HIGHLIGHTS: There is variability concerning the physical properties of cowpea genotypes. This study describes the main physical properties of grains of 11 commercial cultivars and 17 elite lines of ...cowpea. The physical properties of grains can interfere with the drying and storage process. Te present study aimed to evaluate the physical properties of cowpea genotypes grains. Te study was conducted at the Laboratory for Storage and Processing of Grains and Seeds at the North Federal Institute of Minas Gerais (IFNMG) in Januaria, MG, Brazil. Te treatments were composed of 17 elite lines and 11 cultivars of cowpea. Te experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replicates. Te properties evaluated were bulk density, angle of repose, 1000-grain weight, shape (sphericity and circularity), size (projected area) of the grains, water content, and porosity of the grain mass. Te genotypes give different sizes to cowpea beans, which influences the variation of bulk density, angle of repose, and 1000-grain weight. Tere was no statistical diference among the cowpea genotypes evaluated for water content and mass porosity. Key words: Vigna unguiculata (Walp) L., grain quality, physical characteristics, post-harvest Objetivou-se avaliar propriedades fisicas de graos de genotipos de feijao-caupi. O estudo foi conduzido no Laboratorio de Armazenamento e Beneficiamento de Graos e Sementes no Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, em Januaria, MG. Os tratamentos utilizados foram 17 linhagens-elite e 11 cultivares de graos de feijao-caupi. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repeticoes. As caracteristicas avaliadas foram a densidade aparente, angulo de repouso, massa de 1.000 graos, forma (esfericidade e circularidade), tamanho (area projetada) dos graos, teor de agua e porosidade da massa de graos. Os genotipos conferem differentes tamanhos aos graos de feijao-caupi, o que influencia na variacao da densidade aparente, angulo de repouso e massa de mil graos. Nao houve diferenca estatistica entre as medias para as variaveis teor de agua e porosidade da massa, entre os genotipos avaliados. Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata (Walp) L., qualidade do grao, caracteristicas fisicas, pos-colheita
Physical properties of grains of cowpea genotypes Silva, Liliane S. da; Carvalho, Abner J. de; Siqueira, Wagner da C. ...
Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental,
03/2023, Letnik:
27, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the physical properties of cowpea genotypes grains. The study was conducted at the Laboratory for Storage and Processing of Grains and Seeds at the North ...Federal Institute of Minas Gerais (IFNMG) in Januária, MG, Brazil. The treatments were composed of 17 elite lines and 11 cultivars of cowpea. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replicates. The properties evaluated were bulk density, angle of repose, 1000-grain weight, shape (sphericity and circularity), size (projected area) of the grains, water content, and porosity of the grain mass. The genotypes give different sizes to cowpea beans, which influences the variation of bulk density, angle of repose, and 1000-grain weight. There was no statistical difference among the cowpea genotypes evaluated for water content and mass porosity.
RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar propriedades físicas de grãos de genótipos de feijão-caupi. O estudo foi conduzido no Laboratório de Armazenamento e Beneficiamento de Grãos e Sementes no Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, em Januária, MG. Os tratamentos utilizados foram 17 linhagens-elite e 11 cultivares de grãos de feijão-caupi. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As características avaliadas foram a densidade aparente, ângulo de repouso, massa de 1.000 grãos, forma (esfericidade e circularidade), tamanho (área projetada) dos grãos, teor de água e porosidade da massa de grãos. Os genótipos conferem diferentes tamanhos aos grãos de feijão-caupi, o que influencia na variação da densidade aparente, ângulo de repouso e massa de mil grãos. Não houve diferença estatística entre as médias para as variáveis teor de água e porosidade da massa, entre os genótipos avaliados.
This study reports the distribution, ecotopes and fauna diversity of sandflies captured in five training bases on a military reserve in Manaus, state of Amazonas (AM). A total of 10,762 specimens ...were collected, which were distributed among 58 species, with the highest number recorded at Base Instruction 1 (BI1). A higher rate of species richness was found at the Base Instruction Boina Rajada and low levels of diversity associated with a high abundance index with the clear dominance of Lutzomyia umbratilis, Lutzomyia ruii and Lutzomyia anduzei were found at BI1. The abundance of Lu. umbratilis raises the possibility of outbreaks of American cutaneous leishmaniasis by the main vector of the disease in AM.
The filamentous fungus
can cause a distinct set of clinical disorders in humans. Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is the most common life-threatening fungal disease of immunocompromised humans. The ...mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are essential to the adaptation to the human host. Fungal cell survival is highly dependent on the organization, composition, and function of the cell wall. Here, an evaluation of the global
phosphoproteome under cell wall stress caused by the cell wall-damaging agent Congo red (CR) revealed 485 proteins potentially involved in the cell wall damage response. Comparative phosphoproteome analyses with the Δ
, Δ
, and Δ
Δ
mutant strains from the osmotic stress MAPK cascades identify their additional roles during the cell wall stress response. Our phosphoproteomics allowed the identification of novel kinases and transcription factors (TFs) involved in osmotic stress and in the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway. Our global phosphoproteome network analysis showed an enrichment for protein kinases, RNA recognition motif domains, and the MAPK signaling pathway. In contrast to the wild-type strain, there is an overall decrease of differentially phosphorylated kinases and phosphatases in Δ
, Δ
, and Δ
Δ
mutants. We constructed phosphomutants for the phosphorylation sites of several proteins differentially phosphorylated in the wild-type and mutant strains. For all the phosphomutants, there is an increase in the sensitivity to cell wall-damaging agents and a reduction in the MpkA phosphorylation upon CR stress, suggesting these phosphosites could be important for the MpkA modulation and CWI pathway regulation.
