We evaluate how often scholars of color publish papers on schizophrenia in high-impact psychiatric journals, and whether they are more likely than white authors to prioritize race/ethnicity as a ...primary variable of interest in analyses.
Prior work categorized the types of ethnoracial analyses reported in 474 papers about schizophrenia published in high-impact psychiatric journals between 2014 and 2016. In this study, the photographs of the first and last author for each paper were coded as “person of color” (POC) or “white”. Additionally, each author was asked to self-report their race and ethnicity. The percentage of papers published by white versus POC authors was calculated. Chi-square analyses tested the hypotheses that (a) white scholars are more likely than POC scholars to conduct any sort of racial analysis; (b) POC scholars are more likely to conduct primary analyses by race/ethnicity; and (c) white scholars are more likely to analyze race/ethnicity as extraneous variables.
Eighteen percent of papers were published by POC first authors, and 17% were published by POC last authors. There were minimal differences in the types of analyses conducted by POC and white authors. Self-reported race/ethnicity showed that Asian scholars were the most highly represented within POC authors (9% of respondents), but only 3% of authors identified as Hispanic/Latinx and none identified as Black or Indigenous American.
People of color are underrepresented as authors in US-based schizophrenia research published in high-impact journals. Culturally-informed mentorship as well as prioritization of race/ethnicity in funding structures are important to increase representation of POC authors.
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether length of hospital stay after vaginal delivery as determined by the discharging physician is associated with rehospitalizations or increased outpatient ...contacts by mothers and neonates and to assess the impact of home health care visits.
STUDY DESIGN: An inception cohort study of all rehospitalizations and outpatient contacts of mothers and neonates after vaginal delivery at St. Joseph Hospital, Denver, Colorado, was done from January 1, 1994, to September 30, 1995. All Kaiser Permanente mother-neonate pairs in which the delivery was vaginal (excluding those with multiple gestations or birth weight <2500 g) were included. Length of initial hospital stay was divided into three time periods: ≤24 hours, 25 to 48 hours, and >48 hours. The Colorado Kaiser Permanente Perinatal Database was used to identify perinatal and demographic factors that might have increased health care use. Additional information was sought in administrative databases, bill records, and inpatient charts. Mothers were followed up for 6 weeks and neonates for 28 days after delivery. Home care visits were provided to more than half the mothers and neonates by means of a standardized protocol. The main outcome measures were rehospitalizations and outpatient visits for mothers and neonate, controlling for home care visits.
RESULTS: A total of 4323 mother-neonate pairs were identified. For the mothers, a longer initial hospital stay (>48 hours) was significantly associated with both readmission (
P < .01) and increased outpatient care use (
P = .01) in the 6-week postpartum period. Thirty-five mothers (.81%) were rehospitalized by 6 weeks. Maternal factors associated with increased outpatient contacts were preeclampsia, preterm delivery, and instrument delivery. Sixty-seven neonates (1.55%) were readmitted to the hospital. Home care visits reduced the need for both readmissions and outpatient visits.
CONCLUSIONS: For mothers in this cohort a longer initial hospital stay was significantly associated with hospital readmission and increased outpatient care in the postpartum period. Further analysis revealed that mothers with recognized potential and observed problems were rarely discharged in ≤24 hours. We did not find statistically significant problems among neonates that were related to the length of their initial hospital stay. Those neonates receiving home care were less likely to require hospital readmission and less likely to seek outpatient care. It is unlikely that a single discharge policy will be appropriate for all mothers and neonates. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;179:166-71.)
Several studies have reported links between reduced fetal growth and subsequent risk for type 2 diabetes among older adults, but the association between indices of fetal growth and gestational ...diabetes mellitus (GDM), a major complication of pregnancy and a strong predictor of type 2 diabetes, remains little explored.
To test the hypothesis that a woman's own fetal growth is inversely related to her later risk for GDM.
Case-control study of linked hospital discharge and vital record data from the New York State Department of Health.
Healthy women who completed their first pregnancies in New York State between 1994 and 1998 and who were also born in New York State. Records from each woman's first pregnancy were linked to those from her own birth (1970-1985). Cases were 440 women with a record of GDM. Controls were 22 955 remaining women with no indication of GDM.
A woman's own birth weight, alone and adjusted for gestational age.
