El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas propuestos por Moreno, Moreno y Cervelló (2007) para el cuestionario Medida de la Intencionalidad para ser Físicamente ...Activo (MIFA). La muestra total fue de 549 adolescentes mexicanos 256 mujeres y 293 hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 11-16 años (M = 12.91; DE = 0.49). La estructura factorial del cuestionario se analizó mediante análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Los análisis, muestran que una estructura unifactorial es viable y adecuada tanto para la muestra total como para las poblaciones de hombres y mujeres. La estructura unifactorial, atendiendo a criterios estadísticos y sustantivos, ha mostrado adecuados indicadores de ajuste de fiabilidad y validez. Por otro lado, la estructura factorial, las cargas factoriales y los interceptos se consideran invariantes de acuerdo al género; sin embargo, existen diferencias entre hombres y mujeres para la media de intencionalidad para ser físicamente activo. En conclusión, el MIFA-M puede ser una herramienta útil para avanzar en el estudio de los factores que afectan a la práctica de actividad física.
The aim of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties proposed by Moreno et al. (2007) for the Measurement of Intention to be Physically Active (MIFA) questionnaire. The total sample has been composed by 549 Mexican adolescents, 256 women and 293 mean, with ages from 11 to 16 years (M = 12.91, SD = 0.49). The factor structure of questionnaire has been analized through the confirmatory factor analysis. This analysis shows that a unifactorial structure is viable and adequate for the total sample and the populations of men and women. The unifactorial structure, according to statistical and substantive criteria, has shown adequate indicators of reliability and validity adjustment. On the other hand, the factorial structure, the factorial loads and the intercepts are considered invariant according to gender; however, there are differences between men and women for the average intentionality of being physically active. In conclusion, the MIFA-M can be a useful tool to advance in the study of the factors that affect the practice of physical activity.
O objetivo do presente estudo instrumental foi analisar a composição e invariância fatorial por gênero do questionário Medida de Intencionalidade a ser Fisicamente Ativa proposto por Moreno et al. (2007) adaptado ao contexto mexicano (MIFA-M) em adolescentes mexicanos. Um total de 549 adolescentes mexicanos, 256 mulheres e 293 homens, com idades entre 11 e 16 anos (M = 12.91; DP = .49) completaram o questionário MIFA-M. A estrutura fatorial do questionário foi analisada por análises fatoriais confirmatórias. Os resultados mostraram que uma estrutura unifatorial é viável e adequada tanto para a amostra total quanto para as populações de homens e mulheres. Com base em critérios estatísticos e substantivos, a estrutura unifatorial apresentou indicadores adequados de confiabilidade e validade. Além disso, a estrutura fatorial, as cargas fatoriais e os interceptos eram invariantes de acordo com o gênero. Maiores valores de intenção de ser fisicamente ativo em homens do que em mulheres foram encontrados. Maiores valores de intenção de ser fisicamente ativo em homens do que em mulheres foram encontrados. Em conclusão, o MIFA-M é um instrumento útil para avaliar a intenção de ser fisicamente ativo em adolescentes mexicanos.
El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas propuestas por Marsh, Martin y Jackson (2010) para la versión corta del Physical Self Description Questionnaire (PSDQ-S). ...La muestra total fue de 915 adolescentes mexicanos 400 deportistas y 515 no deportistas, con edades comprendidas entre 11-15 años (M = 12.33; DE = 1.43). La estructura factorial del cuestionario se analizó mediante análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Los análisis, muestran que una estructura de nueve factores (actividad física, apariencia, grasa corporal, coordinación, resistencia, flexibilidad, salud, competencia deportiva y fuerza) es viable y adecuada tanto para la muestra total (GFI .964; RMSEA .030; CFI .981) como para las poblaciones de adolescentes mexicanos deportistas (GFI .921; RMSEA .049; CFI .946) y no deportistas (GFI .943 y RMSEA .049; CFI .970). La estructura de nueve factores, atendiendo a criterios estadísticos y sustantivos, ha mostrado adecuados indicadores de ajuste de fiabilidad y validez. Por otro lado, la estructura factorial, las cargas factoriales y los interceptos se consideran invariantes de acuerdo a la variable práctica deportiva; sin embargo, existen diferencias significativas a favor de los deportistas en cuanto a su autoconcepto físico: actividad física (-1.243, p <0.001), grasa corporal (-0.212, p <0.05), coordinación (-0.765, p <0.001), resistencia (-0.882, p <0.001), flexibilidad (-0.427, p <0.001), salud (-0.172, p <0.05), competencia deportiva (-1.026, p <0.001) y fuerza (-0.614, p <0.001). En conclusión, el PSDQ-S puede ser una herramienta útil para avanzar en el estudio de los factores que afectan al autoconcepto físico.
