Precision agriculture and smart farming are concepts that are acquiring an important boom due to their relationship with the Internet of Things (IoT), especially in the search for new mechanisms and ...procedures that allow for sustainable and efficient agriculture to meet future demand from an increasing population. Both concepts require the deployment of sensor networks that monitor agricultural variables for the integration of spatial and temporal agricultural data. This paper presents a system that has been developed to measure the attenuation of radio waves in the 2.4 GHz free band (ISM- Industrial, Scientific and Medical) when propagating inside a tomato greenhouse based on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and a procedure for using the system to measure RSSI at different distances and heights. The system is based on Zolertia Re-Mote nodes with the Contiki operating system and a Raspberry Pi to record the data obtained. The receiver node records the RSSI at different locations in the greenhouse with the transmitter node and at different heights. In addition, a study of the radio wave attenuation was measured in a tomato greenhouse, and we publish the corresponding obtained dataset in order to share with the research community.
LSTM Networks for Home Energy Efficiency Severiche-Maury, Zurisaddai; Arrubla-Hoyos, Wilson; Ramirez-Velarde, Raul ...
Designs,
08/2024, Letnik:
8, Številka:
4
Journal Article
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This study aims to develop and evaluate an LSTM neural network for predicting household energy consumption. To conduct the experiment, a testbed was created consisting of five common appliances, ...namely, a TV, air conditioner, fan, computer, and lamp, each connected to individual smart meters within a Home Energy Management System (HEMS). Additionally, a meter was installed on the distribution board to measure total consumption. Real-time data were collected at 15-min intervals for 30 days in a residence that represented urban energy consumption in Sincelejo, Sucre, inhabited by four people. This setup enabled the capture of detailed and specific energy consumption data, facilitating data analysis and validating the system before large-scale implementation. Using the detailed power consumption information of these devices, an LSTM model was trained to identify temporal connections in power usage. Proper data preparation, including normalisation and feature selection, was essential for the success of the model. The results showed that the LSTM model was effective in predicting energy consumption, achieving a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.0169. This study emphasises the importance of continued research on preferred predictive models and identifies areas for future research, such as the integration of additional contextual data and the development of practical applications for residential energy management. Additionally, it demonstrates the potential of LSTM models in smart-home energy management and serves as a solid foundation for future research in this field.
The production of crops in greenhouses will ensure the demand for food for the world’s population in the coming decades. Precision agriculture is an important tool for this purpose, supported among ...other things, by the technology of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in the monitoring of agronomic parameters. Therefore, prior planning of the deployment of WSN nodes is relevant because their coverage decreases when the radio waves are attenuated by the foliage of the plantation. In that sense, the method proposed in this study applies Deep Learning to develop an empirical model of radio wave attenuation when it crosses vegetation that includes height and distance between the transceivers of the WSN nodes. The model quality is expressed via the parameters cross-validation, R2 of 0.966, while its generalized error is 0.920 verifying the reliability of the empirical model.
Uno de los temas que poco se ha profundizado es la evaluación del clima organizacional en empresas del sector agropecuario bajo análisis de estadísticas multivariadas, es así que el propósito del ...presente estudio es construir y validar un instrumento para medir el clima organizacional de las empresas tecnificadas de ganadería de leche, bajo un enfoque mixto, con un alcance exploratorio de tipo tecnológico psicométrico, desarrollando un análisis de variables categóricas. La muestra de estudio fueron 45 fincas, las cuales, se analizaron bajo 9 dimensiones, soportadas en 97 ítems, bajo la escala Likert, donde el alfa de Cronbach obtenido fue de 0.9044395, lo que evidencia que los datos son confiables y que existe consistencia interna entre las preguntas del cuestionario. El análisis de resultados, se hizo mediante técnicas multivariadas de correspondencia simple para cada una de las dimensiones establecidas, permitiendo analizar la problemática desde un enfoque psicosocial. La dimensión de mayor preocupación fue la de Contexto social, que evidenció problemas relacionados con la escasa oportunidad de interacción social, pocos espacios de recreación y esparcimiento familiar; la dimensión mejor evaluada fue la de liderazgo y participación, demostrando una muy buena relación con el jefe. En general, se pude decir que el mayor porcentaje de agrupamiento de las respuestas está alrededor de la opción siempre, correspondiente a la calificación ideal para cada ítem, representado en el 57,32%, lo que indica un comportamiento cercano a lo óptimo, en determinadas variables analizadas.
