Sustainable Last-Mile Delivery (LMD) is one of the key phases in city logistics. Micro-hubs in cities are new emerging solutions for an easier and viable last-mile delivery process. The important ...question in smart and modern cities is the determination of the best micro-hub location for the LMD. This paper solves the micro-hub location selection for sustainable LMD using the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques. The main reason for solving the micro-hub location selection is to make the last-mile delivery process in Pardubice as easier and effortless as possible. The Best-Worst Method (BWM), Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) method, and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method are coupled to solve the micro-hub location selection for sustainable LMD. First, five criteria and alternatives are identified and discussed with the experts. Second, the hybrid criteria importance is determined by combining the BWM and CRITIC methods. Third, the obtained hybrid weights are integrated within the WASPAS method to rank the micro-hub locations. The findings of the Hybrid BWM-CRITIC-WASPAS model show the Alternative 2 („Hůrka“) as the best possible location for Pardubice in the context of the LMD. In addition, a comparative analysis with some of the existing MCDM approaches is conducted for the same problem and its results show a high level of matching with the applied hybrid BWM-CRITIC-WASPAS method, which means that Alternative 2 („Hůrka“) is strongly recommended as a micro-hub location for sustainable LMD in Pardubice.
The article’s focus is on the postal services sector. The sector plays an important role in a process of delivering packages to the customers. Over the last few years, there has been a significant ...growth in volume of shipments transported. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the current development and subsequent prediction of two selected indicators that play an important role in the context of e-commerce development in the V4 states. One of the indicators is the number of shipments; the other is the indicator of CO2 emissions. While the values of the CO2 emission in the predictive analysis in comparison with the growing e-commerce turnover indicator stagnate, the number of shipments is growing alongside the e-commerce turnover values. In the light of these findings, it is clear that the growing number of shipments will result in the need to change the approach to the organisation of the parcel delivery process, especially in big cities and agglomerations. It is also necessary to mention that organisational changes in the parcel delivery process in big cities and agglomerations must be carried out in an environmentally friendly way.
Detection and characterization of circulating cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) from maternal circulation requires an extremely sensitive and precise method due to very low cffDNA concentration. In our ...study, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was implemented for fetal RHD genotyping from maternal plasma to compare this new quantification alternative with real-time PCR (qPCR) as a golden standard for quantitative analysis of cffDNA. In the first stage of study, a DNA quantification standard was used. Clinical samples, including 10 non-pregnant and 35 pregnant women, were analyzed as a next step. Both methods' performance parameters-standard curve linearity, detection limit and measurement precision-were evaluated. ddPCR in comparison with qPCR has demonstrated sufficient sensitivity for analysing of cffDNA and determination of fetal RhD status from maternal circulation, results of both methods strongly correlated. Despite the more demanding workflow, ddPCR was found to be slightly more precise technology, as evaluated using quantitative standard. Regarding the clinical samples, the precision of both methods equalized with decreasing concentrations of tested DNA samples. In case of cffDNA with very low concentrations, variance parameters of both techniques were comparable. Detected levels of fetal cfDNA in maternal plasma were slightly higher than expected and correlated significantly with gestational age as measured by both methods (ddPCR r = 0.459; qPCR r = 0.438).
A straightforward approach to a novel phytosphingosine-like ceramide has been accomplished. The cornerstone features of this divergent synthesis are a cascade Overman rearrangement of tris(imidate) ...to introduce three desired stereogenic centres via sequential chirality transfer and an effective olefin cross-metathesis to install a long side chain. The final unusual phytoceramides were evaluated for their capacity to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cell lines. The preliminary results revealed that compound 21 exhibits promising anticancer activity against HeLa and HCT-116 cells as well as the excellent selectivity in cytotoxicity (malignant vs non-malignant cell lines).
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•An approach to a phytosphingosine-like analogue was achieved.•The strategy relied on a cascade rearrangement and OCM reaction.•All stereocentres were installed with the complete chirality transfer.•The target compounds were screened for anticancer activity.
A successful strategy for the construction of novel isomeric aza-analogues 13. HCl and 14. HCl of natural jaspine B was developed by constructing a vicinal diamino motif via a sequential Overman ...rearrangement, followed by a pyrrolidine core formation through SN2 type cyclisation. The olefin cross metathesis reaction was selected to incorporate the alkyl side chain unit. Based on an antiproliferative/cytotoxic evaluation study, it was observed that the final products display significant potency on Jurkat and HeLa cell lines, with IC50 values in the low micromolar range.
