Objective
The aim of the present study was to evaluate factors associated with the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries in children attending public and private preschools.
Methods
A ...cross‐sectional study was conducted with a complex, preschool‐based sample of 769 children, 5 years of age, from public and private preschools in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. Clinical examinations to diagnose the consequences of untreated caries were performed using the criteria of the pufa index (p ‐ pulp exposure; u ‐ ulceration caused by movement of tooth fragments; f ‐ fistula; a ‐ abscess). The psychological factor evaluated was parental/caregiver sense of coherence (SOC), which was determined using a validated assessment tool. Sociodemographic characteristics and the use of dental services were also considered. Two examiners were trained to examine the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries. The kappa statistic demonstrated a high level of agreement for the conditions evaluated. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by the use of an inductive decision tree (J48 algorithm; α = 5%).
Results
The factors associated with the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries were toothache prevalence ratio (PR) = 12.34; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 7.87–19.35; P < 0.001, attending a public preschool (PR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.83–3.09; P < 0.001), parents/caregivers younger than 30 years of age (PR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.26–1.68; P < 0.001), parents/caregivers with more than two children (PR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.28–1.69; P < 0.001) and parents/caregivers with a weak SOC (PR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01–1.28; P = 0.043).
Conclusion
The prevalence of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries was low in the present sample and was associated with sociodemographic factors (type of preschool, caregiver's age and number of children in the family) as well as psychological factors (SOC).
The aim of the present study was to evaluate factors associated with sleep bruxism in five-year-old preschool children. A preschool-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 761 pairs of ...children and their parents/caregivers. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed using a questionnaire administered to the parents/caregivers, who also answered questionnaires addressing sociodemographic data and parent's/caregiver's sense of coherence. Clinical oral evaluations of the children to determine dental caries, traumatic dental injuries, malocclusion and tooth wear were performed by two researchers who had undergone a training exercise (interexaminer Kappa: 0.70 to 0.91; intraexaminer Kappa: 0.81 to 1.00). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression for complex samples were carried out (α = 5%). The prevalence of sleep bruxism among the preschool children was 26.9%. The multivariate analysis revealed that bruxism was associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 2.93; 95 CI: 1.52-5.65) and tooth wear (OR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.39-3.96). In the present study, sleep bruxism among preschool children was associated with tooth wear and poor sleep quality of the child. In contrast, psychosocial aspects (sense of coherence) were not associated with sleep bruxism.
Background/AimTraumatic dental injuries (TDI) constitute a public health problem. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sleep disorders, school jet lag, and anxiety are associated ...with TDI in schoolchildren 8–10 years of age.MethodsAn analytical, cross‐sectional study was conducted with 739 pairs of parents/guardians and children enrolled in public and private schools. The parents/guardians answered a socioeconomic questionnaire, the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, Circadian Energy Scale, and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Four examiners underwent calibration exercises for the diagnosis of TDI (K > 0.80) using the criteria proposed by Andreasen (2007). A directed acyclic graph was used for the formulation of the theoretical model and statistical adjustments. Unadjusted and adjusted robust binary logistic regression analyses were performed (α = 5%).ResultsThe prevalence of TDI was 16.2%. The following variables remained associated with the outcome in the final model: family income less than or equal to the minimum monthly wage (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.09–2.88; p = .02), child's height >137.6 cm (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.06–2.64; p = .02), the occurrence of school jet lag (OR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.27–3.53; p = .004), anxiety (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.04–3.00; p = .04) and sleep disorders (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.38–1.93; p = .05).ConclusionChildren from families with a lower income, taller children, those with school jet lag, those with anxiety and those with sleep disorders had a greater occurrence of TDI.
Background/Aim
Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) constitute a public health problem. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sleep disorders, school jet lag, and anxiety are associated ...with TDI in schoolchildren 8–10 years of age.
Methods
An analytical, cross‐sectional study was conducted with 739 pairs of parents/guardians and children enrolled in public and private schools. The parents/guardians answered a socioeconomic questionnaire, the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, Circadian Energy Scale, and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Four examiners underwent calibration exercises for the diagnosis of TDI (K > 0.80) using the criteria proposed by Andreasen (2007). A directed acyclic graph was used for the formulation of the theoretical model and statistical adjustments. Unadjusted and adjusted robust binary logistic regression analyses were performed (α = 5%).
Results
The prevalence of TDI was 16.2%. The following variables remained associated with the outcome in the final model: family income less than or equal to the minimum monthly wage (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.09–2.88; p = .02), child's height >137.6 cm (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.06–2.64; p = .02), the occurrence of school jet lag (OR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.27–3.53; p = .004), anxiety (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.04–3.00; p = .04) and sleep disorders (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.38–1.93; p = .05).