Birth weight showed a U-shaped relationship to a woman's risk of GDM in her first pregnancy, with the highest risks associated with low and high birth weights. Odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for gestational age were 2.16 (95% confidence interval CI, 1.04-4.50) for birth weight of less than 2000 g and 1.53 (95% CI, 1.03-2.27) for a birth weight of 4000 g or more. Adjustment for potential confounding factors, particularly prepregnancy body mass index and maternal diabetes, increased the OR for low birth weight to 4.23 (95% CI, 1.55-11.51), but reduced the OR for high birth weight to 0.92 (95% CI, 0.54-1.57), leaving a strong inverse dose-response relationship between birth weight and risk of GDM (adjusted P for trend <.001).
In this large population-based study, a woman's own birth weight was strongly and inversely related to her risk of GDM, suggesting that early life factors may be important in the etiology of this disorder.
Cet ouvrage a pour objectif d'illustrer comment, sous le sol des vignobles, les roches du sous-sol jouent un role dans la production et la qualite du vin, et comment la seve de la terre, absorbee ...puis elaboree par la vigne, influence la personnalite des vins. Les vignobles decrits sont les suivants: Alsace, Champagne, Bourgogne Beaujolais, Jura (les Cotes du Jura, Bugey), Savoie, Cotes du Rhone et Diois (Cotes du Rhone septentrionales, Cotes du Rhone meridionales, Tavel et Lirac, Costieres du Gard, Diois), Provence, Corse, Aquitaine orientale, Languedoc-Roussillon, Bordelais, vins et alcools du Sud-Ouest (Armagnac, Chalosse, Bearn, Pays basque), vignoble des Charentes: Cognac et Pineau, Bourbonnais et Auvergne, Val de Loire (Berry et Orleanais, Touraine, Anjou, Pays nantais), Lorraine, a la recherche des vignobles perdus (region parisienne, Lyonnais)
Cet ouvrage a pour objectif d' illustrer comment, sous le sol des vignobles, les roches du sous-sol jouent un role dans la production et la qualite du vin, et comment la seve de la terre, absorbee ...puis elaboree par la vigne, influence la personnalite des vins. Les vignobles decrits sont les suivants: Alsace, Champagne, Bourgogne Beaujolais, Jura (les Cotes du Jura, Bugey), Savoie, Cotes du Rhone et Diois (Cotes du Rhone septentrionales, Cotes du Rhone meridionales, Tavel et Lirac, Costieres du Gard, Diois), Provence, Corse, Aquitaine orientale, Languedoc-Roussillon, Bordelais, vins et alcools du Sud-Ouest (Armagnac, Chalosse, Bearn, Pays basque), vignoble des Charentes: Cognac et Pineau, Bourbonnais et Auvergne, Val de Loire (Berry et Orleanais, Touraine, Anjou, Pays nantais), Lorraine, a la recherche des vignobles perdus (region parisienne, Lyonnais).
Cet ouvrage est un catalogue de materiels pour l' agriculture et un guide d' aide a l' equipement des exploitations. Il propose plus de 1200 adresses de constructeurs et 1500 references de materiels ...: traction, travail du sol, semis, plantation, fertilisation, protection des cultures, recolte, battage, transformation des produits, exhaure, transport, manutention, stockage, elevage, sante animale, apiculture, foresterie. Il fournit des conseils et recommandations sur les conditions d' introduction de nouvelles techniques et les demarches a privilegier.
L' important parc de tracteurs de motorisation lourde, constitue pendant la premiere Republique, est passe aux mains des prives lors de la disparition des fermes d' Etat. Il s' est reduit et degrade ...du fait du manque de pieces de rechange depuis 1986, date de la fermeture d' AGRIMA, entreprise d' Etat chargee de l' importation, de la commercialisation et de la maintenance du materiel agricole. Cependant, une partie du parc continue a travailler, en adaptant des pieces detachees d' autres types d' engins a moteur diesel, avec une activite mixte en transport et en riziculture de plaines inondables. Ce systeme de culture comporte de nombreux aleas, mais les annees favorables, les detenteurs de machines exploitant des surfaces suffisantes (15 a 20 ha) parviennent a rentabiliser leur activite.
Throughout the world, adults with HIV are living longer, and many are assessing their options for reproduction. The growing body of scientific evidence and commentary concerning the outcomes of ...infertility services provided to these adults demands systematic summary and long-term surveillance if safety, quality, and benefit are to be assured.
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