Direct detection experiments obtain 90% upper limits on the elastic scattering cross sections of dark matter with nucleons assuming point-like interactions and standard astrophysical and cosmological ...parameters. In this paper we provide a recasting of the limits from XENON1T, PICO-60, CRESST-III and DarkSide-50 and include them in micrOMEGAs. The code can then be used to directly impose constraints from these experiments on generic dark matter models under different assumptions about the DM velocity distribution or on the nucleus form factors. Moreover, new limits on the elastic scattering cross sections can be obtained in the presence of a light t-channel mediator or of millicharged particles.
micrOMEGAs is a code to compute dark matter observables in generic extensions of the standard model. This version of micrOMEGAs includes a generalization of the Boltzmann equations to take into ...account the possibility of two dark matter candidates. The modification of the relic density calculation to include interactions between the two dark matter sectors as well as semi-annihilation is presented. Both dark matter signals in direct and indirect detection are computed as well. An extension of the standard model with two scalar doublets and a singlet is used as an example.
Program title: MicrOMEGAs4.1
Catalogue identifier: ADQR_v4_0
Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADQR_v4_0.html
Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N. Ireland
Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html
No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 738425
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 9807620
Distribution format: tar.gz
Programming language: C and Fortran.
Computer: PC, Mac.
Operating system: UNIX (Linux, Darwin).
RAM: 50MB depending on the number of processes required.
Classification: 1.9, 11.6.
Catalogue identifier of previous version: ADQR_v3.0
Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Comm. 185 (2014) 960
External routines: CalcHEP, SuSpect, NMSSMTools, CPSuperH, LoopTools, HiggsBounds
Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes
Nature of problem: Calculation of the relic density and direct and indirect detection rates of the lightest stable particle in particle physics models with at most two stable dark matter candidates.
Solution method: In the case where the two dark matter particles have very different masses, we find that the equations for the evolution of the density of dark matter behave as stiff equations. To solve these we use the backward scheme and the Rosenbrock algorithm. The standard solution based on the Runge–Kutta method is still used for models with only one dark matter candidate.
Reasons for new version: There are many experiments that are currently searching for the remnants of dark matter annihilation and the relic density is determined precisely from cosmological measurements. In this version we generalize the Boltzmann equations to take into account the possibility of two dark matter candidates. Thus, in solving for the relic density we include interactions between the two dark matter sectors as well as semi-annihilation. The dark matter signals in direct and indirect detection are computed as well.
Summary of revisions:•Generalization of the Boltzmann equations to include two dark matter candidates, their interactions and semi-annihilations, the relative density of the two dark matter components is taken into account when computing direct/indirect detection rates.•Upgrade of the numerical method for solving the Boltzmann equations.•Include sample extensions of the standard model with extra doublet and singlets which contain two stable neutral particles.Unusual features: Depending on the parameters of the model, the program generates additional new code, compiles it and loads it dynamically.
Running time: 4 sec
micrOMEGAs is a code to compute dark matter observables in generic extensions of the standard model. This new version of micrOMEGAs is a major update which includes a generalization of the ...Boltzmann equations to accommodate models with asymmetric dark matter or with semi-annihilation and a first approach to a generalization of the thermodynamics of the Universe in the relic density computation. Furthermore a switch to include virtual vector bosons in the final states in the annihilation cross sections or relic density computations is added. Effective operators to describe loop-induced couplings of Higgses to two-photons or two-gluons are introduced and reduced couplings of the Higgs are provided allowing for a direct comparison with recent LHC results. A module that computes the signature of DM captured in celestial bodies in neutrino telescopes is also provided. Moreover the direct detection module has been improved as concerns the implementation of the strange “content” of the nucleon. New extensions of the standard model are included in the distribution.
Title of program: micrOMEGAs3.
Program obtainable from:http://lapth.cnrs.fr/micromegas
Computers for which the program is designed and others on which it has been tested: PC, Mac
Operating systems under which the program has been tested : UNIX (Linux, Darwin)
Programming language used: C and Fortran
Memory required to execute with typical data: 50 MB depending on the number of processes required.