The information included in this study were calculated on the basis of data provided by the Spanish electricity grid, for thirteen years between 2007 and 2019. This data includes: the average ...consumption demand on the Spanish electricity grid at national level, and its availability. Subsequently, the report looks at the number of electric vehicles that could be supported in the years 2020–2023, depending on the consumption demand and availably of the electricity grid for those future years. The data presented in the article refers to the research study: ‘Electric vehicles in Spain: An overview of charging systems’1 and ‘Analysis of charging stations for electric vehicles in Spain’ 2.
The market liberalization policy is forcing business sectors and localities to generate strategies aimed to improving the living conditions of entrepreneurs and at the same time, being competitive. ...The present study exhibits the major contributions to local development, obtained from the creation associativity strategy of small coffee growers in Ocamonte (APCO), Santander-Colombia. It was observed that contributions evidenced in the dimension improvements as follows: socio-cultural, economic, environmental and policy- institutional, respectively. Given these concerns, a descriptive study with a sample of 45 associates was designed, from which in the second half of 2015, a structured survey was applied, evidencing the perceptions of the associates in relation of their achievements, evidenced associativity for more than 20 years, entering into fair trade agreements, improving their living conditions, being competitive and contributing to local development of their municipality. In fact, these results were corroborated in information obtained in interviews with members of the director board of the coffee growers association, as well as officials of the City Hall and schoolteachers in the association area of influence.
The data to construct the missing wind-speed value in the weather station record at “Collado de Yuste”, between the years 2002 to 2012, was calculated using wind speed data recorded in two other ...nearby weather stations, those in “Solana del Zapatero” and “Calar Alto”. The three mentioned stations are located in the mountain range of the province of Almeria, Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain. After calculating the degree of association using the correlation coefficient 1 and Wavelet Transform Scalogram 2, the data was successfully constructed. This paper refers to another study: Wind missing data arrangement using wavelet based techniques for getting maximum likelihood 3.
There is a need to integrate advancements in biomedical, information, and communication technologies with care processes within the framework of the inpatient safety program to support effective risk ...management of adverse events occurring in the hospital environment and to improve inpatient safety. In this respect, this work presents the development of a software platform using the Scrum methodology and the integrated technology of the Internet of Things for monitoring and managing inpatient safety. A modular solution is developed under a hexagonal architecture, using PHP as the backend language through the Laravel framework. A MySQL database was used for the data layer, and Vue.js was used for the user interface. This work implemented an RFID-based nurse call system using Internet of Things (IoT) concepts. The system enables nurses to respond to each inpatient within a given time limit and without the inpatient or a family member having to approach the nursing station. The system also provides reports and indicators that help evaluate the quality of inpatient care and helps to take measures to improve inpatient safety during care. In addition, diet management is integrated to reduce the occurrence of adverse events. A LoRa and Wi-Fi-based IoT network was implemented using a LoRa transceiver and the ESP32 MCU, chosen for its low power consumption, low cost, and wide availability. Bidirectional communication between hardware and software is handled through an MQTT Broker. The system integrates temperature and humidity sensors and smoke sensors, among others.
B lymphocytes play an important role in the immune response induced by mucosal adjuvants. In this study we investigated the in vitro antigen-presenting cell (APC) properties of human B cells upon ...treatment with cholera toxin (CT) and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and nontoxic counterparts of these toxins, such as the B subunit of CT (CT-B) and the mutant of LT lacking ADP ribosyltransferase activity (LTK63). Furthermore, forskolin (FSK), a direct activator of adenylate cyclase, and cyclic AMP (cAMP) analogues were used to investigate the role of the increase in intracellular cAMP caused by the A subunit of CT and LT. B lymphocytes were cultured with adjuvants and polyclonal stimuli necessary for activation of B cells in the absence of CD4 T cells. Data indicated that treatment with CT, LT, FSK, or cAMP analogues, but not treatment with CT-B or LTK63, upregulated surface activation markers on B cells, such as CD86 and HLA-DR, and induced inhibition of the proliferation of B cells at early time points, while it increased cell death in long-term cultures. Importantly, B cells treated with CT, LT, or FSK were able to induce pronounced proliferation of both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ allogeneic T cells compared with untreated B cells and B cells treated with CT-B and LTK63. Finally, only treatment with toxins or FSK induced antigen-specific T-cell proliferation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative or tetanus toxoid responder donors. Taken together, these results indicated that the in vitro effects of CT and LT on human B cells are mediated by cAMP.
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