The aim of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties proposed by Marsh et al. (2010) for the Physical Self Description Questionnaire (PSDQ-S). The total sample has been composed by 915 Mexican adolescents, 400 athletes and 515 non-athletes, with ages from 11 to 15 years (M = 12.31, SD = 1.43). The factor structure of questionnaire has been analized through the confirmatory factor analysis. This analysis shows that a nine factors structure is viable and adequate for the total sample (GFI .964; RMSEA .030; CFI .981) and the populations of athletes (GFI .921; RMSEA .049; CFI .946) and non-athletes (GFI .943 y RMSEA .049; CFI .970). The nine factors structure (physical activity, appearance, body fat, coordination, endurance, flexibility, health, sport competence, and strength), according to statistical and substantive criteria, has shown adequate indicators of reliability and validity adjustment. On the other hand, the factorial structure, the factorial loads and the intercepts are considered invariant according to the variable sports practice; however, there are differences between athletes and non-athletes in favor of athletes in terms of their physical self-concept: physical activity (-1,243, p <0.001), body fat (-0.212, p <0.05), coordination (-0.765, p <0.001), endurance (-0.882, p <0.001), flexibility (-0.427, p <0.001 ), health (-0.172, p <0.05), sports competition (-1.026, p <0.001) and strength (-0.614, p <0.001). In conclusion, the PSDQ-S can be a useful tool to advance in the study of the factors that affect the physical self-concept.
O principal objetivo deste estudo foi analizar as propiedades psicométricas propostas por Marsh et al. (2010) para a versão curta de Physical Self Description Questionnaire (PSDQ-S). Amostra total foi de 915 adolescentes mexicanos 400 atletas e 515 não- atletas com idades entre 11-15 anos (M = 12.33; DE = 1.43). A estrutura fatorial foi analisado com anàlise fatorial confirmatòria. Os analises mostran a estrutura do nove fatores (atividade física, aparência, gordura corporal, coordenação, resistencia, flexibidade, saúde, competencia esportiva e força) e factível e adequado para a mostra total (GFI .964; RMSEA .030; CFI .981) e para ambas as populações, atletas (GFI .921; RMSEA .049; CFI .946) e não atletas (GFI .943 y RMSEA .049; CFI .970). A estrutura de nove fatores, em resposta a criterios estatísticos e materiais tem mostrado indicadores de ajuste adequados de confiabilidade e validade. Além disso a estrutura de fatores, cargas fatoriais e intercepto são considerados invariantes em variável prativa esportiva, porém diferenças entre atletas e não atletas forom encontrados em favor dos atletas em termos de seu autoconceito físico: atividade física (-1,243, p <0,001), gordura corporal (-0,212, p <0,05), coordenação (-0,765, p <0,001), resistência (-0,882, p <0,001), flexibilidade (-0,427, p <0,001 ), saúde (-0,172, p <0,05), competição esportiva (-1,026, p <0,001) e força (-0,614, p <0,001). Em conclusão, el PSDQ-S pode ser uma ferramenta útil para avançar no estudo dos fatores que afetam o autoconceito físico.
El presente estudio evaluó la percepción sobre su imagen corporal actual, ideal, social e inconformidad corporal entre adolescentes mexicanas deportistas vs no-deportistas. La muestra fue obtenida ...por conveniencia con un total de 408 mujeres con una edad de M= 14.24 y DE= 1.69 años; 198 de ellas conforman el grupo de deportistas (M=14.30 y DE= 1.57) ya que practican algún deporte y participan regularmente en torneos o competencias deportivas, las otras 210 participantes son del grupo de no deportistas (M= 14.18 y DE= 1.79). Todas contestaron la Escala Informatizada para la Estimación del Contorno de la Figura (EIECF) adaptada e informatizada. Los resultados del análisis de la varianza, muestran que las adolescentes no deportistas son quienes eligen modelos más gruesos para su figura actual y social, además de mostrar mayor inconformidad corporal. Resultados que permiten concluir que, en general, las personas activas tienen una mejor percepción de su imagen corporal, que las sedentarias.Abstract. This study consisted in determining differences and similarities between Mexican adolescents who practice a sport and those who do not with regard to their perception of their actual, ideal, and social body image, as well as their body dissatisfaction. A total sample of 408 female teenagers aged 12-17 years old participated in this study; 198 of them practiced a sport and regularly participated in tournaments or competitions. All the participants completed the Contour Drawing Rating Scale adapted and computerized by Gastélum and Blanco (2006). The results of the one-way multivariate analysis of variance, followed by the one-way univariate analyses of variance, showed that adolescents who do not regularly participate in sports show thicker models in their present and social body image, in addition to displaying higher body dissatisfaction.