Conclusion
Children from families with a lower income, taller children, those with school jet lag, those with anxiety and those with sleep disorders had a greater occurrence of TDI.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between number of cavitated dental caries in adolescents and family cohesion, drug use, sociodemographic factors and visits to the dentist. A ...cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years from Campina Grande, Brazil. The parents answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data, and the adolescents answered questionnaires on drug use, type of family cohesion and visits to the dentist. Two examiners underwent training and calibration exercises (K > 0.80) to diagnose dental caries using the Nyvad criteria. A directed acyclic graph was created to select the variables to be controlled in the statistical model. Associations between the independent variables and the outcome were determined using robust Poisson Regression analysis for complex samples (α = 5%). Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The prevalence of dental caries and cavitated lesions among the adolescents was 92.8% and 41.6%, respectively. The following variables remained associated with the number of cavitated lesions in the multivariate analysis: disengaged (RR: 6.30; 95%CI: 1.24-31.88; p = 0.028 ), separated (RR: 4.80; 95%CI: 1.03-22.35; p = 0.046) and connected (RR: 5.23; 95%CI: 1.27-21.59; p = 0.024) levels of family cohesion, and high social class (RR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.39-0.76; p = 0.001). In conclusion, this paper posits that adolescents with a lower socioeconomic status, and those whose family cohesion was classified as disengaged, separated or connected, had a larger number of cavitated lesions.
Background
There is a need for studies on the biopsychosocial factors that influence the use of dental services by preschoolers.
Aim
To evaluate the influence of the perceptions of parents/caretakers ...and children regarding oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) as well as the sense of coherence (SOC) of parents/caretakers on the use of dental services among Brazilian preschoolers.
Design
A school‐based, cross‐sectional study was conducted with 768 preschoolers. Parents/caretakers answered a questionnaire addressing socio‐demographic characteristics. The OHRQoL of the children was measured using the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five‐Year‐Old Children. SOC among the parents/caretakers was evaluated using the Sense of Coherence scale. Clinical examinations were performed by examiners who had previously undergone a training exercise. Descriptive analysis was conducted, followed by Poisson's regression analysis (α = 5%).
Results
A total of 56.5% of the preschoolers had never used dental services. The following variables exerted a significant influence on the use of services: higher monthly household income (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.07–1.51), toothache (PR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.34–1.89), the absence of traumatic dental injury (TDI; PR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01–1.40), and a strong SOC (PR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.01–1.42).
Conclusions
A higher monthly household income, history of toothache, the absence of TDI, and strong SOC of the parents/caretakers influence the use of dental services by preschoolers.
Reports on a selection of progenies of superior genotype of Pinus spp. planted in Lavras, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil, with the aim of producing gains in productivity for forest stands. Notes traits ...height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), and crown projection area (CPA) measured at 36 months of age. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Background/Aim
Traumatic dental injuries occur frequently among young children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of traumatic dental injuries on oral health‐related quality of life ...(OHRQoL) in preschool children using the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5‐year‐old children (SOHO‐5).
Materials and Methods
This study involved 769 five‐year‐old children enrolled at public and private preschools. Two examiners underwent a training process which involved the determination of interexaminer and intra‐examiner agreement (Kappa statistic) for all clinical conditions (K > 0.82). Descriptive statistics were performed, followed by Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%).
Results
The prevalence of the impact of oral problems on OHRQoL was 32.9% and 42.2% according to the parents/caregivers and children, respectively. Based on the children's self‐reports, the occurrence of two or more injured teeth (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.04‐1.64), toothache (PR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.35‐2.09), and a low level of parent's schooling (PR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.24‐1.91) exerted impacts on OHRQoL. For the reports of parents/caregivers, the occurrence of non‐complicated TDI (PR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.44‐0.98), toothache (PR = 8.03; 95% CI: 5.92‐10.88), and a low level of parent's schooling (PR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.17‐2.17) remained associated with the final model.
Conclusions
The impact of oral problems on the OHRQoL of the preschool children was high. A greater number of injured teeth, the presence of toothache, and socioeconomic factors were associated with poorer OHRQoL, based on the reports of both the parents/caregivers and the children. The occurrence of non‐complicated TDI was a protective factor for OHRQoL.
Abstract Introduction The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of dentinal microcracks observed after root canal preparation with ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, ...Switzerland) and Twisted File Adaptive (TFA; SybronEndo, Orange, CA) systems through micro–computed tomographic analysis. Methods Twenty moderately curved mesial roots of mandibular molars presenting a type II Vertucci canal configuration were randomly assigned to 2 experimental groups ( n = 10) according to the system used for the root canal preparation: PTN or TFA systems. The specimens were scanned through high-resolution micro–computed tomographic imaging before and after root canal preparation. Afterward, pre- and postoperative cross-sectional images of the mesial roots ( N = 25,820) were screened to identify the presence of dentinal defects. Results Dentinal microcracks were observed in 38.72% ( n = 5150) and 30.27% ( n = 3790) of the cross-sectional images in the PTN and TFA groups, respectively. All dentinal defects identified in the postoperative scans were already present in the corresponding preoperative images. Conclusions Root canal preparation with PTN and TFA systems did not induce the formation of new dentinal microcracks.
Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the association between dental pain and both child irritability and family distress.
Subject and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 833 children aged ...3 to 5 years from preschools in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. The parents answered questionnaires addressing socio-demographic data and history of dental pain. Child irritability and family distress were evaluated using questions from the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). The children were submitted to clinical examinations by dentists who had undergone training and calibration exercises. All children were diagnosed with regard to dental caries, caries activity, traumatic dental injury, and malocclusion. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%).
Results
The prevalence of child irritability due to oral problems was 16.1%. The prevalence of family distress was 19.1%. After the data analysis, only a history of dental pain remained associated in the final model for child irritability prevalence ratio (PR) = 9.77; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.22–15.33 and family distress due to oral problems (PR = 3.18; 95% CI: 2.34–4.31).
Conclusion
Dental pain can make a child irritable and cause family distress. Socio-economic factors do not exert an influence on the emergence of these feelings.
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