is an opportunistic human pathogen causing allergic reactions or systemic infections, such as invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are essential for fungal adaptation to the human host. Fungal cell survival, fungicide tolerance, and virulence are highly dependent on the organization, composition, and function of the cell wall. Upon cell wall stress, MAPKs phosphorylate multiple target proteins involved in the remodeling of the cell wall. Here, we investigate the global phosphoproteome of the Δ
and Δ
and high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway MAPK mutants upon cell wall damage. This showed the involvement of the HOG pathway and identified novel protein kinases and transcription factors, which were confirmed by fungal genetics to be involved in promoting tolerance of cell wall damage. Our results provide understanding of how fungal signal transduction networks modulate the cell wall. This may also lead to the discovery of new fungicide drug targets to impact fungal cell wall function, fungicide tolerance, and virulence.
The presence of Lutzomyia conviti Ramirez Perez, Martins & Ramirez, previously found only in Venezuela and Colombia, is recorded for the first time in Brazil. Lutzomyia conviti is now added to the ...229 species of Lutzomyia already registered in Brazil and to the 44 identified in São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas state. Both sexes of L. conviti were collected in 2007 and 2008 with CDC light traps in an environment of primary vegetation represented by firm land forest. The distribution range of the species is cited and discussed.
Hepatoprotective effects of pecan nut shells on ethanol-induced liver damage Müller, Liz Girardi; Pase, Camila Simonetti; Reckziegel, Patrícia ...
Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft für Toxikologische Pathologie,
January 2013, 2013, 2013-Jan, 2013-1-00, 20130101, Letnik:
65, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extract of the shells of pecan nut was investigated against ethanol-induced liver damage. This by-product of the food industry is popularly used to treat ...toxicological diseases. We evaluated the phytochemical properties of pecan shell aqueous extract (AE) and its in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity. The AE was found to have a high content of total polyphenols (192.4±1.9mg GAE/g), condensed tannins (58.4±2.2mg CE/g), and antioxidant capacity, and it inhibited Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation (LP) in vitro. Rats chronically treated with ethanol (Et) had increased plasmatic transaminases (ALT, AST) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels (96%, 59.13% and 465.9%, respectively), which were effectively prevented (87; 41 and 383%) by the extract (1:40, w/v). In liver, ethanol consumption increased the LP (121%) and decreased such antioxidant defenses as glutathione (GSH) (33%) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (47%) levels, causing genotoxicity in erythrocytes. Treatment with pecan shell AE prevented the development of LP (43%), GSH and SOD depletion (33% and 109%, respectively) and ethanol-induced erythrocyte genotoxicity. Catalase activity in the liver was unchanged by ethanol but was increased by the extract (47% and 73% in AE and AE+Et, respectively). Therefore, pecan shells may be an economic agent to treat liver diseases related to ethanol consumption.
This paper describes the development and optimization, by using multivariate analysis, of a GC-MS-SIM method for evaluation of the 16 polyaromatic hydrocarbons considered as priority pollutants in ...atmospheric particulate material by the US EPA. In order to assure an adequate separation in the shortest analysis time, a multivariate design was used to set the conditions of the oven temperature program. The optimization process was carried out using factorial fractional design and Box-Behnken design. The following factors were evaluated: initial temperature, temperature rate #1, intermediary temperature, temperature rate #2, and final temperature. The optimized conditions were set at: 70°C (2 min) rightward arrow 200°C (30°C/min, 5 min) rightward arrow 300°C (5°C/min, 1.67 min). Moreover, we have also optimized the injector temperature as 310°C and sampling time as 0.8 min. The total analysis time was 33 min. Validation of GC-MS-SIM yielded satisfactory results for repetitivity of the detector response and retention times, and linearity of calibration curves. LOD were established as 0.13-0.34 ng/mL (peak area) and 0.18-0.72 ng/mL (peak height). The method has been shown to be appropriate for the analysis of samples of atmospheric particulate material and/or other environmental matrices.
Primeiro registro de Lutzomyia (Trichopygomyia) conviti Ramirez Perez, Martins & Ramirez (Diptera: Psychodidae) no Brasil Pinheiro, Francimeire G(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Lab de Leishmaniose e Doença de Chagas); Freitas, Rui A de(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Lab de Leishmaniose e Doença de Chagas); Rocha, Liliane C da(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Lab de Leishmaniose e Doença de Chagas) ...
Neotropical entomology,
2010, Letnik:
39, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The presence of Lutzomyia conviti Ramirez Perez, Martins & Ramirez, previously found only in Venezuela and Colombia, is recorded for the first time in Brazil. Lutzomyia conviti is now added to the ...229 species of Lutzomyia already registered in Brazil and to the 44 identified in São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas state. Both sexes of L. conviti were collected in 2007 and 2008 with CDC light traps in an environment of primary vegetation represented by firm land forest. The distribution range of the species is cited and discussed.