativnost, sposobnost aktivnog učenja, rješavanje kompleksnih problema, kreativnost i ...kritičko mišljenje kao najvažnije vještine na tržišta rada u razdoblju do 2025. godine. Vrijeme pandemije dokazalo je kako upravo zahvaljujući navedenim vještinama možemo unaprijediti posao, spasiti tvrtku ili zadržati radno mjesto, a značajno je ubrzalo i digitalizaciju i automatizaciju poslovnih procesa te korištenje digitalnih alata u svakodnevnim aktivnostima. U ovom radu fokus je na kreativnosti i na inovativnim metodama poticanja imaginacije. Na primjerima iz prakse pokazali smo mogućnosti uvođenja Inovacijskog motora u nastavu matematike u segmentu poticanja imaginacije i divergentnog mišljenja kod učenika te njihove reakcije i rješenja.
Die Lücken werden geschlossen Mattes, Melanie; Nemeth, Tamara; Koller, Martina ...
Procare: Das Forbildungsmagazin Fur Pflegeberufe,
02/2020, Letnik:
25, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
See PDF. Vereinfachte Darstellung des Ablaufes des Demenz-Service Niederösterreich Das Institut für Pflegewissenschaft der Universität Wien führte eine erste Evaluation des Pilotprojektes durch. Die ...Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen aus der im März 2019 beendeten Evaluation zeigen, dass das Demenz-Service Niederösterreich von der Bevölkerung gut angenommen wird und dazu beiträgt, eine Lücke im regionalen Versorgungssystem zu schließen. Außerdem wurden Ergebnisse, d. h. berichtete Themen von Betroffenen und deren Angehörigen (Patientenpräferenzen2) aus der vorausgegangenen Evaluation berücksichtigt. Im Laufe des Projekts fand ein regelmäßiger Austausch (in Form von Workshops und Beratungen) des wissenschaftlichen (Kern-) Teams mit einer Statistikerin und einer externen Pflegewissenschaftlerin statt.
Benfordov zakon ili zakon prve znamenke prvi je put otkriven 1881. godine. Prema njemu, vodeće znamenke u mnogim skupovima podataka pratit će logaritamsku distribuciju, a ne uniformnu distribuciju, ...odnosno znamenke 1 i 9 u nekom skupu podataka neće imati istu vjerojatnost pojavljivanja. Godine 1992. Mark Nigirini započinje prvu ozbiljnu primjernu Benfordovog zakona u otkrivanju računovodstvenih prijevara. Računovodstvene prijevare i manipulacije rezultat su ljudske „intervencije u brojeve“, a ti brojevi nikada neće biti odabrani slučajno, već ciljano te samim time neće pratiti Benfordovu distribuciju. Cilj ovog rada bio je teoretski objasniti kako Benfordov zakon može otkriti prijevare i manipulacije brojevima te na praktičnom primjeru, empirijski istražiti manipulira li društvo „ABC“ ulaznim računima. Rezultati istraživanja testirani su Hi-kvadrat testom, Z-score testom i testom maksimalnog apsolutnog odstupanja te su pokazali veliko odstupanje od Benfordove distribucije. Daljnjom analizom prikazani su sumnjivi računi koje je potrebno dodatno istražiti.
Objectives
To establish Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores that correspond to well‐established cut‐points on the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE).
Design
Cross‐sectional observational ...study.
Setting
General medical service of a large teaching hospital.
Participants
Individuals aged 75 and older (N = 199; mean age 84, 63% female).
Measurements
The MoCA (range 0–30) and the MMSE (range 0–30) were administered within 2 hours of each other. The Abbreviated MoCA (A‐MoCA; range 0–22) was calculated from the full MoCA. Scores from the three tests were analyzed using equipercentile equating, a statistical method for determining comparable scores on different tests of a similar construct by estimating percentile equivalents.
Results
MoCA scores were lower (mean 19.3 ± 5.8) than MMSE scored (mean 24.1 ± 6.6). Traditional MMSE cut‐points of 27 for mild cognitive impairment and 23 for dementia corresponded to MoCA scores of 23 and 17, respectively.
