The brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus), and the white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) are problematic insect pests ...and cause severe yield losses through phloem sap-sucking and virus transmission. Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), a plant cytorhabdovirus, has been developed as versatile expression platforms in SBPHs and cereal plants. However, bio-safe overexpression vectors based on recombinant BYSMV (rBYSMV) remain to be developed and applied to the three kinds of planthoppers. Here, we found that rBYSMV was able to infect SBPHs, BPHs and WBPHs through microinjection with crude extracts from rBYSMV-infected barley leaves. To ensure bio-safety of the rBYSMV vectors, we generated an rBYSMV mutant by deleting the accessory protein P3, a putative viral movement protein. As expected, the resulting mutant abolished viral systemic infection in barley plants but had no effects on BYSMV infectivity in insect vectors. Subsequently, we used the modified rBYSMV vector to overexpress iron transport peptide (ITP) in the three kinds of planthoppers and revealed the potential functions of ITP. Overall, our results provide bio-safe overexpression platforms to facilitate functional genomics studies of planthoppers.
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•BYSMV is able to infect Laodelphax striatellus, Nilaparvata lugens, and Sogatella furcifera by microinjection.•A recombinant BYSMV mutant was developed into a bio-safe foreign protein expression platform in planthoppers.•Overexpression of the iron transport peptide (ITP) resulted in light cuticle color and decreased insect survival in planthopper.
Background
Recently, functional homotopy (FH) architecture, defined as robust functional connectivity (FC) between homotopic regions, has been frequently reported to be altered in MDD patients (MDDs) ...but with divergent locations.
Methods
In this study, we obtained resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R‐fMRI) data from 1004 MDDs (mean age, 33.88 years; age range, 18–60 years) and 898 matched healthy controls (HCs) from an aggregated dataset from 20 centers in China. We focused on interhemispheric function integration in MDDs and its correlation with clinical characteristics using voxel‐mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) devised to inquire about FH patterns.
Results
As compared with HCs, MDDs showed decreased VMHC in visual, motor, somatosensory, limbic, angular gyrus, and cerebellum, particularly in posterior cingulate gyrus/precuneus (PCC/PCu) (false discovery rate FDR q < 0.002, z = −7.07). Further analysis observed that the reduction in SMG and insula was more prominent with age, of which SMG reflected such age‐related change in males instead of females. Besides, the reduction in MTG was found to be a male‐special abnormal pattern in MDDs. VMHC alterations were markedly related to episode type and illness severity. The higher Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, the more apparent VMHC reduction in the primary visual cortex. First‐episode MDDs revealed stronger VMHC reduction in PCu relative to recurrent MDDs.
Conclusions
We confirmed a significant VMHC reduction in MDDs in broad areas, especially in PCC/PCu. This reduction was affected by gender, age, episode type, and illness severity. These findings suggest that the depressive brain tends to disconnect information exchange across hemispheres.
Both tribendimidine and mebendazole are broad-spectrum drugs for anti-intestinal nematodes. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of tribendimidine and mebendazole in patients with co-infection of ...Clonorchis sinensis and other helminths.
We performed a randomized open-label trial in Qiyang, People's Republic of China. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (i) a single dose of 400 mg tribendimidine, (ii) 200 mg tribendimidine twice daily, (iii) 75 mg/kg praziquantel divided in four doses within 2 days, and (iv) a single dose of 400 mg mebendazole. Cure rates and egg reduction rates were assessed, and adverse events were monitored after treatments. Uncured patients accepted the second treatment with the same drugs after the first treatment.
156 patients were eligible for the study. Results from the first treatment showed that the cure rates of single-dose tribendimidine and praziquantel against C. sinensis were 50% and 56.8%, respectively; the single-dose tribendimidine achieved the cure rate of 77.8% in the treatment for hookworm, which was significantly higher than that of praziquantel; Low cure rates were obtained in the treatment of single-dose tribendimidine against Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura (28.6% and 23.1%). Results of the second treatment illustrated the cure rates of tribendimidine and praziquantel against C. sinensis were 78.1% and 75%, respectively. Most adverse events were mild and transient. Adverse events caused by tribendimidine were significantly less than praziquantel.