Being physically active contributes to the physical, emotional and social well-being of the population. People with disabilities are characterized by a lack of habitual physical activity that affects ...their autonomy and health. This research aims to identify the impact of a physical activity program in young people with Down Syndrome. Twenty-six young people (12 women) between 12 and 27 years old (M = 18, DE = 4.35) participated. Participants completed the Eurofit battery, considering the results, a program was developed and implemented with 20 sessions of 45 minutes each, after which participants. Wilcoxon signed rank tests show significant differences between the pre- and post-test in abdominal strength (Median 1= 10.50 vs Median 2= 19.50 sit-ups per minute), p=.002; power in lower limbs, (Median 1= 77.00 vs Median 2 = 85.00 cm), p<.021, flexibility (Median 1=10.50 vs Median 2= 14.50 cm), p<.001; right upper limb speed (Median 1 = 34.73 vs Median 2 = 31.40) p=.010 and speed (Median 1= 4.36 vs Median 2= 3.62 seconds/10m), p< .001. We conclude that the application of a specific program improves physical abilities in young people with Syndrome Down.
Self-efficacy is an essential element to obtain or perfect healthy behaviors. The goal of the study was to predict physical health care in high school students, from gender and self-efficacy factors ...in physical health care (avoidance of tobacco consumption, avoidance of consumption of alcohol, eating care and coping with problems), using structural equation modelling. A total of 468 subjects took part in the study, 270 women and 198 men, all high school students from Mexico. The results show that gender and health care self-efficacy factors indirectly influence stress and the use of addictive substances. The set of variables explain adolescents’ perceived stress; the variables contemplated in the model explain 27% of the total variance in the level of perceived stress. Regarding the prediction of health care through gender and the factors of self-efficacy in physical health care, most of the initially proposed hypotheses model has been fulfilled; in such a way that gender, the use of addictive substances and self-efficacy in coping with problems have a direct positive effect on stress. While physical exercise and self-efficacy in eating care, exert a direct negative effect.
El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo se relacionan las habilidades motrices gruesas y finas en preescolares, la frecuencia de actividades motrices reportadas por los padres y las ...creencias sobre el desarrollo motor en diferente Nivel Socio-Económico (NSE). Participaron 75 padres de familia y sus respectivos hijos de NSE bajo y alto. La frecuencia con que realizan actividades motrices con sus hijos y sus creencias sobre el desarrollo motor se registraron por medio de un cuestionario; las habilidades motrices se evaluaron con las sub-escales de motricidad fina y gruesa del Inventario de Desarrollo Battelle (BDI-2). En los resultados los padres afirmaron otorgar mayor importancia al desarrollo de la motricidad fina que al desarrollo de la motricidad gruesa. Los niños de NSE bajo obtuvieron una puntuación más alta en motricidad gruesa que sus pares de NSE alto, sin embargo no se encontraron diferencias entre las puntuaciones de motricidad fina entre ambos grupos. Concluimos que el desarrollo de las habilidades motrices en preescolar no parece estar asociado a las creencias de los padres ni a la frecuencia con que suelen realizar actividades motrices con sus hijos; sin embargo existen diferencias por NSE en el desempeño de los menores.
El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar las diferencias y similitudes entre universitarios mexicanos que practican un deporte de manera regular con los que no lo hacen, en cuanto a ...la percepción sobre su imagen corporal actual, ideal, social e inconformidad corporal. La muestra total fue de 661 hombres estudiantes universitarios de 18-33 años de edad; 372 de ellos practican algún deporte y participan regularmente en torneos o competencias deportivas. El abordaje adoptado en la investigación se enmarcó dentro de un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño transversal de recogida de datos. Todos los participantes contestaron la Escala Informatizada para la Estimación del Contorno de la Figura (EIECF) adaptada e informatizada por Gastélum y Blanco (2006). Los resultados del análisis multivariante de la varianza, seguido por los análisis de varianza univariados, muestran que los universitarios que no participan de manera regular algún deporte son quienes eligen modelos más gruesos para su figura actual, ideal y social, además de mostrar mayor inconformidad corporal. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en muestras más amplias.Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine differences and similarities in present, ideal, and social body image perception, as well as in body size dissatisfaction, between Mexican university students who practice a sport on a regular basis and those who do not practice any sport. A total sample of 661 male university students aged 18-33 years old participated in this study; 372 of them practiced a sport and participated regularly in sport competitions. A quantitative research approach with a transversal data collection design was used. All participants completed the Contour Drawing Rating Scale adapted and computerized by Gastélum and Blanco (2006). Results of the one-way multivariate analysis of variance, followed by the one-way univariate analyses of variance, showed that university students who do not regularly participate in sports display thicker models for their present, ideal and social figure. In addition, they demonstrate higher body size dissatisfaction. Further research should focus on confirming these outcomes with larger samples.
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