No. of processors used: 1
Has the code been vectorized or parallelized: no
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data: 70736 kB
External routines/libraries used: no
CPC Program Library subprograms used: CalcHEP, SuSpect, NMSSMTools, CPSuperH, LoopTools, HiggsBounds
Catalogue identifier of previous version: ADQR_v1_3
Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Comm. 182 (2011) 842
Does the new version supersede the previous version: yes
Nature of physical problem: Calculation of the relic density and direct and indirect detection rates of the lightest stable particle in a generic new model of particle physics.
Method of solution: In numerically solving the evolution equation for the density of dark matter, relativistic formulae for the thermal average are used. All tree-level processes for annihilation and coannihilation of new particles in the model are included as well as some 3-body final states. The cross-sections for all processes are calculated exactly with CalcHEP after definition of a model file. The propagation of the charged cosmic rays is solved within a semi-analytical two-zone model.
Reasons for the new version: There are many experiments that are currently searching for the remnants of dark matter annihilation and the relic density is determined precisely from cosmological measurements. In this version we add the computation of dark matter signals in neutrino telescopes, we generalize the Boltzmann equations so as to take into account a larger class of dark matter models and improve the precision in the prediction of the relic density for DM masses that are below the W mass. We compute the signal strength for Higgs production in different channels to compare with the results of the LHC.
Summary of revisions:•Generalization of the Boltzmann equations to include asymmetric dark matter and semi-annihilations: the DM asymmetry is taken into account when computing direct/indirect detection rates.•Incorporating loop-induced decays of Higgs particles to two-photons and two-gluons, and computing the signal strength for Higgs production in various channels that can be compared to results from LHC searches.•New module for neutrino signature from DM capture in the Sun and the Earth•Annihilation cross sections for some selected 3-body processes in addition to the 2-body tree-level processes. The 3-body option can be included in the computation of the relic density and/or for annihilation of dark matter in the galaxy.•Possibility of using different tables for the effective degrees of freedom in the early Universe•Annihilation cross sections for the loop induced processes γγ and γZ0 in the NMSSM and the CPVMSSM•New function for incorporating DM clumps•New function to define the strange quark content of the nucleon•The LanHEP source code for new models is included•New models with scalar DM are included (Inert doublet model and model with Z3 symmetry)•New implementation of the NMSSM which uses the Higgs self-couplings and the particle spectrum calculated in NMSSMTools_4.1•New versions of spectrum generators used in the MSSM (Suspect_2.4.1) and in the CPVMSSM (CPsuperH2.3)•Extended routines for flavor physics in the MSSM•New facilities to compute DM observables independently of the model•Update in interface tools to read files produced by other codes, this allows easy interface to other codesTypical running time: 4 s
Unusual features of the program: Depending on the parameters of the model, the program generates additional new code, compiles it and loads it dynamically.
We propose a method for increasing Raman scattering from an ensemble of molecules by up to 4 orders of magnitude. Our method requires an additional coherent source of IR radiation with the ...half-frequency of the Stokes shift. This radiation excites the molecule electronic subsystem that in turn, via Fröhlich coupling, parametrically excites nuclear oscillations at a resonant frequency. This motion is coherent and leads to a boost of the Raman signal in comparison to the spontaneous signal because its intensity is proportional to the squared number of molecules in the illuminated volume.
LHC-friendly minimal freeze-in models Bélanger, G.; Desai, N.; Goudelis, A. ...
The journal of high energy physics,
02/2019, Letnik:
2019, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
We propose simple freeze-in models where the observed dark matter abundance is explained via the decay of an electrically charged and/or coloured parent particle into Feebly Interacting ...Massive Particles (FIMP). The parent particle is long-lived and yields a wide variety of LHC signatures depending on its lifetime and quantum numbers. We assess the current constraints and future high luminosity reach of these scenarios at the LHC from searches for heavy stable charged particles, disappearing tracks, displaced vertices and displaced leptons. We show that the LHC constitutes a powerful probe of freeze-in dark matter and can further provide interesting insights on the validity of vanilla baryogenesis and leptogenesis scenarios.