Conclusion
Scores on the full and abbreviated versions of the MoCA can be linked directly to the MMSE. The MoCA may be more sensitive to changes in cognitive performance at higher levels of functioning.
is associated with a broad spectrum of predominantly neurologic disorders, which continues to expand beyond the initially defined phenotypes of alternating hemiplegia of childhood, rapid-onset ...dystonia parkinsonism, and cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss syndrome. This phenotypic variability makes it challenging to assess the pathogenicity of an
variant found in an undiagnosed patient. We describe the phenotypic features of individuals carrying a pathogenic/likely pathogenic
variant and perform a literature review of all
variants published thus far in association with human neurologic disease. Our aim is to demonstrate the heterogeneous clinical spectrum of the gene and look for phenotypic overlap between patients that will streamline the diagnostic process.
Undiagnosed individuals with
variants were identified within the cohort of the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study with additional cases contributed by collaborators internationally. Detailed clinical data were collected with consent through a questionnaire completed by the referring clinicians. PubMed was searched for publications containing the term "ATP1A3" from 2004 to 2021.
Twenty-four individuals with a previously undiagnosed neurologic phenotype were found to carry 21
variants. Eight variants have been previously published. Patients experienced on average 2-3 different types of paroxysmal events. Permanent neurologic features were common including microcephaly (7; 29%), ataxia (13; 54%), dystonia (10; 42%), and hypotonia (7; 29%). All patients had cognitive impairment. Neuropsychiatric diagnoses were reported in 16 (66.6%) individuals. Phenotypes were extremely varied, and most individuals did not fit clinical criteria for previously published phenotypes. On review of the literature, 1,108 individuals have been reported carrying 168 different
variants. The most common variants are associated with well-defined phenotypes, while more rare variants often result in very rare symptom correlations, such as are seen in our study. Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion (CADD) scores of pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were significantly higher and variants clustered within 6 regions of constraint.
Our study shows that looking for a combination of paroxysmal events, hyperkinesia, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairment and evaluating the CADD score and variant location can help identify an
-related condition, rather than applying diagnostic criteria alone.
Pancreatic exocrine secretory processes are challenging to investigate on primary epithelial cells. Pancreatic organoid cultures may help to overcome shortcomings of the current models, however the ...ion secretory processes in pancreatic organoids—and therefore their physiological relevance or their utility in disease modeling—are not known. To answer these questions, we provide side-by-side comparison of gene expression, morphology, and function of epithelial cells in primary isolated pancreatic ducts and organoids. We used mouse pancreatic ductal fragments for experiments or were grown in Matrigel to obtain organoid cultures. Using PCR analysis we showed that gene expression of ion channels and transporters remarkably overlap in primary ductal cells and organoids. Morphological analysis with scanning electron microscopy revealed that pancreatic organoids form polarized monolayers with brush border on the apical membrane. Whereas the expression and localization of key proteins involved in ductal secretion (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, Na+/H+ exchanger 1 and electrogenic Na+/HCO3− cotransporter 1) are equivalent to the primary ductal fragments. Measurements of intracellular pH and Cl− levels revealed no significant difference in the activities of the apical Cl−/HCO3− exchange, or in the basolateral Na+ dependent HCO3− uptake. In summary we found that ion transport activities in the mouse pancreatic organoids are remarkably similar to those observed in freshly isolated primary ductal fragments. These results suggest that organoids can be suitable and robust model to study pancreatic ductal epithelial ion transport in health and diseases and facilitate drug development for secretory pancreatic disorders like cystic fibrosis, or chronic pancreatitis.
Primary lactose malabsorption is characterised by a down-regulation of lactase activity after weaning and inability to digest lactose in adulthood. It has been suggested that the historical ...introduction of dairying led to a positive selection for lactase persistence variants in a regulatory region upstream of the
gene. Here, we genotyped 202 Armenian subjects for
, a lactase persistence variant which is widespread in Europeans. The homozygous C/C genotype associated with primary hypolactasia, the heterozygous C/T and the homozygous T/T lactase persistence genotypes were found in 191 (94.6%), 11 (5.4%), and 0 (0.0%) samples, respectively. The frequency for the
-13910*T allele was 2.7%. The observed allele frequency of 2.7% for
-
is even lower than previously reported and supports current phenotypic data about lactose malabsorption in Armenia.
Epidermolysis bullosa describes a group of skin conditions caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins related to dermal-epidermal adhesion. In the United States, 50 cases of epidermolysis bullosa ...per 1 million live births are estimated, 92% of which classified as simplex, 5% dystrophic, 1% junctional and 2% non-classified. Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is associated with autosomal, dominant and recessive inheritance. Epidermolysis bullosa causes severe psychological, economic and social impacts, and there is currently no curative therapy, only symptom control. Embryonic selection is available for epidermolysis bullosa patients in order to prevent perpetuation of the condition in their offspring.
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