Single-dose tribendimidine showed similar efficacy against C. sinensis as praziquantel with less adverse events, and achieved significantly higher cure rate in the treatment for hookworm than those of praziquantel and mebendazole. Low cure rates, which were still higher than other drugs, were obtained in the treatment of single-dose tribendimidine against Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura.
Controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN55086560.
A total k-coloring c of a graph G is a proper total coloring c of G using colors of the set k = {1, 2,...,k}. Let f（u） denote the sum of the color on a vertex u and colors on all the edges incident ...to u. A k-neighbor sum distinguishing total coloring of G is a total k-coloring of G such that for each edge uv ∈ E（G）, f（u） ≠ f（v）. By X＂nsd（G）, we denote the smallest value k in such a coloring of G. Pilgniak and Wozniak conjectured that X＂nsd（G） ≤ △（G）＋ 3 for any simple graph with maximum degree △（G）. In this paper, by using the famous Combinatorial Nullstellensatz, we prove that the conjecture holds for any triangle free planar graph with maximum degree at least 7.
Femoral head avascular necrosis (FHAN) is a very common condition among elderly population. Previous studies have reported that total hip arthroplasty (THAP) can benefit patients with such condition. ...However, no study systematically addressed this topic. Thus, this study will systematically explore the efficacy and safety of THAP for the treatment of patients with FHAN.
We will search the following electronic bibliographic databases from inception to the February 29, 2020: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database. Randomized controlled trials of THAP for the treatment of patients with FHAN will be included, which were reported in any language. All process of study selection, data collection, and study quality assessment will be performed independently by 2 authors independently. Any divergences will be solved by discussion with another author. RevMan 5.3 software will be carried out for data synthesis and analysis.
This study will provide a detailed summary of current evidence related to the efficacy and safety of THAP for the treatment of patients with FHAN through assessing pain intensity of hip or knee joints, function and limitation of attacked femoral head, health-related quality of life, and complications.
The findings of this study may provide helpful guidance of THAP for the treatment of patients with FHAN.
INPLASY202040067.
Previous studies have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (EPSW) combined spinal core decompression (SCD) has been used for the treatment of patients with femoral head necrosis (FHN) effectively. ...However, their results are still inconsistent. Therefore, this study will systematically assess the efficacy and safety of EPSW and SCD for the treatment of patients with FHN.
This study will systematically search the following databases from inception through March 1, 2020: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All searches will be performed without language and publication date restrictions. This study will only include randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy and safety of EPSW and SCD for the treatment of patients with FHN. Two authors will independently assess all literatures, extract data, and appraise risk of bias. Any confusion between 2 authors will be cleared up by a third author through discussion. RevMan 5.3 software will be utilized to analyze the data and to perform a meta-analysis if necessary.
This study will summarize up-to-date evidence and provide a detailed summary related to the efficacy and safety of EPSW and SCD for the treatment of patients with FHN.
This study may provide helpful evidence to determine whether or not EPSW combined SCD is effective and safety for the treatment of patients with FHN.
INPLASY202040092.