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•Synthesis of novel aza-analogues of jaspine B was achieved.•The used strategy relied on sequential and simple 3,3-sigmatropic rearrangements, the OCM reaction and SN2 cyclisation.•The stereochemistry of key substructures was determined via crystallographic analysis.•The target pyrrolidines exhibit an ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
Příspěvek se zabývá problematikou doručování na poslední míli. Doručování na poslední míli je jedním z hlavních faktorů, které ovlivňují počet užitkových vozidel pohybujících se po městě. Z důvodu ...trvalého nárůstu elektronického obchodování, které je primárně zaměřeno na doručování do domu. V posledních letech se velmi zajímavým řešením na snížení počtu vozidel ve městech aplikovalo využití samoobslužných boxů jako účinný systém doručování na poslední míli. Tento článek je zaměřen na analýzu aktuálního stavu samoobslužných boxů a možností jejich využití v Pardubicích.
The chiron approach to pyrrolidine-containing isophytosphingosine base-like compounds 21.HCl-23.HCl was developed from the known d-glucofuranose template. The key step of the synthesis was a highly ...diastereoselective aza-Claisen rearrangement, which created the cornerstone of the target molecules carrying three consecutive stereocentres. Subsequent cross metathesis reaction allowed the installation of a long-chain unit. The five-membered ring formation was accomplished via an intramolecular SN2 process. A single crystal X-ray analysis of the key intermediates confirmed the (2R,3R,4R)- and (2S,3R,4R)-configuration seen in the final derivatives. A comparison of the cytotoxic activity of the novel sphingomimetics (21.HCl-23.HCl) with recently described analogues (compounds 61, 62 and their antipodes) revealed that their antiproliferative profile strongly depends on the stereochemistry of the pyrrolidine substituents as well as the length of the side chain unit. Moreover, with regard to their structure and recent literature findings, compound 22.HCl may possess β-GCase inhibitory activity.
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•The preparation of novel C-alkyl pyrrolidine-diols as sphingomimetics was achieved.•The used strategy relied on the aza-Claisen rearrangement, the OCM reaction and SN2 type cyclisation.•Stereochemistry of the key substructure was determined via crystallographic analysis.•The target compounds exhibit the ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
Problematika sdílené ekonomiky je v současné době velmi aktuální téma mající svůj význam v mnoha odvětvích národního hospodářství. V oblasti dopravy je možné pozorovat využití některých principů ...sdílené ekonomiky, zejména v rámci služeb, které spočívají ve sdílení kapacit osobních aut při přepravě osob (BlaBlaCar, Zipcar, DriveNow atd.). S přihlédnutím k situaci, kdy meziročně narůstá počet přepravovaných zásilek, naskýtá se prostor pro využití principů sdílené ekonomiky nejen pro přepravu osob, jak tomu již je, ale také právě při zajištění přepravy zásilek. Vzhledem k tomu, že v České republice nebyla tato problematika komplexně řešena, je nutné před případným stanovením strategií implementace principů sdílené ekonomiky při přepravě zásilek ze strany příslušných veřejných institucí či ze strany podniků ověřit, zda jsou v České republice vytvořeny vhodné podmínky pro takovouto implementaci. Cílem článku je zhodnotit aktuální situaci v České republice v rámci implementace principů sdílené ekonomiky při přepravě zásilek z vnějšího prostředí, konkrétně s využitím PEST analýzy.
Boronic acids are amongst the most useful synthetic intermediates, frequently used by modern drug design. However, their access and fast synthesis of libraries are often problematic. We present a ...methodology on the synthesis of drug‐like scaffolds via IMCRs with unprotected phenylboronic acids. To demonstrate an application of our approach, we also performed one‐pot Suzuki couplings on the primary MCR scaffolds. Moreover, we performed a thorough data‐mining of the Cambridge Structural Database, revealing interesting geometrical features.
Access to novel, free phenylboronic acids via IMCRs without protective groups is described. Different, drug‐like scaffolds demonstrate the broad applicability of our method which is further enhanced by one‐pot Suzuki couplings. In addition, analysis of boronic acids geometrical features is shown by the CSD data mining.
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