Using 3D particle-in-cell simulations we study ion acceleration from a foil irradiated by a laser pulse at 10(19) W/cm(2) intensity. At the front side, the laser ponderomotive force pushes electrons ...inwards, thus creating the electric field by charge separation, which drags the ions. At the back side of the foil, the ions are accelerated by space charge of the hot electrons exiting into vacuum, as suggested by Hatchett et al. Phys. Plasmas 7, 2076 (2000). The transport of hot electrons through the overdense plasma and their exit into vacuum are strongly affected by self-generated magnetic fields. The fast ions emerge from the rear surface in cones similar to those detected by Clark et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 670 (2000).
Ultra-intense MeV photon and neutron beams are indispensable tools in many research fields such as nuclear, atomic and material science as well as in medical and biophysical applications. For ...applications in laboratory nuclear astrophysics, neutron fluxes in excess of 10
n/(cm
s) are required. Such ultra-high fluxes are unattainable with existing conventional reactor- and accelerator-based facilities. Currently discussed concepts for generating high-flux neutron beams are based on ultra-high power multi-petawatt lasers operating around 10
W/cm
intensities. Here, we present an efficient concept for generating γ and neutron beams based on enhanced production of direct laser-accelerated electrons in relativistic laser interactions with a long-scale near critical density plasma at 10
W/cm
intensity. Experimental insights in the laser-driven generation of ultra-intense, well-directed multi-MeV beams of photons more than 10
ph/sr and an ultra-high intense neutron source with greater than 6 × 10
neutrons per shot are presented. More than 1.4% laser-to-gamma conversion efficiency above 10 MeV and 0.05% laser-to-neutron conversion efficiency were recorded, already at moderate relativistic laser intensities and ps pulse duration. This approach promises a strong boost of the diagnostic potential of existing kJ PW laser systems used for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) research.
Abstract
Reaching gigagauss magnetic fields opens new horizons both in atomic and plasma physics. At these magnetic field strengths, the electron cyclotron energy
ℏω
c
becomes comparable to the ...atomic binding energy (the Rydberg), and the cyclotron frequency
ω
c
approaches the plasma frequency at solid state densities that significantly modifies optical properties of the target. The generation of such strong quasistatic magnetic fields in laboratory remains a challenge. Using supercomputer simulations, we demonstrate how it can be achieved all-optically by irradiating a micro-channel target by a circularly polarized relativistic femtosecond laser. The laser pulse drives a strong electron vortex along the channel wall, inducing a megagauss longitudinal magnetic field in the channel by the Inverse Faraday Effect. This seed field is then amplified up to a gigagauss level and maintained on a sub-picosecond time scale by the synergistic effect of hydrodynamic flows and dynamos. Our scheme sets a possible platform for producing long living extreme magnetic fields in laboratories using readily available lasers. The concept might also be relevant for applications such as magneto-inertial fusion.
A radiation-reaction trapping (RRT) of electrons is revealed in the near-QED regime of laser-plasma interaction. Electrons quivering in laser pulse experience radiation reaction (RR) recoil force by ...radiating photons. When the laser field reaches the threshold, the RR force becomes significant enough to compensate for the expelling laser ponderomotive force. Then electrons are trapped inside the laser pulse instead of being scattered off transversely and form a dense plasma bunch. The mechanism is demonstrated both by full three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations using the QED photonic approach and numerical test-particle modeling based on the classical Landau-Lifshitz formula of RR force. Furthermore, the proposed analysis shows that the threshold of laser field amplitude for RRT is approximately the cubic root of laser wavelength over classical electron radius. Because of the pinching effect of the trapped electron bunch, the required laser intensity for RRT can be further reduced.
We demonstrate the experimental feasibility of probing the fully nonperturbative regime of quantum electrodynamics with a 100 GeV-class particle collider. By using tightly compressed and focused ...electron beams, beamstrahlung radiation losses can be mitigated, allowing the particles to experience extreme electromagnetic fields. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations confirm the viability of this approach. The experimental forefront envisaged has the potential to establish a novel research field and to stimulate the development of a new theoretical methodology for this yet unexplored regime of strong-field quantum electrodynamics.
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