INTRODUCTIONIntravascular lobular capillary haemangioma is a rare benign intravascular tumour, especially in large vessels. This is the report of a case and associated literature review. REPORT AND ...LITERATURE REVIEWThis is the report of the first case of an intravenous lobular capillary haemangioma (ILCH) of the superior vena cava (SVC). A 30 year old female presented with a collateral thoraco-abdominal venous circulation. Chest computed tomography angiography, thoracic magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography revealed an intraluminal SVC tumour extending from the left brachiocephalic venous trunk to the distal third of the SVC. No pre-operative biopsy was indicated. An en bloc tumour excision was performed, followed by reconstruction of the SVC with an L shaped, ringed polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) prosthesis. Histopathology revealed the presence of an ILCH with free margins. A review of the literature identified 64 cases of ILCH to date, all of which underwent total resection. When reported, no recurrences were found during follow up. DISCUSSIONIn this case, the ePTFE reconstruction of the SVC must be checked regularly for any adverse events. Although ILCH is a benign tumour with no risk of recurrence, regular surveillance is advised.
Computational studies of aortic hemodynamics require accurate and reproducible segmentation of the aortic tree from whole body, contrast enhanced CT images. Three methods were vetted for ...segmentation. A semi-automated approach that utilizes denoising, the extended maxima transform, and a minimal amount of manual segmentation was adopted.
BACKGROUNDThe presence of a dilated coronary sinus (CS) assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is highly suggestive of inferior or superior vena cava (SVC) anomalies, in the absence of a ...shunt. The most frequent finding is the persistence of a left superior vena cava (LSVC): well-known feature to electrophysiologists. Abnormal inferior vena cava (IVC) drainage is another cause of CS dilatation. CASE SUMMARYAn 83-year-old woman presented with heart failure symptoms, atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate, and a dilated CS assessed by TTE. Atrioventricular (AV) node ablation was considered given the poor efficacy of a rate control strategy. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) revealed a double SVC with an LSVC draining directly into the dilated CS. Single-lead pacemaker implantation was performed using a right-sided vascular access with no technical difficulties. An aborted AV node ablation procedure was due to the impossibility of getting to the right atrium. Fluoroscopy and CT imaging at second look analysis confirmed the diagnosis of an abnormal IVC with an agenesia of its supra-hepatic segment directly drained into the CS. DISCUSSIONOur clinical case illustrates an unusual and rare double venous abnormality: both LSVC and IVC directly drained into the CS and were responsible for its massive dilatation.
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