Abstract
A control method for MPPT (maximum power point tracking) based on wind speed prediction is proposed to address the issue of slow attainment of optimal speed values by wind turbines in ...variable wind speed conditions in the wind power system. Initially, the wind speed variation value is accurately estimated using the SSA-BP neural network based on historical wind speed data. Subsequently, the MPP (maximum power point) is calculated considering the optimal blade-tip speed ratio, thereby enhancing the tracking speed of the system. Simulation results demonstrate that this method enables real-time estimation of wind speed variation, improves wind energy utilization rate, and maximizes the utilization of wind energy.
Abstract
This paper presents a hardware acceleration design for convolutional neural networks. Floating-point fixed-point operations, pipeline interlayer parallel acceleration, and design space ...exploration are the three key areas of optimization, and optimized modules can be used to build various networks with convolutions according to specifications for the application scenario, thus achieving a universal design. The experimental results show that the optimization of hardware resources improves the speed and performance of the algorithm, and can withstand larger data volumes and higher real-time requirements. The system achieves an accuracy of 95.09% and an inference speed of 0.237 ms per image, with a high processing speed. As a result, convolutional neural networks may now be used in a wider variety of application scenarios and manage larger datasets and higher real-time demands thanks to the design solutions presented in this research.
We developed a novel strategy to prepare functionalized fluorescent gold nanodots (AuNDs) based on a ligand exchange reaction and demonstrated that glutathione modified AuNDs can be utilized for ...highly sensitive and selective Pb(2+) sensing in aqueous solution.
A series of dual-ligand cofunctionalized fluorescent gold nanodots with similar fluorescence and diverse surface properties has been designed and synthesized to build a protein sensing array. Using ...this “chemical nose/tongue” strategy, fluorescence response patterns can be obtained on the array and identified via linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Eight proteins have been well distinguished at low concentration (A 280 = 0.005) based on this sensor array. The practicability of this sensor array was further validated by high accuracy (100%) examination of 48 unknown protein samples.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic environmental pollutant and also an important gaseous transmitter. Therefore, selective detection of H2S is very important, and visual detection of it with ...the naked eye is preferred in practical applications. In this study, thiolated azido derivates and active esters functionalized gold nanoparticles (AE-AuNPs)-based nanosensors have been successfully prepared for H2S perception. The sensing principle consists of two steps: first, H2S reduces the azide group to a primary amine; second, a cross-linking reaction between the primary amine and active ester induces the aggregation of AuNPs. The AE-AuNPs-based nanosensors show high selectivity toward H2S over other anions and thiols due to the specific azide–H2S chemistry. Under optimal conditions, 0.2 μM H2S is detectable using a UV–vis spectrophotometer, and 4 μM H2S can be easily detected by the naked eye. In addition, the practical application of the designed nanosensors was evaluated with lake water samples.
The financing strategies for a coal-electricity supply chain in which the coal company has capital constraint and faces yield uncertainty were studied.We propose an advance payment mechanism:in the ...coal company’s initial production period,the electricity company provides advance payment to the coal company,and the coal company pays interest to the electricity company as the risk compensation.The optimal operation strategies for the coal company and the electricity company under the advance payment mechanism are derived and compared with those under the bank loan financing case.We find that,the expected profit functions of the coal company and the electricity company under the advance payment mechanism are the same with those under the case that the coal company has enough capital;under the advance payment mechanism,the profits of the coal company and the electricity company are higher than those under the bank financing case.We also discuss the compensation interest rate of the advance payment and the ordering and production quantities under the advance payment mechanism.
Nuclear factors of activated T cells (NFAT) c3 have a prominent role in the regulation of proinflammatory factors in immune cells. The classically activated M1 macrophages are key players in the ...initiation and maintenance of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation. The role of NFATc3 in obesity and AT inflammation is unknown. We set out to determine how deficiency of NFATc3 effected macrophage polarization, inflammation and insulin resistance in visceral AT of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Nfatc3−/− and WT mice were fed a HFD for 8–17 weeks. Epididymal white AT (eWAT) F4/80(+) cells were characterized by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed that Nfatc3−/− mice developed HFD-induced obesity similar to WT mice, but insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance were improved, and liver fat accumulation was reduced in Nfatc3−/− mice compared to WT control mice. Moreover, M1 macrophage content and proinflammatory factors were reduced, whereas the alternatively activated M2 macrophage content was increased in eWAT of HFD-fed Nfatc3−/− mice compared to that of WT mice. In addition, eWAT insulin signaling was improved in HFD-fed Nfatc3−/− mice. Importantly, after bone-marrow-derived macrophages had been isolated from Nfatc3−/− mice and cultured in vitro, treatment of these cells with interferon-γ and lipopolysaccharide resulted in reduction of M1 inflammatory markers, suggesting that NFATc3 promoted M1 polarization by a cell-autonomous mechanism. The results demonstrated that NFATc3 played an important role in M1 macrophage polarization, AT inflammation and insulin resistance in response to obesity through transcriptional activation of proinflammatory genes.
We report a one-pot, two-step strategy to synthesize fluorescent gold nanodots (AuNDs) co-modified with 1-(10-mercaptodecyl)-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione (TSH) and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) ...through a ligand exchange reaction and demonstrate their capability of selective sulfide sensing in aqueous media on the basis of fluorescence recovery.
The nucleic acid polymerase-catalyzed nucleotidyl transfer reaction associated with polymerase active site closure is a key step in the nucleotide addition cycle (NAC). Two proton transfer events can ...occur in such a nucleotidyl transfer: deprotonation of the priming nucleotide 3'-hydroxyl nucleophile and protonation of the pyrophosphate (PPi) leaving group. In viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs), whether and how active site residues participate in this two-proton transfer reaction remained to be clarified. Here we report a 2.5 Å resolution crystal structure of enterovirus 71 (EV71) RdRP in a catalytically closed pre-chemistry conformation, with a proposed proton donor candidate K360 in close contact with the NTP γ-phosphate. Enzymology data reveal that K360 mutations not only reduce RdRP catalytic efficiency but also alter pH dependency profiles in both elongation and pre-elongation synthesis modes. Interestingly, mutations at R174, an RdRP-invariant residue in motif F, had similar effects with additional impact on the Michaelis constant of NTP (KM,NTP). However, direct participation in protonation was not evident for K360 or R174. Our data suggest that both K360 and R174 participate in nucleotidyl transfer, while their possible roles in acid-base or positional catalysis are discussed in comparison with other classes of nucleic acid polymerases.
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