Abstract This study explored the effect of percutaneous intervertebral foraminoscopic discectomy (PIFD) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). This retrospective study collected a total of ...88 patient cases for inclusion. Epidemiological and clinical data of patients with LDH at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University between May 2017 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Of those, 44 patients received PIFD and were allocated to an intervention group. The other 44 patients administrated fenestration discectomy (FD), and were assigned to a control group. We compared surgery time (minute), incision length (cm), duration of hospital stay after surgery (day), pain intensity (as checked by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), health-related quality of life (as examined by Oswestry Disability Index, ODI), and complications between 2 groups. There were not significant differences in surgery time (minute) ( P = .56), VAS ( P = .33) and ODI ( P = .46) after surgery between 2 groups. However, there were significant differences in incision size (cm) ( P < .01) and length of hospital stay (day) ( P < .01) after surgery between 2 groups. When compared before the surgery, patients in both groups had significant improvements in VAS ( P < .01) and ODI ( P < .01) after the surgery. Moreover, both groups had similar safety profiles ( P > .05). The findings of this study showed that both PIFD and FD benefit patients with LDH. However, PIFD can benefit patients more than FD in the incision size and duration of hospital stay after surgery.
Femoral head avascular necrosis (FHAN) is one of the most common progressive orthopedic disorders. Previous studies have reported that artificial femoral head replacement (AFHR) can effectively treat ...patients with FHAN. However, no systematic review has investigated the efficacy of AFHR for FHAN. This study will assess the efficacy of AFHR for patients with FHAN.
We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure up to March 1, 2019 without any restrictions. Any randomized controlled trials for assessing the efficacy of AFHR for patients with FHAN. The methodological quality for each eligible study will be assessed by using Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical analysis will be conducted by using RevMan 5.3.
This study will provide current evidence of AFHR for patients with FHAN from several aspects, including pain intensity, function, and limitation of femoral head, health-related quality of life, and safety.
This study will provide latest evidence on assessing the efficacy and safety of AFHR for FHAN.PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO CRD42019126249.
This retrospective study investigated the effect of knee joint function training (KJFT) on joint functional rehabilitation after knee replacement in Chinese patients with severe knee osteoarthritis ...(KOA).Eighty-six eligible patients with severe KOA were included. Of those, 43 patients in the intervention group received KJFT and educational program, while the other 43 patients received educational program only. Primary outcome was measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes were measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). All outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1 week before and 3 months after the surgery.Patients in the intervention group showed encouraging benefit neither at 1 week before nor 3 months after the surgery in all outcome measurements, including WOMAC, VAS, and KOOS, when compared with the patients in the control group.The results of this study did not show promising effect of KJFT for joint functional rehabilitation in Chinese patients with KOA after KJR.
Abstract Objective To evaluate the optimal endometrial preparation protocol for frozen–thawed embryo transfer (FET) following hysteroscopic polypectomy. Methods This was a retrospective clinical ...cohort study involving 464 patients who underwent their first FET after polyp resection between January 2021 and July 2023. The cohorts were categorized into three groups: the natural cycle (NC) group ( n = 139), the ovarian induction (OI) group ( n = 117), and the hormone replacement therapy (HRT) group ( n = 208). Results In the initial unadjusted analysis, both NC and OI cycles exhibited similar pregnancy rates but were associated with significantly higher implantation rate (56.5%, 57.1% vs 42.0%, P < 0.001), clinical pregnancy rate (73.4%, 74.4% vs 57.2%, P = 0.001), and ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR; 67.6%, 63.2% vs 51.0%, P = 0.005) compared to the HRT group. Additionally, the three groups demonstrated comparable abortion rate (7.8%, 14.9% vs 10.9%, P = 0.299). After adjusting for potential confounders in the multiple logistic regression model, the HRT protocol resulted in a 54% significantly lower OPR compared to the NC protocol (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 0.46, 95% confidence interval CI: 0.28–0.77; P = 0.003). Meanwhile, the OPR difference between the OI protocol and the NC protocol remained insignificant (OI vs NC: aOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.35–1.12; P = 0.112). Conclusion The ovulatory‐FET scheme (NC and OI) following hysteroscopic polyp resection displayed promising clinical outcomes compared with HRT‐FET scheme. The regimen without exogenous estrogen administration should be prioritized for endometrial preparation protocol after polypectomy.
Synopsis Implementing an endometrial preparation protocol devoid of exogenous estrogen administration can lead to significantly better FET results after hysteroscopic polypectomy.
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