The components of Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM) have been shown to possess antitumor potentials. Herein, we attempted to explore the anti-metastatic effect and underlying mechanism of a low molecular ...weight polysaccharide isolated from AbM (LMPAB). Matrigel invasion assay was applied to evaluate the effect of LMPAB on migration of BEL-7402 hepatic cancer cells in vitro. In vivo, the anti-metastatic effect of LMPAB was investigated in mouse B16 melanoma and a double-grafted SW180 tumor models. mRNA and protein levels of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) or nm23-H1 upon LMPAB treatment were detected by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry assays. LMPAB significantly reduced the invasion of BEL-7402 cells. In vivo, LMPAB was revealed to decrease lung metastatic foci in mouse B16 melanoma model. In the double-grafted SW180 mouse tumor model, we further demonstrated that intratumoral treatment of LMPAB inhibited the growth of tumor on treated side but also suppresses the regression of metastatic tumors on the non-treated side. Moreover, LMPAB reduced MMP-9 but enhanced nm23-H1 mRNA and protein expression. LMPAB displays anti-metastatic activities, indicating the potential of its clinical application for the prevention and treatment of cancer metastasis. Its anti-metastatic effect may relate to the modulation on MMP-9 and nm23-H1.
We report the measurement of the resonance fluorescence spectrum from a quantum dot under periodically-pulsed excitation. The evolution of multiple sidebands and Rabi oscillations for coherently and ...incoherently scattered light were observed.
We report the measurement of the two-photon spectrum of the light scattered by a single InAs quantum dot interacting with a strong near-resonant monochromatic laser.
To study the relationship between the complex chromosome translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL, M3) and clinical therapy and prognosis.
Chromosome translocation and PML-RAR fusion ...transcript in three APL patients were studied by using karyotypic analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction.
The findings revealed that all these cases had PML/RAR A gene rearrangement. Apart from the chromosomes 15 and 17 involved in the translocation, other multiple chromosomes including 5, 11, 16, 22 were also implicated in complex translocations, which to some extent seemed to be related with clinical prognosis.
This study provides additional information for monitoring clinical therapy and prognostic evaluation.
Background. The mechanisms and changes in range of motion of neighboring mobile segment (adjacent level) after the instrumented posterior stabilization are not completely understood. This study aims ...to investigate the effect of sagittal alignment on the adjacent joint mobility after lumbar instrumentation.
Methods. Eight fresh porcine lumbar spines were instrumented with pedicle screw implants from L2 to L4. Each specimen was tested in three different sagittal alignments. Group A were instrumented in lordotic alignment (lordosis 20°), Group B in straight alignment (lordosis 0°), and Group C in kyphotic alignment (kyphosis 20°). Hydraulic testing machine was used to generate an increasing moment in flexion and extension respectively for each specimen. The vertebral displacement of the disc between L1–L2 and L4–L5 were measured simultaneously with an extensometer.
Findings. There were no significant differences in vertebral displacement between the three different sagittal alignments in both the superior and inferior adjacent segments under extension motion. However, under flexion motion, the vertebral displacement on the superior adjacent segment (L1–L2) with kyphotic alignment was statistically larger than that of the straight and lordotic alignments (
P=0.0198 and
P=0.000473 respectively), and no differences were found between the three different sagittal alignments on the inferior adjacent segment (L4–L5).
Interpretation. The iatrogenically produced kyphotic lumbar spine by posterior instrumentation might cause larger adjacent joint mobility on the superior adjacent joint as compared to the instrumented lordotic lumbar spine. This study implies that an instrumented spine in lordosis is less likely to develop adjacent instability than a kyphotic spine.
Mirror-like intracranial aneurysms (MirAn) occur symmetrically at the corresponding intracranial arteries and are a subgroup of multiple intracranial aneurysms. The aim of this study was to analyze ...the risk factors, treatment, and prognosis of MirAn.
We retrospectively analyzed 43 cases of MirAn diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2009. The control groups comprised patients with non-mirror-like multiple aneurysms (nMirAn) and single aneurysms (SingAn). Sex, age, localization of MirAn, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and rupture were identified as potential risk factors for MirAn.
The male to female ratio of the MirAn patients was 1.0:5.1, which was significantly different from that of the nMirAn patients (1.0:1.9, P=0.037) and SingAn patients (1.0:1.3, P<0.001). There was no difference in age (P=0.8741), smoking (P=0.301), diabetes (P=0.267), or hypertension (P=0.874) between the MirAn and nMirAn patients. The aneurysms in 28 MirAn patients (65.1%) involved the internal carotid-posterior communicating arteries; in these patients, the rupture risk was significantly higher for larger aneurysms compared with smaller aneurysms (P<0.05).
More women suffered from MirAn than nMirAn or SingAn. The most common MirAn sites were the internal carotid-posterior communicating arteries. Our results suggest that MirAn was not associated with age, smoking, hypertension, or diabetes.
A new fluorescence chemical sensor for the determination of Cl
−, Br
− and I
− has been successfully demonstrated. The membrane contains two fluorophores that display two largely different response ...spectra. The first fluorophore,
N-(2-methacryloxyethyl) benzok,lthioxanthene-3,4-dicarboximide (MBTD, benzothioxanthene derivative), used as reference was halide-insensitive. The second fluorophore, quinine sulphate, used as sensitive carrier was halide-quenchable. Both were co-polymerized with acrylamide, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate onto glass surface. The fluorescence intensity of quinine decreased with increasing of halide concentration due to dynamic quenching, but the fluorescence intensity of MBTD was almost not affected by halide. Under these conditions, the halide-dependent fluorescence intensity of quinine was converted into a ratio of the two fluorescence intensities, which were expressed as a function of halide concentration. Satisfactory reproducibility, reversibility and a short response time were realized. The sensor also showed good selectivity, common ions and some organic species did not interfere with the measurement of halide. With the optimum membrane described, detection limits were of 2.2
×
10
−4, 7.5
×
10
−5 and 6.2
×
10
−5
mol
L
−1 for Cl
−, Br
− and I
−, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of halide in earth samples. The sensing membrane was found to have a lifetime at least 2 months.
The gas-puffer effect has important effects on the interruption capability of a molded case circuit breaker (MCCB). In this paper, on the basis of a simplified model of an arc chamber with a single ...break, the effect of back-volume of an arc-quenching chamber on arc behavior in an MCCB is investigated. Firstly, using a 2-D optical-fiber arc-motion measurement system, experiments are performed to study the effect of back-volume on the arc-motion and gas pressure in an arc-quenching chamber. We demonstrate that the lower back-volume of the arc-quenching chamber is, the higher the pressure and the better the arc motion will be. Then, corresponding to the above experiments, the gas pressure inside the arc-quenching chamber is calculated using the integral conservation equation. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental results.
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