Throughout the decades of continuous advances in semiconductor technology, from the discrete devices of the late 1950s to today's billon-transistor system-on-chip, there have always been concerns ...about the ability of components to operate safely in an increasingly disruptive electromagnetic environment. This paper provides a nonexhaustive review of the research work conducted in the field of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) at the IC level over the past 40 years. It also brings together a collection of information and trends in IC technology, in order to build a tentative roadmap for the EMC of ICs until the year 2020, with a focus on measurement methods and modeling approaches.
In 2018, Indonesian government set 100 districts as the priority to reduce stunting. In this study, we hypothesize that the 100 determined districts should not be treated on an equal policy, due to ...some underlying factors that might affect the stunting in those districts. Thus, it is necessary to identify and analyze the grouping of 100 priority districts for stunting interventions in 2018 based on the National Team's indicators for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction to see the severity of stunting. It is hoped that this clustering could be a reference for the government in determining priority regency groups to reduce stunting rates. Data on 100 districts, represented by eight numerical measurements and six categorical measurements were analyzed using Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) method. Data similarity was measured using Gower distance, which can handle the clustering of mixed data types. We identified five priority district groups which provide meaningful insights. One of the groups has the worst stunting severity condition among other groups, for each indicator; implying the high priority to follow-up by the government. The majority of districts in Papua and East Nusa Tenggara Provinces are districts with poor stunting severity. We also found that poverty, proportion of the population with defecation in latrines, access to clean water and proper sanitation, number of integrated healthcare centers (posyandu) in a village, and number of doctors in each district are important factors that explain the stunting severity.
Lycorine is an alkaloid isolated from bulbs of Pancratium foetidum Pom Amaryllidaceae of the genus Lycoris. It has very strong pharmacodynamics properties and biological effects, among others, ...antimalarial, antiviral, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory. Lycorine has been identified and characterized by thin layer chromatography, IR and NMR (1H and 13C NMR, COZY, HMBC, HSQC and NOESY).
The antibacterial activity of lycorine has been evaluated. Lycorine has a moderate antibacterial activity on the majority of strains studied, nevertheless it is more effective than Streptomycin and Ampicillin against bacteria: P. aeruginosa, En. cloacae. To confirm these results, it is necessary to use qualitative techniques and methods, etc…
We performed a virtual docking ligand-lycorine protein screening study to predict and characterize their mode of interaction with the LpxC receptor. Docking results have shown that lycorine can interact with target amino residues studied by hydrogen and metal-ion bonds. In addition, the ADME-Tox profile study has shown that lycorine is all in agreement, either with Lipinski's critics or with the toxicity standards.
•Identification and characterization of lycorine by CCM, IR, NMR (1H and 13C, COZY, HMBC and NOESY).•Moderate antibacterial activity of lycorine in all strains studied.•Lycorine can interact with target amino residues studied by hydrogen and metal ion bonds.•ADME-TOX profile showed that lycorine strongly agrees with Lipinski's critics or toxicity standards.
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) attracts interest as a biomaterial for use in bone substitution or allografts. In the current work, biomaterial nanocomposites based on HAp and pectin were synthesized by using ...the double decomposition method, which involved using pectin extracted from fresh cladodes of the prickly pear, Opuntia ficus-indica. The crystallinity, purity, and several analytical techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were used to understand the surface’s shape. The results revealed that the produced HAp/pectin nanoparticles are pure, spherical, and amorphous. The spectroscopic data indicated a substantial interaction between HAp and pectin, specifically between Ca (II) and pectin hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The presence of pectin showed a noticeable influence on the prepared nanocomposite texture and porosity. We further assess the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the developed nanocomposite against a number of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, evaluated by the well diffusion method. In the absence of pectin, the XRD analysis revealed that the HAp nanoparticles had 10.93% crystallinity. When the pectin concentration reached 10 wt.%, it was reduced to approximately 7.29%. All synthesized nanocomposites demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria in addition to various fungi (e.g., Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium funiculosum, and Trichoderma viride). This study endorses the HAp/Pectin nanocomposite as an efficient antimicrobial material for biomedical advanced applications.
This letter reports the first millimeter-wave power demonstration of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors grown on a (110) silicon substrate. Owing to an AlN/AlGaN stress-mitigating stack and ...in spite of the twofold surface symmetry of Si (110), it is possible to obtain crack-free GaN layers for the fabrication of millimeter-wave power devices with high performance. The device exhibits a maximum dc drain current density of 1.55 A/mm at V GS = 0 V with an extrinsic transconductance of 476 mS/mm. An extrinsic current gain cutoff frequency of 81 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency of 106 GHz are deduced from Sij parameters. At 40 GHz, an output power density of 3.3 W/mm associated with a power-added efficiency of 20.1% and a linear power gain of 10.6 dB is obtained.
We report the first synthesis of GaAs nanowires (NWs) by Au-assisted vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) growth in the novel hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) environment. Forty micrometer long rodlike ⟨111⟩ ...monocrystalline GaAs nanowires exhibiting a cubic zinc blende structure were grown in 15 min with a mean density of 106 cm−2. The synthesis of such long figures in such a short duration could be explained by the growth physics of near-equilibrium HVPE. VLS−HVPE is mainly based on solidification after direct and continuous feeding of the arsenious and GaCl growth precursors through the Au−Ga liquid catalyst. Fast solidification (170 μm/h) is then assisted by the high decomposition frequency of GaCl. This predominant feeding through the liquid−solid interface with no mass and kinetic hindrance favors axial rather than radial growth, leading to twin-free nanowires with a constant cylinder shape over unusual length. The achievement of GaAs NWs several tens of micrometers long showing a high surface to volume ratio may open the field of III−V wires, as already addressed with ultralong Si nanowires.
Summary Background & aims Malnutrition is frequent in head and neck (HN) and esophageal cancer patients and aggravated by radiochemotherapy (RCT), increasing morbi-mortality and treatment toxicity. ...Our goal was to investigate the effect of immunonutrition consisting of an arginine, omega-3 fatty acid, nucleotides-enriched diet on nutritional status, and functional capacity in HN or esophageal cancer patients undergoing RCT. Methods 37 patients were randomized in a double-blind clinical trial. 5 days before and until the end of RCT (5–7 weeks), they received either an Immunomodulating Enteral Nutrition (IEN) or an isonitrogenous, isoenergetic Standard Enteral Nutrition (SEN). Anthropometrical parameters, nutritional risk index (NRI), serum albumin, plasma antioxidant capacity, and functional capacity were recorded between the beginning and the end of RCT. Results A significant gain in total body weight (+2.1 ± 3.1 kg) was observed in IEN patients. Albuminemia and NRI were improved concomitantly in IEN malnourished patients. Plasma antioxidant capacity was improved (+100 ± 13 μM Eq Trolox) in IEN patients. Functional capacity measured by WHO Performance Status and Karnofsky index was maintained in IEN patients but significantly reduced in SEN patients. Conclusions These preliminary data show that immunonutrition could improve the nutritional status together with functional capacity in HN and esophageal cancer patients undergoing RCT. Clinical trial registration This clinical trial promoted by the University Hospital Center of Clermont-Ferrand has been registered at ClinicalTrial.gov website under the following reference: NCT00333099.
Abstract Indonesia is the country with the largest rice producer. One of the provinces that is a national rice granary is West Java Province, specifically Cianjur Regency which is the third largest ...contributor of rice products in West Java. In determining the area of rice fields, knowledge of spatial information is very necessary, processing can be done using remote sensing. Remote sensing is able to detect land use and land cover changes. The data needed is Landsat 8 imagery in 2013 and Landsat 8 imagery in 2020. This spatial analysis of land change passed an accuracy test using the Kappa Coefficient method. The results of the analysis carried out over a period of 7 years showed that there was an increase in the area of rice fields amounting to 16671.2 Ha. From this relationship, the 2013 image calculation gets a production value of 801,622 tons or 8.02 tons per hectare, and the 2020 image gets a production value of 1,108,388 tons or 7.89 tons per hectare.
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